常用预应力锚索的结构和特点

本文阐述了目前岩土工程加固中常用的预应力锚索的结构、优缺点及适用条件,特别强调了各种锚索作为永久支护手段时的规范结构。本文目的在于使锚索应用者对各种锚索有个正确的认识,修正不规范的施工方法,并在设计锚索时,根据岩体性质、工程要求以及锚索作用,正确选择锚索类型,达到工程加固的最佳效果。     

低频爆破震动对岩石介质破坏机理研究

基于小波包爆破地震能量分析法和损伤力学基本理论,对低频爆破震动对岩石的破坏作用进行了分析,提出了震动对岩石的拉压损伤作用理论,从能量角度解释了岩石破坏原因,克服以往岩石破坏判据单一的缺陷,得出低频爆破震动破坏岩石的普遍理论,为以后进一步研究提供了依据。     

重读蒲柏的英雄滑稽诗《夺发记》

亚历山大.蒲柏是18世纪最伟大的诗人,作为英国启蒙时代的代表,推崇理性主义。十九世纪,他的名声一度跌落;20世纪以来,他因其诗歌的高度艺术性重振声名。尤其是《夺发记》,成为戏仿史诗的经典,为诗歌爱好者提供了解史诗和传统诗歌的上乘之作。     

Summary of research on soil testing for rock phosphate fertilizers in Western Australia

The relationship between plant yield and values of soils tests for phosphorus (P) was studied in long-term field experiments in south-western Australia for soil previously fertilized with rock phosphate and superphosphate. The rock phosphates studied were: Queensland (Duchess) apatite rock phosphate; reactive apatite rock phosphate from North Carolina; and rock phosphate from Christmas Island (as either C-grade ore or Calciphos). The P fertilizers were applied once only at the start of each experiment, and in subsequent years, soil samples were collected in January-March to measure soil test values. These were compared with plant yields measured later on in that year. The Colwell alkaline bicarbonate soil test was used in all years in all experiments. Olsen, Bray, lactate and Troug tests were used in some years in some experiments. For all soil tests the relationships between yield and soil test values was generally different for rock phosphate and superphosphate. For a given source of P, none of the different soil test reagents was significantly superior for predicting plant yields. The relationship between yield and soil test value was also generally different for different plant species. At one site cultivation was included as a treatment and the relationship varied depending on the cultivation treatment of the topsoil before sowing oats (Avena sativa). The relationship between yield and soil test also differed between years.     

Measuring hydraulic properties of geotextiles after installation damage

Since geotextiles have been progressively incorporated into coastal protection structures, the influence of installation damage on them has been the primary concern. During installation/construction, geotextiles are repeatedly subjected to high mechanical stresses which often exceed service stress. It is therefore vital to evaluate the mechanical and hydraulic damage and determine the consequences of these damages to better develop criteria for selection of suitable products. As these damages could reduce the material's mechanical strength and hydraulic efficiency, or in the severest form of damage, puncturing, would end the separation function. The properties investigated in this paper include the permittivity and apparent opening size (AOS) of geotextiles. Generally, the greater the drop energy of armour units applied to geotextiles, the greater the potential for damage. Findings show that the residual permittivity could increase significantly, 45% during installation. The preliminary design of coastal structures will be optimised as engineers and designers can better estimate the amount of damage on geotextiles upon installation.     

Slope stability analysis of Balia Nala landslide,Kumaun Lesser Himalaya,Nainital, Uttarakhand,India

Balia Nala is the outlet of the Nainital lake, flowing towards southeast direction. Presence of Nainital habitation at its right bank has high socio-economic importance. This study presents the stability analysis of a ravine/valley along Balia Nala. Variegated slates(lower Krol and upper Blaini formations) are the main rock types, wherever the outcrop does exist and rest of the area is covered by slope wash and river borne materials. Three sets of joints are presented in the area, but 4 sets of joints also exist at some locations. Nainital lake fault intersected by Manora fault from southwest direction passes through eastern side of the study area, and some small faults, which are sub-branches of Nainital lake fault, are observed(with 10 m offset) and promote the landslide in the area. This study shows that different kinds of discontinuities(joints, faults and shear zones) and rapid down cutting by the stream due to neotectonic activity affect the stability of the slope. The fragile lithology and deep V-shaped valley further accelerate the mass movement in the study area. In addition, rock mass rating(RMR), factor of safety(FOS) and graphical analysis of the joints indicate the study area as landslide-prone zone. This study will be helpful in not only reducing the risk on life of people, but also in assisting the ongoing civil work in the study area.     

Applying rock mass classifications to carbonate rocks for engineering purposes with a new approach using the rock engineering system

Classical rock mass classification systems are not applicable to carbonate rocks, especially when these are affected by karst processes. Their applications to such settings could therefore result in outcomes not representative of the real stress–strain behavior. In this study, we propose a new classification of carbonate rock masses for engineering purposes, by adapting the rock engineering system (RES) method by Hudson for fractured and karstified rock masses, in order to highlight the problems of implementation of geomechanical models to carbonate rocks. This new approach allows a less rigid classification for carbonate rock masses, taking into account the local properties of the outcrops, the site conditions and the type of engineering work as well.     

万家寨引黄南干7~#洞碎屑岩区段水文地质问题

本文从万家寨引黄工程南干 7#隧洞碎屑岩区段的工程地质条件、水文地质特性、地下水类型、各含水层的富水性及其赋存、径流、补给、排泄等条件入手 ,分析了该洞段开挖过程中存在的主要水文地质问题 ,以指导隧洞施工和设计 ,减少工程风险     

浅谈现场岩体变形试验资料的整理分析

通过对百色水利枢纽主坝等多个工程现场岩体变形试验的原始资料进行综合分析归类,并结合现场工程地质条件作出解释,指出对不同的曲线类型必须用正确的计算方法才能得出合理的指标.     

岩土体斜(边)坡滑坡发生的机理

根据滑坡发生的初始条件、滑坡成因及方式表象,对常见的蠕变倾覆滑坡、卸荷滑坡、震动液化平推滑坡、潜蚀塌陷滑坡、溶蚀下陷滑坡、孔隙水压浮动滑坡和人工切蚀或冲(浪)蚀—加载滑坡等机理进行了分析.