体育建筑的地域性创作手法解析

体育类建筑的地域性表达是指体育类建筑与其所处地域的自然环境、当地文脉及城市形态等因素的关联互动。本文通过对其地域性创作手法的多层次分析,以及地域性设计手法的探讨,为体育建筑的设计提供借鉴．进而为地域性在设计中的实现提供可能。     

奖励区划技术的演变与应用

作为应用于商业街区改造的一项重要区划改良技术,奖励区划技术在美国城乡规划调控体系中应用已经超过60年,时至今日已发展为一项较为成熟的规划弹性引导技术.本文试图从奖励区划技术的演化过程入手,从技术的产生、发展、运作、改良几个方面分析奖励区划技术在不同发展阶段的历史背景及技术演化要点.并在此基础上提出在中国实施的若干启示,即需强调奖惩并施、保障管理机制以及借助于公众力量,以此达到高效借鉴与运用奖励区划技术的目的.     

Identifying the critical success factors for relationship management in PPP projects

The longer the contract period, the higher the chance that major changes will arise. Thus a greater reliance on the established relationships is needed to maintain the contractual bond in PPP project. Relationship management (RM) can therefore be expected to be even more valuable in the PPP context. This paper aims to investigate current perceptions and experiences of RM in PPP projects and more importantly, to identify the CSFs for RM in PPP projects. By means of an empirical questionnaire survey geared towards PPP practitioners with direct hands-on experience, the opinions were solicited, analyzed and compared in relation to potential PPP RM success factors. The survey findings indicate that industry practitioners currently lack a general understanding of concepts and applications of RM, given that it is relatively new in PPP. However, they do think that RM is very important to improve the present performance of PPPs. Future PPP business opportunities can also be increased by effective RM. The top four CSFs for RM are found to be commitment of senior executives, defining the objectives, integration of the different divisions and a multidisciplinary team. However, the relative importance presently assigned for each of the above factors is insufficient, and commitment from senior management is perceived as the most difficult factor to improve.     

上海郊野地区规划的创新探索

在“新型城镇化”和“生态文明”的国家战略指导下,上海借助土地综合整治平台积极推动城市的可持续发展。将城乡规划与土地规划结合,在郊野地区①构建土地整治规划体系,并通过集建区内外的管理联动,使郊野地区规划在纵向、横向上实现全覆盖和“三化”管理②,是上海规划和土地工作的一次创新,也是实现城乡统筹目标的途径之一。在阐明当前郊野地区规划编制主要问题和必要性基础上,介绍郊野地区规划体系、区县土地整治规划、郊野单元规划、郊野公园规划4个方面创新性探索成果,并提出“3个转变”的规划思考。     

某政府会议室音视频系统设计与调试

某政府会议室是领导召开日常工作会议的重要场所,对音视频系统要求很高,尤其是该会议室数字会议发言单元很多,如何保证系统稳定可靠、不啸叫,每个与会者听得见、听得清,以及显示图像清晰、稳定,这就需要音视频系统具备稳定可靠的冗余结构和良好的传输频率特性、声场不均匀度、传声增益、语言传输指数和分辨率等高性能指标要求。主要阐述了该会议室音视系统的设计和调试技术,以及最终达到的良好效果。     

地面数字电视系统加入CA的思考

国标地面数字电视正进入推广普及阶段,针对地面数字电视公益服务,思考如何着眼未来,创新地面数字电视覆盖体系。提出地面数字电视的发展应加入CA,采取条件接收、免费收看的方式,从而建立广播电视公益服务长效运行机制,确保直播卫星、有线、无线三大覆盖方式全面协调与健康发展。     

A meta-analysis of the effects of texting on driving

Text messaging while driving is considered dangerous and known to produce injuries and fatalities. However, the effects of text messaging on driving performance have not been synthesized or summarily estimated. All available experimental studies that measured the effects of text messaging on driving were identified through database searches using variants of “driving” and “texting” without restriction on year of publication through March 2014. Of the 1476 abstracts reviewed, 82 met general inclusion criteria. Of these, 28 studies were found to sufficiently compare reading or typing text messages while driving with a control or baseline condition. Independent variables (text-messaging tasks) were coded as typing, reading, or a combination of both. Dependent variables included eye movements, stimulus detection, reaction time, collisions, lane positioning, speed and headway. Statistics were extracted from studies to compute effect sizes (r_c). A total sample of 977 participants from 28 experimental studies yielded 234 effect size estimates of the relationships among independent and dependent variables. Typing and reading text messages while driving adversely affected eye movements, stimulus detection, reaction time, collisions, lane positioning, speed and headway. Typing text messages alone produced similar decrements as typing and reading, whereas reading alone had smaller decrements over fewer dependent variables. Typing and reading text messages affects drivers’ capability to adequately direct attention to the roadway, respond to important traffic events, control a vehicle within a lane and maintain speed and headway. This meta-analysis provides convergent evidence that texting compromises the safety of the driver, passengers and other road users. Combined efforts, including legislation, enforcement, blocking technologies, parent modeling, social media, social norms and education, will be required to prevent continued deaths and injuries from texting and driving.     

Transport priorities,risk perception and worry associated with mode use and preferences among Norwegian commuters

There is currently scant research on the role of transport priorities, risk perception and worry for travel mode use and preferences. The present study aims to examine these factors in relation to mode use and preferences among Norwegian commuters. A web-based survey was conducted in a randomly obtained representative sample of daily commuters in the extended greater Oslo area (n = 690). The results showed that those who prioritized efficiency and flexibility tended to commute by car, while those who prioritized safety and comfort used public (e.g. metro, tram, and train) or active (e.g. walking and cycling) transport. In a free choice scenario, the respondents who prioritized flexibility reported a preference for using a car, whereas those who prioritized safety and comfort preferred public and active transport for their commuter travels. Risk perception of high impact events, such as terrorism and major accidents, as well as risk perception related to personal impact risks (theft, violence etc.) were related to car use on commuter travels. Transport-related worry exerted weak influences on mode use and preferences. Increased speed on rail transport and more frequent departures may be effective in reducing car use on commuter travels. Risk communication should focus on highlighting the low risk of experiencing security and safety issues in the public transport sector, and this message should be complemented by efforts to reduce the probability of negative events affecting public transport.     

文化翻译观下的美剧字幕翻译

近年来美剧在中国日益流行,不仅促进了中西方文化的交流,也使得美剧字幕的翻译作为一个新兴的翻译领域逐渐受到重视。同时,由于中西方文化以及思维方式的不同,美剧的字幕翻译必然受到跨文化交际的影响。文章以文化翻译观为依据,以几部在中国热播的美剧字幕翻译为例来探讨美剧字幕翻译中文化信息的处理的几种方法。     

冷却塔全运行周期内动态出水温度计算方法

冷却水的进水温度受到多方面因素的影响,其值在空调运行周期内是动态变化的。以重庆地区的冷却塔空调系统为研究对象,针对不同类型的公共建筑,提出了在不同运行模式下的全运行周期内冷却水温度的动态计算方法。该计算方法同时考虑了气象参数、负荷率及冷却塔运行模式对冷却水温度的影响。同时对不同类型建筑在不同影响因素下的冷却水温度进行了动态计算,以计算结果为基础,提出了冷却塔出水温度与负荷率的关系。最后通过实验对所提出的计算方法进行验证。计算值与实验值的平均相对误差小于5%。