苏丹爱马公路项目设备租赁与购置经济比选与决策分析

随着国际工程承包市场的竞争不断加大,项目利润率不断下降。要在国际市场中占据一定的份额,我国企业必须提高工程项目管理水平,在满足合同要求、工程质量与工期的前提下,追求利润最大化。施工设备作为国际工程项目的主要生产要素,如何合理地选择和配置是提高企业市场竞争力及盈利能力的关键。笔者从成本管理的角度进行了财务分析,并综合考虑设备购置和租赁的经济性,通过案例数据进行多种经济分析和比较,从而选择最优方案。     

落石冲击作用下公路破坏机理研究

现有的落石冲击计算公式主要适用于一种均质材料的路面,而公路是由路面和路基组成的二元体结构,基于此,考虑路面在受到落石冲击力后的变形特性,将落石冲击下路面的变形分为压缩变形和刺入变形两种模式。基于能量守恒原理和太沙基地基承载力理论,分别得到两种变形模式下的落石冲击力和由此引起的公路变形量计算公式;并据此导出判断公路安全状态的标准,且以工程实例说明了理论的可靠性。可为落石灾害区公路的设计和施工提供理论依据。     

ZDM软件在灌区渠道改建设计中的应用

ZDM软件广泛应用于水利水电设计行业,尤其是对灌区渠道、河道整治、供水管道、堤防加固等长线路工程的设计,可明显提高工作效率。介绍该软件在灌区渠道改造设计中的应用,重点为图纸绘制、图纸打印和工程量计算等工作。     

嫩江白沙滩险工护岸工程设计

白沙滩险工段处于嫩江主流凹岸顶流冲刷区,陡岸岩性主要是细砂,平均每年以2m的速度坍塌退岸,针对运行期不同设计水位等条件分别采取不同护坡、护岸型式,通过工程实施,取得了在粉细砂基础上进行坡式护岸设计的成功经验.     

HEC—RAS在溢洪道水面线计算中的应用

HEC—RAS软件是一款在国内外河道水面线计算中广泛运用的软件,但是在中小型水库溢洪道水面线计算中应用较少。通过工程实例将HEC—RAS计算结果与传统水面线计算结果相比较,该软件计算溢洪道水面线既省时又精确,还可获得流速、水头等其它结果,所以可在今后的设计中推广应用。     

混凝土施工温度与裂缝预防措施

混凝土施工中产生裂缝有多种原因,通过对下车亭隧洞洞身衬砌混凝土进行温度量测与裂缝发展情况的观测,采取了裂缝预防措施。实践表明,控制施工温度及改善约束条件是防止裂缝产生行之有效的措施,为混凝土施工中预防裂缝的产生提供了借鉴和参考。     

Operator strategies in a dynamic environment in relation to an operator model

Results of an analysis of the cognitive activity of operators in controlling incidents in a Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor in relation to a computer-based model of an operator (COSIMO, Cacciabue et al. 1992) are presented. The analysis focuses on information checking and actions to be taken in five incidents of varying levels of specification. Two experienced and two less-experienced operators participated in the experiments. Techniques of video and protocol analysis have been employed. Results indicate that operators use strategies in order to overcome the dynamic feature of incidents; in particular they break down problems into elementary problems, and they aim at maintaining a stable situation. A central characteristic is the importance of actions in terms of their timing and their results. Actions are carried out incrementally, and their effects then used as pointers to guide the course of future problem-solving and future actions. Problems may be postponed when they are not urgent, or when system latency does not allow an effect to be obtained following an action. Finally the paper discusses some elements that should be modified in order to increase the predictive capability of the COSIMO model.     

Speech variability effects on recognition accuracy associated with concurrent task performance by pilots

Abstract

Pairs of pilots performed an aircraft warning classification task using an isolated-word speaker-dependent speech recognition system to record their responses. Task-induced stress was manipulated by means of different scoring procedures for the warning classification task and by inclusion of a competitive manual control task (Voorhees and Bucher 1984, Voorhees and Bucher 1985). High quality tape recordings were made of pilots’ speech spoken to the recognizer while performing under the different types of task loading. This speech was then analysed spectrographically for timing differences in the pilot's manner of speaking as a function of task loading, and of recognition accuracy associated with different types of task loading. Recognition errors were recorded by type for an isolated-word speaker-dependent system and by an off-line technique for a connected-word speaker-dependent system. While recognition errors increased with task loading for the isolated word system, there was no such effect for task loading when tape recordings of the same utterances were recognized by a connected word system. The results suggest areas for further improvements to speaker-dependent recognition algorithms and provide predictions of the types of recognition errors that can be expected with current recognition technology used by pilots under moderate to high levels of task loading.     

新时期我国高校矛盾纠纷及其风险防范探析

新时期社会转型的各种负面衍生品肆行,导致了高校矛盾纠纷的激变,加剧了人们的价值曲解,甚至诱发了违法犯罪的滋生。为进一步化解高校矛盾纠纷,构建相关风险防范体系,分别从空间、时间、结构三个层次剖析新时期我国高校矛盾纠纷的特征,在此基础上科学构建了与之相适应的多级分洪式矛盾疏导型泄力通道机制、长期防御排查与即时抵御排除双项矛盾纠纷风险防范机制及复杂案例精析与风险防范实验机制,为综合性风险防范体系的最终形成及高校矛盾纠纷风险的有效防范进行了有益探索。     

基于SVPWM的不定频滞环控制的有源滤波器仿真

为了更好地解决传统的电流滞环控制存在的开关频率高和开关损耗大等问题,在传统滞环控制的基础上,提出了一种基于空间电压矢量(SVPWM)的不定频滞环电流控制方法.此方案可以有效降低平均开关频率,减少开关损耗,提高系统的运行效率.通过Matlab/Simulink软件进行了系统仿真分析,结果验证了该控制策略的可行性和有效性.