Structural performance of a post-tensioned concrete floor during horizontally travelling fires

This paper highlights the structural performance of a bonded post-tensioned concrete floor subject to fires that travel horizontally between zones within the floorplate. The floorplate was previously analysed by the authors based on experimental and numerical investigations on one-way spanning bonded post-tensioned concrete slab strips. In the previous studies, a nonlinear finite element model was developed for the floor that considered the mechanical and thermal material nonlinearities of the floor’s components, interfaces between the components, different natural fire severities, different applied static load during the fire and different restraint conditions. The previous studies highlighted the importance of investigating the whole-building behaviour and provided a useful insight into the temperature distribution throughout the floor slab, failure modes, comparisons with current design rules and time-displacement behaviour of the floor under fire conditions. This paper extends the previous studies and uses the validated finite element model to investigate different horizontal travelling fire scenarios between zones and different inter-zone time delays to represent fire travelling time. The time-temperature distribution throughout the floor slab was predicted at different locations in the floor subject to travelling fires. Furthermore, the time-deflection and time-axial displacement relationships were predicted at different locations in the floor. The current study has shown that horizontally travelling fire scenarios and the inter-zone time delay affect the time-deflection behaviour considerably. The change in heating/cooling scenarios between zones has resulted in a cyclic deflection pattern, which has previously not been considered when designing post-tensioned concrete floors against fire. Based on the analysis of the results presented, it is shown that the worst case in terms of maximum vertical defection or maximum residual deflection, at a given point in the floorplate, could occur either under the assumption of a uniform fire or a travelling fire. It is therefore recommended that designers should consider the integrity of floorplates using various travelling fires.     

Investigations of groundwater bursting into coal mine seam floors from fault zones

This paper presents a case study of investigations into retarded groundwater bursting along the fault zones in the seam floors in coal mines. In addition to in situ measurements of ground stresses, a number of rock samples from the fault zones at the site of the case study were taken, and laboratory tests were performed for conventional and special rheological rock mechanics properties. The effects of different parameters on deformation and failure of the fault zone materials were analyzed, and the mechanism of retarded groundwater bursting along fault zones was further revealed. In the case study, different scenarios accounting for the different development phases of the fault weakness zone and groundwater bursting as well as different groundwater pressures were considered, and each of them was simulated using the 3D visual elastic–plastic numerical mechanics model FLAC^3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions). Through the case study, the applicability of rock mechanics modeling software for studying retarded groundwater bursting along a fault zone was examined. Several issues are discussed regarding the investigations of retarded groundwater bursting and a general structured approach to investigate and control this geological hazardous event is presented.     

白色釉面石膏陶瓷墙地砖的研究

本文采用二次烧成工艺,以二水石膏为主要原料,在较低温度下制备白色釉面石膏陶瓷墙地砖。结果表明,其物理力学性能达到彩色釉面陶瓷墙地砖的国家标准。用XRD、SEM-EDAX等测试手段研究了石膏陶瓷的形成机理。     

苏77-5-8H井大斜度穿煤层安全钻井技术

苏77-5-8H井为苏里格气田苏77区块第一口利用水平井提高山23组开发效益的大斜度穿煤层水平井,目的层山23储集砂岩上部发育厚度25～30 m的碳质泥岩和煤层段,由于煤系地层的特殊性,钻进过程中易坍塌,且煤系地层正好处于入靶前的造斜井段,钻井施工难度大、风险高。在分析了煤层井壁稳定机理基础上,针对苏77区块地层特性和水平井钻井施工的难点,分析了该井主要技术难点,重点从井眼轨迹轨道设计优化、轨迹控制及施工技术措施和钻井液技术等方面对该井安全技术进行了全面的介绍,为今后同类井钻井提供可参考的经验。     

外套加层结构中的隔震支座优化参数研究

对隔震技术在分离式外套框架加层结构中的应用进行了研究,研究结果表明可通过理论表达式得到初步设计时隔震支座的优化参数.采用线性弹簧和线性阻尼器并联的模型模拟橡胶支座,并采用Bouc-Wen模型描述结构的滞回特性.在数值算例中,对不同加速度峰值和不同地震波激励下的外套框架加层结构进行了非线性动力分析,得到了隔震支座的优化刚度和阻尼系数,该结果与理论表达式得到的优化阻尼系数一致,大量的数值分析结果表明在一定范围内,隔震支座的刚度取值对其耗能减震效果影响不大,说明隔震技术在分离式外套框架加层结构中的应用具有较大的优势,隔震支座阻尼系数初步设计值可通过理论表达式求得,可为工程师的初步设计提供参考,有利于这种加层结构体系的推广应用.     

Multi-operator image retargeting with automatic integration of direct and indirect seam carving

Multi-operator image resizing can preserve important objects and structure in an image by combining multiple image resizing operators. However, traditional multi-operator methods do not take both horizontal and vertical content-aware resizing potential into consideration, which essentially leads to squeeze/stretch effect in the resultant images. In this paper, we propose a new multi-operator scheme that addresses aforementioned issue by integrating direct and indirect seam carving. Compared with previous methods, the proposed scheme remarkably reduces the cost of deciding when to change operators, by employing a newly defined image artifact measure. Furthermore, we propose a novel seam carving enhancement, named ACcumulated Energy Seam Carving (ACESC), as a basic operator to improve global structure preservation. By combining horizontal and vertical seam carving, our scheme preserves the shapes of important objects well. We present typical results to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. User study shows that our method has high user preference.     

Seam Carving和显著性分析的图像缩放方法研究

提出一种基于Seam Carving和显著性分析相结合的图像缩放方法。通过不断移除（插入）缝合线来实现对图像尺寸的缩小（放大）。通过研究Seam Carving在图像缩放及目标保留移除中存在的问题,已有的基于像素点计算图像能量函数的方法会对某些图像失效,提出一种基于显著性区域求解图像能量函数的SDRS方法。实验结果表明,Seam Carving方法对自然图像的处理能够达到令人满意的效果。Seam Carving方法和SDRS方法的结合,也是一个创新点。     

既有房屋增层地基承载力确定方法的分析

根据地基土在既有房屋附加应力的长期作用下,使地基土的孔隙水压力逐渐消散,减少了土的孔隙比,改变了原有土的物理力学性质,提高了原有地基承载力,作为确定既有房屋增层地基承载力的依据,提出房屋增层地基承载力的近似确定方法。并用工程实例加以证实;根据工程实践分析给出预压影响系数与结构刚度影响系数的经验数据,可作为房屋增层设计时参考。