南京站主站房地震模拟振动台试验研究

南京站主站房下部为混凝土结构,屋盖为斜拉钢结构。由于建筑造型的需要,结构复杂。对这种混合结构进行地震模拟振动台试验时,如何保证原结构与模型间的相似性是一个很重要的问题。本文较详细地介绍了此次地震模拟振动台试验的过程,包括模型材料的选择、模型的制作、地震波的选择、振动试验、结果分析等方面的内容,可为类似结构进行振动台试验提供参考。模型试验结果表明,在振动台模型中分别用砂浆和铜材模拟混凝土和钢材是完全可行的;对于屋盖为钢结构,下部为钢筋混凝土结构的混合结构,在地震作用下,下部钢筋混凝土更为不利;对于类似单向受力特性明显的结构,加强纵向联系是十分必要的。     

Evolution of railway network flexibility: The Spanish broad gauge case

The length of the Spanish broad gauge network has decreased in the 1956–2006 period. When looking at different railway maps through this period, it seems that the network is offering fewer and fewer alternatives when a line is cut, that is, the network is becoming less and less flexible. The goal of this article is to prove that the flexibility of the Spanish broad gauge network has decreased substantially in the 1956–2006 period. We have considered the network as a graph (ignoring traditional railway quality indicators such as commercial speed, number of tracks, electrifications, signaling, …) and we have chosen two simple indicators as accurate in this sense: the number of cycles (cycles provide an alternative to reach a station if there is a problem in one line) and the number of stations of intermediate degree. To achieve this, we have developed a piece of software that is an ad hoc extension of Maple’s networks package.     

Damage tolerance investigations on rails

The paper summarises damage tolerance investigations on railway rails which the authors have carried out in the context of the German-French joint project NOVUM (novel methods for quantitative prediction of rail performance at increased service loads) [Girardi L, Heyder R, Dider L, Boulanger D. IDR2-NOVUM promises lower rail maintenance costs. Railway Gazette Int 2005;(July):439-41[1]]. The investigations include the determination of the crack driving force as a function of the various loading components a rail is subjected to and the simulation of residual lifetime. Features such as the local load input at the rail-wheel interface, dynamic effects and statistical aspects of crack resistance are explicitly taken into account.     

华南地区浅圆仓储藏进口大豆方法的初探

华南地区高温高湿的储粮生态气候特热点,对粮食储备非常不利。近年随着国家储备战略的需要,华南地区的大豆储备规模激增,如何实现大豆的安全储藏,是仓储企业的当务之急。自2008年2月第一批进口储备大豆进库开始,新沙粮库围绕大豆安全储藏已经开展了大量生产性试验,通过多角度分析大豆入库的质量状况、储存品质状况、仓房条件,对比常规储藏、高浓度熏蒸储藏、控温储藏三种大豆储藏方式,初步总结出一套比较适合华南地区浅圆仓安全储藏大豆的方法和思路。     

An intervention to reduce kerosene-related burns and poisonings in low-income South African communities.

Objective: Unintentional injury rates in low- and middle-income countries are up to 50 times higher than high-income nations. In South Africa, kerosene (paraffin) is a leading cause of poisoning and burns, particularly in low-income communities where it serves as a primary fuel for light, cooking, and heating. This study tested a community-based intervention to reduce kerosene-related injury risk. The intervention used a train-the-trainers model, whereby expert trainers train local paraprofessionals, who in turn deliver educational materials to community residents. The intervention was theory-driven, pragmatically motivated, and culturally sensitive. Design: Prospective quasi-experimental intervention design with nonequivalent case versus control groups. Main Outcome Measures: Three primary outcome measures were considered: self-reported knowledge of kerosene safety, observed practice of safe kerosene use, and self-reported recognition of risk for kerosene-related injury. Results: ANOVA models suggest a large and significant increase in self-reported kerosene-related knowledge in the intervention community compared to the control community. There were smaller, but statistically significant changes, in kerosene-related safety practices and recognition of kerosene injury risk in the intervention community compared to the control community. Conclusion: The intervention was successful. A train-the-trainers model might be an effective educational tool to reduce kerosene-related injury risk in low-income communities within low- and middle-income countries. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of residual stress and shape of web plate on the fatigue life of railway wheels

Railway wheels have been one of the most critical components in a railway vehicle. Fatigue design of railway wheel is one of the most important factors. Damages on the wheel can be divided into three types, such as the contact fatigue of the tread, the thermal fatigue of the rim due to braking and the mechanical fatigue of the web plate. The railway wheel has the initial residual stress formed during the manufacturing process, and this residual stress changes due to the thermal stress induced by braking. In this study, we evaluated residual stress of web plate by heat treatment due to the manufacturing process and changes of residual stress by braking using finite element analysis. The cyclic stress history for fatigue analysis is determined by applying finite element method. The fatigue strength evaluations of the web plate are performed to investigate the effect of the residual stress.     

Re-thinking Spatial Inequalities in South Africa: Lessons from International Experience

Questions relating to the causes and responses to spatial inequalities are attracting renewed international focus. Uncertainty exists in South Africa as to appropriate responses to persistent and deep-rooted spatial inequalities in the country. This article analyses international research into patterns and causes of spatial inequality to inform policy debates on addressing spatial inequality in contemporary South Africa.     

铁路客站照明节能设计的研究

铁路客站照明设计应将节能放在重要位置．通过合理确定照度标准和LPD值,选择节能光源和灯具,充分利用天然采光,运用智能照明控制系统．达到照明设计的节能与功能性、美观性的统一。     

面向未来2010上海世博会世博演艺中心设计

2010上海世博会世博演艺中心设计围绕主场馆演出空间设置相关的文化娱乐衍生功能,形成大型的、独特的文化娱乐聚集区。主场馆的规模可以调节,主观演区灵活多变的功能配置和完备的技术系统,确保了多功能、高规格的演出需求。配套的文化休闲娱乐空间,构成对演艺中心功能的补充,引导不同目标顾客群的附带消费,拓展了演艺中心的文化外延,演艺中心力求营造大众的、高雅的、时尚的文化氛围,激发整个园区的动感活力。