论工程项目管理的信息化与专业化创新

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,工程项目必须以市场为导向,强化项目管理理念,在市场竞争中求生存。从全局去预估风险,建立完善的工程项目风险管理体系,规避投资失误所产生的经济损失。加强项目管理信息技术的应用,把工程项目管理由任务完成型向经营管理型转变,将目标管理中的SMART原则引入工程项目管理中,提高项目管理工作的有效性。运用科学手段在工程项目建设投资决策前进行技术分析、方法论证和经济效益评估,以保证项目投资最小且经济效益最大,提高项目技术先进、经济合理和建设可行的达成度。运用系统理论和专业化管理方法,对工程项目建设进行计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制,实现工程项目管理信息化和专业化。     

经济型酒店经营模式选择探析

文章对比分析了中外经济型酒店的经营模式,指出国外经济型酒店的主流经营模式是通过连锁方式实现集团化经营。但国内经济型酒店业有着特殊情况,本文试图探索出符合中国国情的经济型酒店经营模式。     

浅析如何推行专业化安全管理

安全管理提倡"谁主管,谁负责",但是在以往的安全管理中,安全部门几乎包揽了所有的安全管理任务,专业范围、人员、精力的局限阻碍了安全水平的提升,影响了其他部门参与安全管理的积极性,推行专业化安全管理是我厂今年安全管理的新举措。在具体的落实中,应从分工,实施,考核等几个方面入手。     

基于泛化特化和覆盖算法的句法模板自动提取

提出一种基于泛化特化和覆盖算法的句法模板自动提取的方法，主要用于求解一对词汇或上一级概念的语义或语用的精确全能覆盖。     

On the degeneration of program generators by program composition

One of the main discoveries in the seventies was that the concept of a generating extension covers a very wide class of apparently different program generators. Program specialization, or partial evaluation, is powerful because it provides uniform techniques for the automatic implementation of generating extensions from ordinary programs. The Futamura projections stand as the cornerstone of the development of program specialization. This paper takes the idea of the Futamura projections further. Threedegeneration projections are formulated which tell us how to achieve the reverse goal by program composition, namely turning a generating extension into an ordinary program. The fact that program composition can invert the effect of program specialization shows that these projections are dual in a sense. The degeneration projections complete a missing link between programs and generating extensions and allow for novel applications of program transformation.     

Partial evaluation in parallel

Partially evaluating a procedural program amounts to building a series of mutually-recursive specialized procedures. When a procedure call in the source program gets specialized into a residual call, the called procedure needs to be processed to occur in the residual program. Because the order of procedure definitions in the residual program is immaterial, it does not matter in which order these two events — building the residual call and building the residual procedure — are scheduled. Therefore, partial evaluation offers a basic opportunity for an MIMD type of parallelism with shared global memory where in essence, the mutually-recursive specialized procedures are built in parallel as specialization points are met and the relation binding source and residual procedures is globalized, to preserve its uniqueness.We have translated a sequential partial evaluator written in T (a dialect of Scheme) into Mul-T (a parallel extension of T) by adding one semaphore with each specialization point and one future to construct the residual procedure in parallel with the current specialization. The resulting parallel partial evaluator has been observed to be faster than the sequential one in proportion to the size of the source program and to the number of specialized procedures in the residual program.Our sequential partial evaluator is self-applicable. Because the semaphores and the future are run-time operations, our parallel partial evaluator is still self-applicable. In principle it can be and in practice we have used it to generate parallel compilers, i.e., specializers dedicated to an interpreter and processing its static and dynamic semantics in parallel, non trivially. Again, parallelism in dedicated specializers is determined by the size of the source program and the number of specialized procedures in the residual program.This work was supported by Darpa under Grant N00014-88-k-0573.This work was carried out during a summer visit to Yale University in 1990. This paper was written at Kansas State University and completed during a spring visit at Carnegie Mellon University in 1993.     

压铸模CAD技术的研究与应用

介绍国内外压铸模CAD技术研究的进展和取得的成就，提出加快中国压铸模CAD技术研究与应用的进程的措施有：研究和开发自主的三维压铸模CAD系统；压铸模CAD系统的二次开发；提高软件的智能化、集成化和专业化程度。使开发系统具有良好的通用性和实用性。     

高校辅导员队伍建设的探索与实践

在长期的辅导员队伍建设过程中,“非职业化”、“非专业化”的普遍现象从根本上制约了辅导员队伍的建设。必须合理设定辅导员岗位角色,将学生事务管理与学生思想政治教育适度分离并相互促进,加快辅导员队伍建设的专业化、职业化和专家化进程。     

多样化与专业性的统一 ——美国麻省理工学院及哈佛大学研究生院建筑设计教学特色浅析

文章从网络串联教学、助教辅助教学、学生参与教学、专业课程设置、核心课程组织、毕业学位评定、定期成果总结及开拓国际视野八个方面来介绍美国麻省理工学院及哈佛大学研究生建筑设计教学特色。通过对两校在多样化与专业性不同侧重的分析,总结出哈佛大学从多样中孕育专业,而麻省理工学院在专业中寻求多样的不同方式,为我国建筑设计教学提供了两种相似但又不同的思路。     

A portable approach to dynamic optimization in run-time specialization

This paper proposes arun-time bytecode specialization (BCS) technique that analyzes programs and generates specialized programs at run-time in an intermediate language. By using an intermediate language for code generation, a back-end system canoptimize the specialized programs after specialization. The system uses Java virtual machine language (JVML) as the intermediate language, which allows the system to easily achieve practicalportability and to use existing sophisticated just-in-time (JIT) compilers as its back-end. The binding-time analysis algorithm is based on a type system, and covers a non-object-oriented subset of JVML. The specializer generates programs on a per-instruction basis, and can performmethod inlining at run-time. Our performance measurements show that a non-trivial application program specialized at run-time by BCS runs approximately 3–4 times faster than the unspecialized one. Despite the large overhead of JIT compilation of specialized code, we observed that the overall performance of the application can be improved. This paper is an extended version of “A Portable Approach to Generating Optimized Specialized Code”, inProceedings of Second Symposium on Programs as Data Objects (PADO-II), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2053, pp. 138–154, Aarhus, Denmark, May 2001.²³) Hidehiko Masuhara, D.Sc.: He is an Assistant Professor at Department of Graphics and Computer Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo. He received his B.S., M.S. and D.Sc. degrees from Department of Information Science, University of Tokyo in 1992, 1994, and 1999, respectively. His research interests are in programming languages, especially in mechanisms to support flexible and efficient computation such as dynamic optimization and reflection. He received the best-paper award from Information Processing Society of Japan in 1996. Akinori Yonezawa, Ph.D.: He is a Professor of computer science at Department of Computer Science, University of Tokyo. He received Ph.D. in Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1977. His current major research interests are in the areas of concurrent/parallel computation models, programming languages, object-oriented computing, and distributed computing. He is the designer of an object-oriented concurrent language ABCL/1 and the editor of several books and served as an associate editor of ACM Transaction of Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS). Since 1998, he has been an ACM Fellow.