Development of moment-rotation model equations for flush end-plate connections

This paper presents the development of Ramberg-Osgood and Three-Parameter Power model prediction equations for the moment-rotation (M-θ) behavior of flush end-plate connections with one row of bolts below tension and compression flanges. A finite element model (FEM) of the connection region along with the connected beam and column is developed for load deformation analyses, which included material, geometric, and contact nonlinearities. The FEM model was verified with test results conducted and reported for flush end-plate connections in the literature during the 1980s. A matrix of test cases was obtained by varying the geometric variables of flush end-plate connections within their practical ranges. The connection M-θ data for these test cases were obtained by FEM analyses, which were then curve fitted to Ramberg-Osgood and Three-Parameter Power model equations to obtain parameters defining these equations. Finally, prediction equations were developed for parameters of the model equations as functions of geometric variables of the flush end-plate connections.     

Evaluation of web compactness limits for singly and doubly symmetric steel I-girders

This paper presents the results of research aimed at evaluating the web compactness limit for steel I-girders. Specifically, the paper tests the implications of a new web compactness limit equation provided in the 2003 AASHTO LRFD specifications [AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. 3rd ed. Washington (DC): AASHTO; 2003 [in press]] versus the web compactness limit in the 2001 AASHTO LRFD specifications [AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. 2nd ed. Washington (DC): AASHTO; 1998 [with 2001 interims]] and 1999 AISC LRFD specifications [AISC. Manual of steel construction, load and resistance factor design, Chicago (IL); 2001]. In both the AASHTO and AISC specifications, these limits are required for the nominal moment capacity to equal the plastic moment capacity of the girder, provided other requirements are also satisfied.The origins of the AASHTO [AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. 3rd ed. Washington (DC): AASHTO; 2003 [in press]; AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. 2nd ed. Washington (DC): AASHTO; 1998 [with 2001 interims]] web compactness limits are presented along with a performance evaluation of these equations. Specifically, resulting moment capacities from a comprehensive suite of finite element analyses are compared to the capacities that the respective limits are intended to provide. Results indicate the AASHTO (2003) web compactness provisions provide a more accurate representation of girder strength than those in the AASHTO (2001) and AISC (1999) Specifications.     

Approximate analytical solutions for diagonal reinforced timber-framed walls with fibre-plaster coating material

This paper provides approximate analytical solutions for diagonally reinforced timber-framed panel walls usually used as main bearing capacity elements in the construction of prefabricated timber structures. These walls can be mathematically treated as composite elements made of a timber frame and fibre-plaster boards as a coating material. As boards are the weakest part of the system they are reinforced with steel diagonals. The proposed approximate analytical models with the fictitious thickness and width of fibre-plaster boards enable simultaneously to consider the influence of inserted steel diagonals, flexibility of mechanical fasteners between the boards and the timber frame and any appearing cracks in the tensile area of the fibre-plaster boards. The obtained numerical results show good agreement with the measured experimental results.     

Lateral–torsional buckling of cold-formed zed-purlins partial-laterally restrained by metal sheeting

This paper presents an analytical model for predicting the lateral–torsional buckling of cold-formed zed-purlins partial-laterally restrained by metal sheeting for both down and uplift loadings. The critical load is determined by using energy methods. The focus of the study is to investigate the individual influences of restraints provided by the sheeting and by interval anti-sag bars, the variation of moment distribution along the longitudinal axis, and boundary conditions on the lateral–torsional buckling behaviour of the purlin.     

Design of semi-continuous composite steel-concrete beams at the fire limit state

A two-dimensional temperature analysis procedure based on the finite element method (FEM) is described and applied to steel-concrete composite beams. A computer program developed for the analysis is detailed. A strategy is also proposed for incorporating the influence of the partial resistance of the composite connections in reducing the sagging moment at central regions of the beam spans when the beam is calculated as semi-continuous. Finally, an example problem is discussed, comparing the design uniformly distributed loads that can be supported by a composite beam calculated as semi-continuous and with simply supported spans. The temperature distribution due to fire at the central region of the spans is taken as in the simplified procedure proposed in European Prestandard ENV 1994-1-2 [ENV 1994-1-2. Eurocode 4, Design of composite steel and concrete structures — Structural fire design. Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN); 1994] and then obtained with the more rigorous calculation using the described numerical algorithm. It will be assumed that no ultimate limit state will occur due to shear force (web buckling) or due to bending moment at the hogging moment regions of the beam (web and bottom flange buckling or distortional lateral buckling).     

南京火车站钢屋盖斜拉索张拉的优化和调整

南京火车站主站房预应力钢屋盖采用桅杆斜拉索悬挂钢结构型式。本文通过拉索张拉分析,掌握结构特点和拉索索力相互影响程度,优化张拉方案,简便施工,并根据工程实际需要,调整张拉方案。     

钢筋砼柱-人字形钢梁结构设计中存在问题的讨论

目前单层工业厂房中,采用钢筋混凝土柱、柱顶铰接H钢人字形刚架梁的结构形式越来越多。而设计人员对这种结构形式认识不足,出现的问题不少,甚至是安全事故。本文旨在指出这种结构形式与门式刚架(钢柱、钢梁)的区别及设计时应注意的问题,起到抛砖引玉的作用,让大家共同来讨论。     

Experimental behaviour of stiffened concrete-filled thin-walled hollow steel structural (HSS) stub columns

Test results on concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns with inner or outer welded longitudinal stiffeners under axial compression are presented in this paper. The research was mainly focused on square hollow section (SHS) columns; two rectangular hollow section (RHS) columns were also tested. A longitudinal stiffener was provided on each side of the stiffened SHS column, while only two stiffeners were welded to the longer sides of the stiffened RHS column. The main experimental parameters considered were the height-to-thickness ratio and stiffener rigidity. In addition, empty tubes with or without stiffeners, as well as unstiffened concrete-filled steel tubes were also tested for comparison. Requirements for stiffener rigidity are developed by modifying a formula presented in the literature. Existing theoretical model and design codes were used to predict the load versus axial strain relationships and load-carrying capacities of the adequately stiffened composite sections respectively; reasonable results were achieved.     

钢渣机敏混凝土的性能研究

将钢渣掺入到水泥基体中,不仅起到增强作用,而且还可以改善其导电性。本文试验研究了钢渣水泥基材料在单轴压应力下的机敏性,并探讨了将其用作监测材料对混凝土内部损伤进行监控的可行性。结果表明,该导电混凝土在压应力作用下,电阻率的变化趋势可近似地符合二次多项式方程;随钢渣掺量增加,钢渣混凝土的机敏效应增强。     

钢与混凝土组合梁的发展、研究和应用

本文简要介绍了钢与混凝土组合梁的发展史,阐述了四类钢与混凝土组合梁的研究现状并提出了有待进一步解决的问题,列举了其在国内部分工程上的应用.