中国市场食品中反式脂肪酸含量现状调研

比较了中国市售食品中的反式脂肪酸(TFA)含量调研数据,包括家用烹调油、餐饮用油和常见含油食品产品.从市场购买样品,然后测定TFA含量并进行分析和比较.对133个品牌的581个家用烹调油样品进行了测定,包括调和油、大豆油、玉米油、葵花籽油、菜籽油、橄榄油、花生油、芝麻油、茶籽油等15个油种.结果发现87.52％的烹调油样品中TFA质量分数在2％以下.收集并测定了5个油种74个样品的餐饮用油,结果表明各油种的TFA质量分数为0.45％～ 1.68％,可见调查范围内餐饮用油的TFA维持在一个较低水平.而对蛋糕、面包、饼干、炸薯条、冰激凌、巧克力、爆米花、方便面、植脂末、植物奶油等各类常见含油食品共计9大类76个主要品牌的257个样品进行分析的结果则表明,其TFA含量与2005～2010年公开发表的市场调研数据相比有了大幅度的下降.蛋糕面包派、饼干两类产品的TFA质量分数高于1％(油基),其他产品中TFA的质量分数较低.对各类主要产品间TFA含量和种类的差异原因也进行了深入分析.     

反式脂肪酸的危害及其检测方法

随着美国肯德基停止使用反式脂肪酸决定的公布,反式脂肪酸又回到了人们的视野。本文对反式脂肪酸问题的始末,反式脂肪酸的性质、危害、来源,各国采取的控制措施、检测方法等多方面情况进行了介绍。     

Chemical studies of anthocyanins: A review

Anthocyanins are natural colorants which have raised a growing interest due to their extensive range of colours, innocuous and beneficial health effects. Despite the great potential of application that anthocyanins represent for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, their use has been limited because of their relative instability and low extraction percentages. Currently, most investigations on anthocyanins are focused on solving these problems, as well as their purification and identification.     

Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of pectic polysaccharide isolated from celery stalks

A pectic polysaccharide called apiuman was isolated from fresh celery stalks by extraction with an aqueous ammonium oxalate followed by ultrafiltration, and was shown to consist of d-galacturonic acid (GalA, 81.0%), l-rhamnose (Rha, 2.6%), l-arabinose (Ara, 2.5%), and d-galactose (Gal, 3.6%) residues. Apiuman was found to be digestible with α-1,4-d-galacturonase to yield d-GalA, thus confirming that apiuman represents a pectic polysaccharide. The purified apiuman (AG) obtained was subjected to ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose to produce two polysaccharide fractions, AG-1 and AG-2, which had similar sugar compositions. Partial acid hydrolysis of apiuman, AG, revealed galacturonan to be at the core of the macromolecule. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra indicated that the backbone of apiuman appeared to represent α-1,4-d-galacturonan, with considerable amounts of l-Rha residues involved by α-1,2-linkages in the linear chain of the macromolecule core. The side chains were found to consist of Ara and Gal attached at the 4-position of the Rha residues.