热通量传感器的应用及检定

通过对热通量传感器在新材料的研制及热分析仪参量测量领域的研究,分别给出了其在表面安装和热分析仪中的应用方法,并针对应用中出现的问题提出解决方案,同时通过比较法求解检定常数。给出了热通量传感器的检定方法,提出了热通量微观效应的概念,对埋入绝缘材料和表面镀金属层热偶的微观效应进行了分析。结果证明,周围材料的不同是影响检定误差的重要因素。     

燃烧合成TiC-Ni金属陶瓷的热膨胀特性

利用自蔓延高温燃烧合成结合机械压力方法制备了ＴｉＣ－Ｎｉ金属陶瓷,研究了ＴｉＣ－Ｎｉ金属陶瓷材料的热膨胀性质随温度和组成的变化关系。结果表明,材料的热膨胀系数随温度的升高单调递增,上升相同温度情况下,材料的热膨胀系数随Ｎｉ含量的增加而增加。     

热传导及其在航天器系统中的计算方法

热传导以及热问题是航天器以及内部有效载荷在工作时必须注意的问题。为了计算出航天器系统的温度分布,进行温度影响的分析,主要研究了热传递过程以及热传递在航天器中的实际数学模型,进行热分析计算的几种数值方法,并对热网络模型计算法和有限元模型计算法做了详细的论述。通过上述方法计算出了整个系统的温度分布,对后续的航天器热控提供了可靠的依据。     

循环工况转换过程中的燃料棒热应变分析

利用RELAP5程序建立分析模型,结合强迫循环工况转换自然循环工况的试验数据,对转换过程中的冷却剂温度变化速率和燃料棒的热应变进行计算分析.计算结果表明:结合RELAP5程序进行燃料棒的热应变分析是合适的;自然循环转换过程中燃料棒热应变的变化剧烈,对燃料棒的机械性能产生影响;结合RELAP5瞬态分析结果,也可以分析其他工况变化过程对燃料棒的热应力冲击问题.     

^60Co辐照对芳基乙炔预聚体热聚合物性能的影响

为了探讨辐照对芳基乙炔预聚体及聚芳基乙炔（PAA）性能的影响,采用^60Co对芳基乙炔预聚体及PAA进行辐照,并运用DSC和TGA对芳基乙炔预聚体热聚合过程和PAA的性能进行了研究。研究结果表明：（1）辐照的芳基乙炔预聚体聚合热减小;（2）经预辐照热聚合的PAA比未经预辐照直接热聚合的PAA的耐热性好;（3）PAA经辐照后处理,耐热性能提高。这些结果表明辐照能有效改善PAA的耐热性能。     

Experimental investigations and thermodynamic modelling of KCl–LiCl–UCl3 system

Experimental investigations and Gibbs energy modelling of KCl–LiCl–UCl₃ system employing CALPHAD method are reported. Gibbs energy modelling of the subsystems KCl–UCl₃ and LiCl–UCl₃ was carried out primarily using phase diagram data from the literature. For the Gibbs energy modelling of the KCl–LiCl subsystem, new phase boundary data corresponding to four terminal compositions $(x_{\mathrm{LiCl}}=0.03$, 0.05, 0.95 and 0.97) obtained through differential thermal analysis data along with thermochemical and phase diagram data from the literature were used. Thermal analysis was also carried out for KCl–LiCl eutectic mixture containing small amounts of UCl₃ $(x_{{\mathrm{UCl}}_3}=9.03\times {10}^{-3}$ and $1.79\times {10}^{-2}$). The liquidus temperatures for these compositions were found to be 637 K and 674 K. Electromotive force data for dilute solutions of UCl₃ in the KCl–LiCl eutectic melt, measured in the temperature range 708–833 K in the present work, were found to be in good agreement with the literature data. These data were also used as input for the Gibbs energy modelling of the KCl–LiCl–UCl₃ system. In order to improve the quality of the resulting Gibbs energy functions of the quasibinaries and the quasiternary, enthalpies of mixing of the corresponding melts estimated using an empirical correlation based on surrounded-ion model were also used as input. Finally, the generated Gibbs energy functions were used to compute phase equilibria.     

Case study of the impact of toecap type on the microclimate in protective footwear

Protective footwear plays a critical role in work effectiveness and personal safety. It exhibits special properties due to the use of protective elements and materials, but these components may deteriorate its hygienic characteristics. This paper presents a study on the influence of toecap type on the microclimate in protective footwear (ankle boots). Toecaps made of metal and of a composite polymer material were evaluated. Changes in the footwear microclimate were monitored using a thermal foot model at a perspiration rate of about 5 g/h with and without the simulated movement function. The influence of the toecap material on the microclimate in the footwear was analyzed statistically. Under conditions of simulated movement, higher temperature and relative humidity values (about 32 °C and 90%) were recorded in the toe region of ankle boots with metal toecaps as compared to composite polymer toecaps (about 29 °C and 53%, respectively). These results suggest that protective footwear with composite toecaps ensures better ventilation of the foot during work.     

协同式电子商务中感知技术的分析与设计

文中提出了电子商务中感知技术的概念,通过CSCW工作环境,构建协同电子商务平台,研究协同电子商务的通信协议和系统模型;对协同电子商务中的感知数据进行调查分析,构造出感知信息树;并在协同电子商务环境要求下以及感知信息的数据结构下,建立协同电子商务的结构和感知机制的协同控制模型。     

Simulation of thermally induced package effects with regard to piezoresistive pressure sensors

Microsystems are on their way out of laboratories into production. One of these microsystems, a piezoresistive pressure sensor developed by Robert Bosch GmbH, is examined within this paper. Obviously, one can detect undesirable temperature effects resulting from the sensor package, which influence the electrical characteristics of the sensor. By means of finite-element modelling (FEM), a simulation of the temperature effects can be managed. It is also possible to search for alternative designs of the sensor package.