面向城市规划的三维地理信息系统设计与实现

随着计算机、地理信息和虚拟现实技术的发展,将三维数字技术应用到城市规划工作中已经取得了较好的效果,开发建立三维地理信息系统服务于城市规划已经成为了城市规划信息化工作的新的方向标,获得了很多成功的经验。本文以面向城市规划的三维地理信息系统建设为研究对象,从三维建模要求、流程、构建过程等方面对三维场景的内容进行了说明,对建立面向城市规划的三维地理信息系统的设计与实现进行了论述,并对具体应用进行了介绍。     

中小山水城市绿地系统塑造城市特色的途径和方法

绿地是形成城市特色的重要组成部分,城市绿地系统与城市自然人文环境相结合是城市特色构建的一个重要方面。中小山水城市绿地系统规划在塑造城市特色方面具有独特的代表性。文章总结了中小山水城市的特色,提出绿地系统塑造城市特色的手法,并且以泾县为例来分析绿地系统塑造中小山水城市特色的手法。首先分析整理城市特色资源,对主要的关键词进行抽取比较,得到主要的城市特色;然后从整体出发为绿地系统定位,通过城市绿地系统结构布局强化城市山水环境;通过绿道体系的构建打造城市特色的展示体系;最后从树种规划的角度出发塑造城市的宣纸之都的城市特色.     

体育公园生态规划设计方法研究

随着我国社会经济发展,体育公园作为专类公园的一种已经越来越受到人们的重视。而如何规划建设好体育公园也逐渐成为一个新的设计命题。笔者将绿色生态与运动空间作为体育公园规划的两个基本空间要素,提出了协调＂绿＂、＂动＂空间的规划设计思路,最后从公园选址、规模等方面提出了相应的规划对策。     

体验经济时代常州恐龙园的创新战略初探——基于全员参与的视角

对于体验性较强的主题公园来说,实施创新战略是增强核心竞争力的重要手段。文章分析了常州恐龙园的环境,制定了体验经济时代主题公园创新战略目标,并提出了全员创新的概念及实施全员创新战略的相关措施,以推动和促进我国主题公园的健康发展。     

上海M50创意园区旅游开发初探

大城市老城区里的文化创意园区,因其独特的历史文化底蕴以及创意氛围而成为一个城市的地标性地段,吸引着人们前去参观游览。文章重点对上海M50创意园区进行旅游开发的优势与劣势进行了分析,发现在M50的旅游开发中,优势大于劣势,机遇大于挑战,园区进行旅游开发具有可行性;并针对M50旅游开发中存在的问题与挑战,提出了具体的开发措施。     

A hybrid model for real time simulation of urban traffic

In this paper a hybrid model is presented to predict the behavior of traffic in urban area. Intersections and on/off-ramps are modeled by Colored Timed Petri Nets while road links are modeled by a stochastic discrete time model. It is assumed that vehicle routings at each intersection are stochastic. A Particle Filter algorithm based on the hybrid model is developed to estimate the system state. The validation of the model by using real data is discussed. The limited computational effort required makes the model suitable to be used in simulation-based control schemes for urban traffic.     

径向基函数网络与GIS/RS融合的UGB预测

针对城市空间增长特点,探究城市扩展的规律,研究城市增长边界的计算和预测模型,这对于城市的发展规划具有重要的意义。然而,在国内外,关于城市增长边界方面的研究较少,首次提出利用人工神经网络、地理信息系统和遥感相结合的技术建立具有复杂几何形状的城市增长边界模型。通过数值实验结果表明,模型对城市未来增长边界的计算和预测准确度达80%～84%,结果表示直观、真实,能够为当前精明增长模式下的城市用地规划工作提供决策参考。     

E-Society Portal: Integrating Urban Highway Construction Projects into the Knowledge City

Community involvement is an important factor for sustainable highway construction. Information and communication technologies provide a new and more effective approach to facilitate community involvement. However, there are too many parameters with conflicting and subjective definitions related to sustainability and too many stakeholders with varying degrees of interest and sophistication. There is a need for an effective tool to communicate project impacts on sustainability to local communities. This paper presents an ontology for stakeholder management and sustainability in highway construction. An ontology is a conceptual semantic model that attempts to capture human knowledge (both explicit and tacit) in a consistent manner. Ontologies include three main elements: a taxonomy (common vocabulary presented in concept trees), set of relationships (linking concepts across trees), and axioms (limitation/constraints on the behavior of concepts). The ontology was used to develop a portal for broadcasting highway design features to local communities. By browsing through the portal, a user can learn about project elements, the impacts of each element on sustainability issues, who is sponsoring such element, and what efforts have been made to reduce any impacts of such elements on local communities.     

Pollution Buildup on Road Surfaces

Samples of sediment found on an urban road in Aberdeen (Scotland) were collected by washing designated surfaces. This method, called the “wet” method, was capable of collecting sediment of the smallest particle size range that is normally left behind by traditional sampling techniques using dry vacuuming. Over 17 months (mainly on a weekly basis), 66 samples were collected and analyzed for sediment loading, particle size distribution, concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) in four sediment size fractions, and several dissolved pollutants in the effluent collected from washing (NO3?,?SO42?,?PO43?,?Cl?,?F?,?NH4+, total organic carbon, total carbon). Standard statistical methods, including multiple regressions, were used to determine relationships amongst different sediment characteristics. It was found that sediment loading, as well as concentrations of Cl? and SO42?, were highest in the winter months, especially when snow was present on the road surface. It was observed that 66% of total road sediment loading was found within a 0.5 m strip next to the curb. The average sediment particle sizes found were smaller than those previously recorded in the literature. As expected, the concentrations of heavy metals were highest in the smallest particle size fraction analyzed (<63?μm), and this occurred during the summer months when less sediment was available on the street surface. The antecedent dry weather period had a very weak and negative influence on the loading rate of the smallest particle size fraction next to the curb.     

南京城市土壤磷的形态和吸附-解吸特征

研究了南京城市土壤有机磷、各形态无机磷的含量和比例以及磷的吸附 -解吸特性。结果表明 :随着土壤全磷含量的增加 ,Al-P、Fe -P、O -P、Ca -P含量、Al-P占全磷的比例增加 ,但有机磷占全磷的比例、Fe -P占全磷的比例减少 ;与非城区土壤相比较 ,城市土壤磷的吸附量低 ,磷的解吸量和解吸率高 ;城市土壤中Al -P的含量及其在全磷中的比例较高 ,而磷的吸附量低、解吸率高是导致城市地下水磷浓度偏高的重要原因之一。