消除非合金奥贝球铁中锰偏析的工艺

研究了消除非合金奥贝球铁中锰[w(Mn)=0.8%]偏析和不利影响的工艺措施。通过增加硅含量，强化孕育处理，降低奥氏体化温度及等温淬火后进行回火处理等措施，均可消除锰含量增高对组织和性能的不利影响。     

Effect of temperature and salt on the maturation of white-salted cheese

White-salted cheeses were prepared from ultrafiltered (UF) cows' milk and salted to give final salt-in-moisture (SM) levels of 2.5, 3.2 and 4.0%. The cheeses were stored at 5°C and 10°C for up to 15 weeks. The microflora was dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) but some mould growth was evident within 15 weeks at all SM levels and both temperatures. Levels of water-soluble nitrogen (WSN), attributed to chymosin activity, increased significantly with time, the rate being inversely proportional to the SM level and increasing with storage temperature. Similar effects were noted for trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen (TCA-SN) and free amino acid (FAA) levels, both of which would also be affected by bacterial protease activity. The proteolytic activity was reflected by changes in the hardness and fracturability of the cheeses.     

The Fabrication and Characterization of Single‐Component Polymeric White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes

By using Ni⁰‐mediated polymerization, we have systematically synthesized a series of fluorene‐based copolymers composed of blue‐, green‐, and red‐light‐emitting comonomers with a view to producing polymers with white‐light emission. 2,7‐Dibromo‐9,9‐dihexylfluorene, {4‐(2‐[2,5‐dibromo‐4‐{2‐(4‐diphenylamino‐phenyl)‐vinyl}‐phenyl]‐vinyl)‐phenyl}‐diphenylamine (DTPA), and 2‐{2‐(2‐[4‐{bis(4‐bromo‐phenyl)amino}‐phenyl]‐vinyl)‐6‐tert‐butyl‐pyran‐4‐ylidene}‐malononitrile (TPDCM) were used as the blue‐, green‐, and red‐light‐emitting comonomers, respectively. It was found that the emission spectra of the resulting copolymers could easily be tuned by varying their DTPA and TPDCM content. Thus with the appropriate red/green/blue (RGB) unit ratio, we were able to obtain white‐light emission from these copolymers. A white‐light‐emitting diode using the polyfluorene copolymer containing 3 % green‐emitting DTPA and 2 % red‐emitting TPDCM (PG3R2) with a structure of indium tin oxide/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)/PG3R2/Ca/Al was found to exhibit a maximum brightness of 820 cd m^–2 at 11 V with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.33,0.35), which are close to the standard CIE coordinates for white‐light emission (0.33,0.33).     

国画“留白”在包装设计中的运用

"留白"是中国绘画艺术中的一个非常重要的术语,被广泛的应用在中国传统的书画创作中。"留白"是艺术达成审美交流的中介机制,它深刻的展开了艺术的创作过程与接受过程的视野融合,具有极高的设计与文化价值,是现代包装设计师在设计思维和设计手法上可供学习和借鉴的宝库。本文从国画"留白"艺术的构成方法、风格、布置等角度进行了论述。总结了其设计特点和艺术手段,以通过对国画"留白"艺术设计理念的探讨对现代包装设计给予启发与引导。     

非部分嵌套信息结构的LQG动态队决策问题的可解性（II）*

本文讨论非嵌套信息结构的递阶队决策问题和控制均享信息结构的LQG分散控制问题,文中首先证明这两类问题的信息结构都是“部分控制嵌入”的,进而给出最优策略(或控制)存在的充要条件和当此条件成立时最优策略(或控制)的表达式。     

基于纹理分类的极化SAR图像滤波方法

关于雷达图像优化,提高分辨率的问题,场景较为复杂的图像,固有噪声图像效果不够理想,对具有不同统计特性的像素点缺乏精确的区分。由于传统参数估计方法降噪效果不足,为解决上述问题,提出了一种基于纹理特征分类的参数估计方法。首先计算极化总功率图像的灰度共生矩阵,并提取纹理特征矢量,用K均值聚类的方法进行分类。然后根据分类结果,在滑动邻域窗内选取与中心像素同类别的像素用于参数估计。实验结果表明,改进的纹理分类的滤波方法具有更好的降噪效果,对于复杂场景的极化SAR图像表现了较大的优越性。     

离心铸造汽缸套白斑产生机理

针对离心铸造汽缸套的白斑特征，以模拟试验手段探寻原因。用金属凝固理论解释白斑形成机理。经过装车试用，验证了白斑对摩擦性能的影响。     

Surface integrity in finish hard turning of case-hardened steels

Highly stressed steel components, e.g., gears and bearing parts, are appropriate applications for hard turning. Therefore, the process effects on significant engineering properties of work materials have to be carefully analyzed. Roughness, residual stresses, and white layers as parts of surface integrity, are functions of the machining parameters and of the cuttability of the cutting edge, i.e. of the tool wear.The aim of this work was to study the influence of feed rate, cutting speed, and tool wear on the effects induced by hard turning on case-hardened 27MnCr5 gear conebrakes and to point out the technical limitations in mass production.     

白油加氢装置技术改造

对抚顺石油化工分公司石化三厂白油加氢装置进行技术改造，通过调整加氢工艺，采用一段加氢工艺生产高品级的加氢尾油，再经分馏系统生产出多种优级品的白油，满足了市场需求，并创造了可观的经济效益和社会效益。     

Performance on agile teams: Relating iteration objectives and critical decisions to project management success factors

ContextWhile project management success factors have long been established via the golden triangle, little is known about how project iteration objectives and critical decisions relate to these success factors. It seems logical that teams’ iteration objectives would reflect project management success factors, but this may not always be the case. If not, how are teams’ objectives for iterations differing from the golden triangle of project management success factors?ObjectiveThis study identifies iteration objectives and the critical decisions that relate to the golden triangle of project management success factors in agile software development teams working in two-week iterations.MethodThe author conducted semi-structured interviews with members across three different agile software development teams using a hybrid of XP and Scrum agile methodologies. Iteration Planning and Retrospective meetings were also observed. Interview data was transcribed, coded and reviewed by the researcher and two independently trained research assistants. Data analysis involved organizing the data to identify iteration objectives and critical decisions to identify whether they relate to project management success factors.ResultsAgile teams discussed four categories of iteration objectives: Functionality, Schedule, Quality and Team Satisfaction. Two of these objectives map directly to two aspects of the golden triangle: schedule and quality. The agile teams’ critical decisions were also examined to understand the types of decisions the teams would have made differently to ensure success, which resulted in four categories of such decisions: Quality, Dividing Work, Iteration Amendments and Team Satisfaction.ConclusionThis research has contributed to the software development and project management literature by examining iteration objectives on agile teams and how they relate to the golden triangle of project management success factors to see whether these teams incorporate the golden triangle factors in their objectives and whether they include additional objectives in their iterations. What’s more, this research identified four critical decisions related to the golden triangle. These findings provide important insight to the continuing effort to better assess project management success, particularly for agile teams.