装配线仿真流程及其案例研究

针对目前装配线仿真研究缺少模型检验步骤而导致仿真结果不可信的问题,在总结目前装配线仿真研究的基础上,引入两次仿真模型有效性的检验过程,提出完整的装配线仿真流程。为验证该流程的有效性,以实际装配线为例,在分析布局与工艺流程的基础上,考虑物流线布局、瓶颈机器数量、AGV数量和AGV速度对产能的影响,设计并基于Plant Simulation软件建立24种方案。所有方案仿真模型有效性的检验通过后,通过比较各方案的产能与机器利用率得到最佳方案。仿真结果表明,优化后的产能较初始方案提升约227%,瓶颈机器利用率提升约51%,平均机器利用率提升约121%。所提仿真优化流程可行且有效,可为装配线仿真研究与应用提供指导,对其他生产领域的仿真研究也具有借鉴意义。     

Use of multiple objective evolutionary algorithms in optimizing surveillance requirements

This paper presents the development and application of a double-loop Multiple Objective Evolutionary Algorithm that uses a Multiple Objective Genetic Algorithm to perform the simultaneous optimization of periodic Test Intervals (TI) and Test Planning (TP). It takes into account the time-dependent effect of TP performed on stand-by safety-related equipment. TI and TP are part of the Surveillance Requirements within Technical Specifications at Nuclear Power Plants. It addresses the problem of multi-objective optimization in the space of dependable variables, i.e. TI and TP, using a novel flexible structure of the optimization algorithm. Lessons learnt from the cases of application of the methodology to optimize TI and TP for the High-Pressure Injection System are given. The results show that the double-loop Multiple Objective Evolutionary Algorithm is able to find the Pareto set of solutions that represents a surface of non-dominated solutions that satisfy all the constraints imposed on the objective functions and decision variables. Decision makers can adopt then the best solution found depending on their particular preference, e.g. minimum cost, minimum unavailability.     

浅谈ISO9000质量管理体系在膜厂的应用

扼要地叙述了ISO9000质量管理体系的八大质量管理原则在薄膜工厂的运用,以及如何与企业经营管理相结合,指出质量管理体系与企业其它管理体系融合的重要性。     

高精度扁钢轧制工艺技术及装备

介绍了抚顺特殊钢集团公司已投产的高精度扁钢生产线的工艺流程、引进奥地利GFM公司WF5-40轧机组的机械、液压、电控及工艺软件数学模型等技术。     

熔融锌铸型生产实践

通过生产试验研究了熔融锌铸型时的性质 ,同时讨论了生产 1t以上锌锭过程中出现的问题。     

葫芦岛锌厂铅锌密闭鼓风炉工程综述

介绍了铅锌密闭鼓风炉的工艺特点,重点叙述了葫芦岛锌厂I．S．P．工程在烧结焙烧、烟气制酸、鼓风炉熔炼、锌精馏、铅电解、自动化控制、环保、节能等方面所采用的先进技术和新设备。     

Spectral reflectance and emissivity features of broad leaf plants: Prospects for remote sensing in the thermal infrared (8.0-14.0 μm)

Field emissivity measurements were made of leaves collected from nine deciduous tree and agricultural plant species. The data show, for the first time, that it is possible to discriminate subtle spectral emissivity features of leaves from the natural background emission. Under conditions of controlled measurement geometry (leaves arranged to cover a flat surface), the field emissivity spectra agreed fairly well with emissivity values calculated from laboratory directional hemispherical reflectance measurements. Spectral features associated with a variety of leaf chemical constituents, including cellulose, cutin, xylan, silica, and oleanolic acid could be identified in the field emissivity data. Structural aspects of leaf surfaces also influenced spectral behavior, notably the abundance of trichomes, as well as wax thickness and texture.Field spectral measurements made at increasing distances from natural plant canopies showed progressive attenuation of the spectral emissivity features. This attenuation is ascribed to increased multiple scattering that superimposes an opposite-in-sign reflected component on the emittance, and to the increasing number of canopy voids within the instrument field of view. Errors associated with the removal of atmospheric features and with the non-isotropic thermal characteristics of canopies also contribute to the loss of spectral information at greater measurement distances.In contrast to visible and short-wave infrared data, thermal infrared spectra of broad leaf plants show considerable spectral diversity, suggesting that such data eventually could be utilized to map vegetation composition. However, remotely measuring the subtle emissivity features of leaves still presents major challenges. To be successful, sensors operating in the 8-14 μm atmospheric window must have high signal-to-noise and a small enough instantaneous field of view to allow measurements of only a few leaf surfaces. Methods for atmospheric compensation, temperature-emissivity separation, and spectral feature analysis also will need to be refined to allow the recognition, and perhaps, exploitation of leaf thermal infrared spectral properties.     

植物抗体基因工程：Ⅲ．马铃薯Y病毒小鼠中和抗体链基因的序列分析及其植物表达载体的构建

序列分析表明，马铃薯Ｙ病毒小鼠中和抗体轻链基因（Ｋ６）全长为９５６个核苷酸碱基（不包括ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）尾巴），其中包括５＇端非编码区３１个核苷酸碱基，编码轻链信号肽的５７个核苷酸碱基，编码成熟蛋白的６５７个核苷酸基和３＇端非编码区的２１１个核苷酸碱基。与已知的其它Ｋ轻链基因（ＭＲＫ１６）相比，核苷酸的序列同源性为９８．７％，由核苷酸序列所推导出的氨基酸序列同源性为９７．０％，其变异主要发生在三个抗原识别位点内（ＣＯＲ）。将完整的抗体轻链基因正向插入植物表达载体ｐＢ１２１中的原ＧＵＳ基因位置上，置于花椰菜花叶病毒３５Ｇ启动子控制之下，获得了能够在植物细胞内表达马铃薯Ｙ病毒中和抗体轻链基因的植物表达载体ｐＹＬ。     

日本福岛核电站事故泄漏放射性核素漂移扩散状况分析

利用自主研发的放射性核素大气扩散模拟计算软件RADCES模拟计算了日本福岛第一核电站事故泄漏放射性核素的漂移扩散情况,给出了放射性核素云团的漂移扩散路径及到达CTBT国际监测系统部分核素监测台站的时间。结果表明,理论预测放射性核素云团到达时间与台站监测到异常样品的时间基本一致。     

秦山核电基地外围植被中14C水平分布研究

为了解秦山核电基地外围¹⁴C的水平分布与规律,本文采用加速器质谱法（AMS）对秦山核电基地外围6.5 km以内的植物样品（苔藓、松针）与食物样品中的¹⁴C比活度进行测量。测量结果显示：苔藓样品的¹⁴C比活度范围为223.0～265.6 Bq/kg C（本底为223.8 Bq/kg C）,¹⁴C比活度随距排放点距离的增加呈降低的趋势,在距排放源6.5 km处达到了本底水平。与松针相比,苔藓更适合做核设施¹⁴C排放的指示植物。苔藓样品的¹⁴C比活度分布规律表明,¹⁴C气态污染物在大气中的扩散受地形和风向因素的影响。食物样品的¹⁴C比活度比参照样品高8.5～13.0 Bq/kg C（大米样品除外）,给当地公众带来的附加剂量为0.5 μSv /a。