贻贝中有机氯残留的气相色谱分析

建立了贻贝中有机氯农药残留的气相色谱法,方法检测限：666为0．315×10^-3mg／kg,DDT为4．60×10^-3mg／kg,分别添加5．0×10^-3、10．0×10^-3和50．0×10^-3mg／kg三个浓度水平加标回收范围为82．6—108％,RSD为1．03—7．84％。该方法具备较高的灵敏度和准确度,适合实验室分析。     

Diatom‐Inspired Silica Nanostructure Coatings with Controllable Microroughness Using an Engineered Mussel Protein Glue to Accelerate Bone Growth on Titanium‐Based Implants

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been utilized to construct bioactive nanostructures comprising surface topographic features and bioactivity that enhances the activity of bone cells onto titanium‐based implants. However, there have been no previous attempts to create microrough surfaces based on SiNP nanostructures even though microroughness is established as a characteristic that provides beneficial effects in improving the biomechanical interlocking of titanium implants. Herein, a protein‐based SiNP coating is proposed as an osteopromotive surface functionalization approach to create microroughness on titanium implant surfaces. A bioengineered recombinant mussel adhesive protein fused with a silica‐precipitating R5 peptide (R5‐MAP) enables direct control of the microroughness of the surface through the multilayer assembly of SiNP nanostructures under mild conditions. The assembled SiNP nanostructure significantly enhances the in vitro osteogenic cellular behaviors of preosteoblasts in a roughness‐dependent manner and promotes the in vivo bone tissue formation on a titanium implant within a calvarial defect site. Thus, the R5‐MAP‐based SiNP nanostructure assembly could be practically applied to accelerate bone‐tissue growth to improve the stability and prolong the lifetime of medical implantable devices.     

Mussel‐Inspired Immobilization of Catalysts for Microchemical Applications

Immobilization of photocatalytic TiO₂ nanoparticles inside PDMS‐based microreactors was successfully attempted by sequential mussel‐inspired surface engineering of microchannels by using CA‐PVP and commercially available TiO₂ nanoparticles, respectively. TiO₂‐immobilized microreactors accomplished continuous photocatalytic degradation of MB for up to 30 days without releasing TiO₂ nanoparticles from the surface of the microchannels, confirming the robustness of TiO₂‐immobilization in photocatalysis media. Regeneration of microreactors with diminished photocatalytic activities was also possible with simple strong acid treatment, enabling efficient cleaning of used microreactors.     

基于Zebra的IPv6路由的设计与实现

分析了路由软件Zebra的系统结构及其优点。介绍了Zebra的安装和配置过程,并给出了常用的路由命令。最后,基于Zebra实现了一个校园IPv6试验网的路由拓扑。     

Optically and biologically active mussel protein-coated double-walled carbon nanotubes

A method of dispersing strongly bundled double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) via a homogeneous coating of mussel protein in an aqueous solution is presented. Optical activity, mechanical strength, as well as electrical conductivity coming from the nanotubes and the versatile biological activity from the mussel protein make mussel-coated DWNTs promising as a multifunctional scaffold and for anti-fouling materials.     

Characteristics of a refuge for native freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Lake St. Clair

The Lake St. Clair delta (∼ 100 km²) provides an important refuge for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) wherein 22 of the ∼ 35 historical species co-occur with invasive dreissenids. A total of 1875 live unionids representing 22 species were found during snorkeling surveys of 32 shallow (∼ 1 m) sites throughout the delta. Richness and density of unionids and zebra mussel infestation rates varied among sites from 3 to 13 unionid species, 0.02 to 0.12 unionids/m², and < 1 to 35 zebra mussels/unionid, respectively. Zebra mussel infestation of unionids in the delta appears to be mitigated by dominant offshore currents, which limit densities of zebra mussel veligers in nearshore compared to offshore waters (13,600 vs. 28,000/m³, respectively). Glycogen concentrations in the tissues of a common and widespread species in the delta (Lampsilis siliquoidea) suggest that zebra mussels may be adversely affecting physiological condition of unionids in a portion of the Lake St. Clair delta. Physiological condition and community structure of unionids within the delta may also be influenced by differences in food quantity and quality resulting from the uneven distribution of water flowing from the St. Clair River. The delta likely supports the largest living unionid community in the lower Great Lakes and includes several species that have been listed as Endangered or Threatened in Canada and/or the state of Michigan, making it an important refuge for the conservation of native unionids.     

Oligochaete Fauna of Western Lake Erie 1961 and 1982: Signs of Sediment Quality Recovery

The oligochaete fauna at 40 stations in western Lake Erie were collected in 1982 and compared to oligochaete fauna collected similarly in 1961. A total of 34 taxa, representing 18 Tubificidae and 16 Naididae, were identified. Changes in the proportions of low, moderate, and heavy polluted sediments, as determined by ranges of total numbers of oligochaetes, indicate that, in general, heavy pollution substantially decreased near shore and moderate pollution increased and low pollution decreased in open waters over the 21-year comparison. The most common taxon, the eutrophic species, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, decreased in abundance in open water, indicating decreased eutrophication, whereas the distribution and abundance of other indicator taxa, including the eutrophic species L. maumeensis, L. cervix, Quistadrilus multisetosus multisetosus, and mesotrophic species Ilyodrilus templetoni and three species of Aulodrilus indicate increased eutrophication in open water. In general, oligochaete trophic indices (based on tubificid species and abundances) in traditional area designations used in 1961, the nearshore designation (<3.5 km from shore), and areas defined by cluster analysis confirm results of less eutrophic substrates near shore. However, traditional analysis indicates that low pollution was replaced by moderate pollution in open waters and cluster analysis indicates that the zone of least detectable pollution increased in open waters over the 21-year comparison. It may be that the open waters of western Lake Erie were in a stage of transition between pollution designations when sampled in 1982. The present study is valuable because it provides a baseline to assess environmental changes observed in western Lake Erie after many years of pollution abatement programs and before the exponential increase in densities of the trophic shifting zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha.     

Antioxidative activity of a low molecular weight peptide derived from the sauce of fermented blue mussel, Mytilus edulis

In order to identify nutraceutical functions of fermented fish and shellfish sauces, which are highly appreciated in food products in South-East Asia, the antioxidative activity of fermented blue mussel sauce (FBMS) was investigated. The blue mussel was fermented with 25% NaCl (w/w) at 20±0.5 °C for 12 months and the fermented sauce was passed bimonthly through a 40-mesh sieve, desalted using an electrodialyzer, and then lyophilized. The antioxidative activity of FBMSs was investigated and compared with that of a natural antioxidant, -tocopherol standing as a reference. Using consecutive chromatographic methods, the antioxidative peptide with a molecular mass of 620 Da was purified from 6-month-fermented sauce, and its sequence of the peptide was FGHPY. In addition, 64.8 M of the purified peptide could scavenge 89.5% of hydroxyl radical in radical scavenging assay using electron spin resonance spectroscopy.     

沼虾饲料中贻贝液与植物油脚的最适添加量

通过对在罗氐沼虾饲料中，贻贝制品废弃液和植物油脚的不同添加量的投饲试验，以体长增长和个体质量增加以及成活率为指标，经统计分析，结果表明：饲料中最经济且有效的添加量为贻贝液与油脚各添加１％～２％，相应的胆固醇质量分数为２．２×１０（－３）～３．７８×１０（－３）。     

丹东河蚌抗癌成分结合型多糖的提取

利用丹东地区河蚌(褶纹冠蚌),经匀浆,2450MHz、550W微波处理,80~85℃加热,过滤后,滤渣在pH 2.0~2.5条件下,于40~45℃用胃蛋白酶水解,提取具有抗癌活性的结合型多糖,纯度91.5%,收率1.4%。