电磁式电压互感器的铁磁谐振仿真研究

在中性点不接地配电系统中,由于电磁式电压互感器(PT)励磁电感的非线性特性,会在一定条件下产生铁磁谐振,影响系统的安全运行。笔者以ATP-EMTP仿真软件对铁磁谐振及多种消谐措施进行了仿真分析和综合比较,结合仿真分析及实际工程应用情况,认为在众多消谐措施中PT一次侧中性点接消谐器和4PT接线方式是比较好的消谐方法。     

输电线路杆塔接地设计

本文以四川省甘孜州九龙县某220kV线路12基杆塔接地网的改造为案例,提出在高土壤电阻率地区地网施工中,降阻剂多层施工方法和在水平射线末端增加抑制环的措施,可有效降低输电线路杆塔的接地电阻、地电位、接触电压,为输电线路杆塔的接地设计提供参考。     

Hidden failure identification and protection of multi‐grounding fault in secondary circuit of potential transformer

Hidden failures as potential faults in relay protection are lethal for power systems. Multi‐grounding fault in the secondary circuit of a potential transformer (PT) is a typical hidden failure. When this hidden fault happens, zero‐sequence voltage of computer relaying will shift. Then it will result in the mis‐operation of zero‐sequence directional protection, which may cause a cascading failure. In this paper, we analyze the impact on zero‐sequence directional protection caused by multi‐grounding fault first. Then in order to solve the problem, we analyze the characteristic of the affected voltage and current. We find that the zero‐sequence voltage of the special phase is in phase with its negative sequence voltage under normal circumstance, but this is not true in this hidden failure. As a consequence, we propose an identification method of multi‐grounding fault in a PT and a new zero‐sequence direction algorithm that can avoid the mis‐operation of the zero‐sequence directional protection. Finally, the results of simulation prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the identification method and the new zero‐sequence direction algorithm. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

钙锡含量对铅钙合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

为了研究铅钙合金中,锡钙含量对其耐腐蚀性能的影响,笔者设计并配制了不同锡钙含量的铅钙合金试样。通过对试样的腐蚀电位、腐蚀阻抗、析氢过电位的测试,结果表明:在铅钙合金中,随着锡含量的上升和钙含量的降低,合金的耐腐蚀性和析氢过电位都有所提高。     

城区变电站地电位模拟测试研究

在城市电力建设中,研究故障入地电流产生的地电位分布特点,防止地电位升高对电信设施和计算机系统产生的危险影响十分重要.由于城区存在大量地下金属管线和建筑物,建立有效的地电位计算模型相当困难.文章采用大电流变频法对城区变电站的地电位分布进行了模拟测试;分析了地下金属管线、建筑物的钢筋混凝土地基、变电站附近的其它接地网以及与变电站相连的电缆金属护套对地电位分布的影响;还指出了在城市电力建设中为减小地电位应注意的问题.     

高压输电线路用复合绝缘子电位和电场分布的计算与改善

采用模拟电荷法和有限元法计算高压线路用复合绝缘子的电场分布和电位分布，讨论了改善复合绝缘子电场和电位分布的措施。为验证计算结果，还进行了复合绝缘子的电位分布试验。     

雷击时10～35 kV电压互感器多相熔丝熔断的原因分析

本以110kV淤溪变电站为例，论述了中性点不接地系统中电压互感器一次侧熔丝在雷击时熔断的各种原因和处理方法，重点阐明了安装在电压互感器一次绕组中性点的消谐电阻不能限制电压互感器入口电容冲击电流的原理，并用此理论解释了1998年3月江苏省沿江地区变电站数百相次10～35kV电压互感器熔丝熔断这一典型现象。     

三电平中点箝位式逆变器SVPWM方法的研究

本文论述了三电平中点箝位式逆变器SVPWM原理和实现方法,为了避免三电平逆变器在扇区切换中输出矢量突变,提出了一种首发矢量全部采用正小矢量或负小矢量的空间矢量调制算法,利用三个判断规则,可以很方便地确定出参考矢量所在的扇区和小三角形,并给出了合成矢量的相应输出电压矢量,推导了三角形顶点工作矢量的作用时间.通过检测负载电流方向和直流电容的电压,合理分配正负小矢量对的作用时间,实现了电容电压的平衡.仿真研究结果证实了本文提出的空间矢量调制算法的有效性.     

以降低跨步电压为目标的直流多环接地极电流配比的优化

为有效降低高压直流接地极的跨步电压,减小其设计尺寸和建设成本,以直流双环接地极为例,提出了一种采用强制均流电阻降低多环接地极跨步电压最大值的方法。基于电磁场理论以及对水平多环结构接地极地表跨步电压分布特性的分析,研究了双环接地极电流配比与跨步电压峰值之间的变化关系,寻求各环电流的最优配比,使整体跨步电压最大值降到最低。最后,通过实验验证了该方法的应用效果。分析和实验结果表明,通过均流电阻调节电流配比,能够有效降低接地极的跨步电压,且对接地极本身性能的影响较小,具有工程实用价值。     

基于土地电离特性的无边界接地系统有限元模型分析(英文)

The aim of this paper is to calculate accurately the grounding performance of an unbounded grounding system under high-magnitude fault current.In this work,a finite element model is presented to compute the characteristic parameters of the grounding system in frequency domain.The ionization phenomenon in the soil surrounding the grounding electrode is taken into account by setting the resistivity of every soil element while the resistivity of each element is varying with the electric field intensity;not a priori hypothesis on the geometrical shape of the ionized region around the electrodes has to be enforced.Open boundaries of the grounding system are represented by introducing a spatial transformation formulation,which translates the semi-infinite space into the finite space without shortening the domain as in the traditional approach.The suggested modeling is validated by comparison of the calculated results,which are laid out for grounding rod and grounding grid,with experimental and simulation results found in literature.