Ruins and Revival: Paris in the Aftermath of the Second World War

Although many devastated European cities have been studied, the bombing and reconstruction of key industrial sites and certain suburban residential zones in greater Paris have received little scholarly attention. Using archival sources, this article explores both destruction and reconstruction, and traces how homeless families shared apartments or endured years of 'temporary' accommodation in huts and other shelters. Post-war economic planning in France privileged the restoration of industrial and commercial sites; rebuilding of housing by the state, by housing co-operatives and by individual property owners received less support and progressed far more slowly. Today, the visual legacy of reconstruction is easily confused with that of completely new post-war apartments; however its origin, if not its architecture, is distinctively different and merits recognition in its own right.     

II. Yeast sequencing reports. Sequence of a segment of yeast chromosome II shows two novel genes,one almost entirely hydrophobic and the other extremely asparagine-serine rich

A 3·2 kb EcoRI fragment of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was entirely sequenced. Two new open reading frames were identified. The first is extremely hydrophobic, and would likely be an integral membrane protein. It has significant similarity to only one reported gene, a gene of unknown function from Drosophila melanogaster. The second ORF is asparagine-rich and very serine-rich, with a remarkable stretch of nearly 26 consecutive asparagine residues comprised of the same codon. It has no significant similarity to any reported gene. The fragment maps to chromosome II on the left arm between the CDC27 and ILS1 loci. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the GenBank database with the Accession Number M89908.     

Crystalline and viscoelastic properties of branched polyethylenes synthesized using bidentate nickel (II) catalyst

In this work, five branched polyethylenes with different branching units were synthesized using bidentate nickel (II) catalyst containing -diimine ligands. For comparison, one linear polyethylene was also prepared using tridentate iron (II) catalyst containing -diimine ligand. The crystalline structure of the polyethylenes was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized optical microscope. The crystalline properties were also measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Viscoelastic properties of the polyethylenes were investigated using rheometric dynamic analyzer. The DSC and XRD results showed that highly branched polyethylenes exhibit no melting points and no predominating crystalline forms, while the linear polyethylene exhibits clear orthorhombic (110) and (200) reflections on XRD pattern and a clear melting point at 118 °C. The viscoelastic properties of the branched polyethylenes were very complicated due to the combined effect of the molecular weight difference and the degree of chain branching as well as the branching structure.     

Effects of thermal oxidation conditions of silicon electrodes on cathodic electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)3 chelate

Hot electrons emitted from thin oxide film-coated heavily doped silicon electrodes by cathodic pulse polarization can induce electrochemiluminescence from luminophores. The intensity of electrochemiluminescence produced at the electrode surface is dependent on the features of thin oxide films formed by thermal oxidation. As a preliminary study, we investigated the effect of thermal oxide growth conditions on the intensity of electrochemiluminescence produced at these electrodes, such as oxidation atmospheres, oxidation temperature, oxidation time and pre-treatment of wafers, using ruthenium(II) tris-(2,2′-bipyridine) chelate as a model luminophore. Optimal oxidation conditions of heavily doped silicon electrodes were obtained for the generation of intense electrochemiluminescence at this kind of silicon electrodes.     

Heat transfer and flow of He II in narrow channels

Heat transfer and fluid flow of He II in a long, narrow channel connected to a bath that supplies a constant supply of heat have been investigated by numerical simulations by using the simplified model of Kitamura et al. [Cryogenics 37 (1) (1997) 1]. Such channels are used to cool compact, stable, low-temperature magnets. The fluid flow is driven by natural convection and the mutual friction between the normal fluid and the superfluid.In this model, the thermomechanical effect and the Goter-Mellink mutual friction balance each other. A consequence of this balance is that the velocity and temperature distributions of He II can be characterized by a dimensionless, dependent parameter equal to the ratio of the fluid speeds of internal convection to the total fluid flow. After a sudden application of heat flux, the internal convection dominates over the total fluid flow until the establishment of steady-state temperature gradients. This predicts that the time required to set up the steady-state total fluid flow is proportional to the total heat capacity in the channel.     

Concomitant Crystallization of Copper(II) Sachharinato Complexes with 2-methylpyrazine as a Monomer and an One-dimensional Polymer: Syntheses,Crystal Structures,Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties

The reaction of [Cu(sac)₂(H₂O)₄] · 2H₂O with 2-methylpyrazine (mpyz) leads two complexes, concomitant crystallization of a mononuclear complex [Cu(sac)₂(mpyz)(H₂O)₂] (1) and a polymeric complex [Cu(sac)₂(μ-mpyz)]_n (2). Both complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic measurements, FT-IR and ESR, TG-DTA and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray analyses show that complex 1 consists of discrete molecules in which the copper(II) ions exhibits a square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The individual molecules of 1 are connected into a hydrogen-bonded chain structure, which is further assembled to form a three-dimensional network by π–π stacking interactions. Complex 2 is an 1D coordination polymer in which copper(II) centers are bridged by the mpyz ligand. The chains are further assembled to form two-dimensional frameworks by π–π and C–H···π stacking interactions.     

一种用QuartusII实现的电子钟系统

对EDA技术的两种软件平台QuartusII和原有的MAX PlusII软件进行了比较，并利用QuartusII软件平台实现了电子钟系统的设计；该电子钟系统能精确计时并显示时间；有复位开关、设定开关和调整按钮可使系统复位及进行时间设定和调整。     

An efficient controller structure with minimum roundoff noise gain

Based on a polynomial operator approach, a new sparse controller structure is derived, which is actually an improved version of the recently proposed structure [Li, G. (2004). A polynomial-operator-based DFIIt structure for IIR filters. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II, 51, 147-151]. The performance of the proposed structure is analyzed by deriving the corresponding expression of roundoff noise gain and the problem of finding optimized sparse structures is solved efficiently with a genetic algorithm (GA). A numerical example is given, which shows that the newly developed structure can achieve much better performance than some well-known structures and particularly outperforms the traditional optimal fully parametrized realization greatly in terms of reducing roundoff noise and implementation complexity.     

Interfacial activity and rate of palladium(II) extraction with decyl pyridine monocarboxylates

Decyl isonicotiniate and decyl nicotiniate permit a rapid extraction of palladium(II) from its hydrochloride solutions. Decyl picoliniate is not a suitable extractant. 4-Octylphenylamine can act as a phase transfer catalyst when its concentration in the organic phase is at least 2·5 × 10^?4 M . It seems that the interfacial adsorption of pyridine carboxylates and of 4-octylphenylamine is not the decisive phenomenon in palladium(II) extraction. The negligible protonation of the pyridine-type extractants and the phase transfer catalysis explains well the quick extraction of palladium(II) with the commercial and highly hydrophobic extractant ACORGA CLX-50.     

基于SOPC的网络视频监控系统的设计

提出一种以Nios Ⅱ软核处理器为核心,利用SOPC技术构建硬件平台,采用H.263协议压缩视频数据的网络视频监控系统设计方案;详细分析了系统的功能需求,确定了系统设计的总体方案;按照模块化的思想,设计了各个功能模块,并给出了网络芯片DM9000A电路的具体实现,利用μClinux中的TCP/IP协议栈进行数据通信,分析H.263视频编码协议基本原理,提出在硬件上实现H.263协议的设计方法;实验结果显示系统的网络视频传输速率达到25～30fps,满足实时性的要求.本设计方法灵活、成本较低、易扩展,具有一定的实用价值.