含水层储气库的选址评价指标和分级标准及可拓综合判别方法研究

 综合本领域相关研究成果和全球现有储气库数据库资料,建立含水层储气库选址评价的目标层次结构模型,提出储气库选址评价体系中各基本指标的等级划分标准;借助物元可拓性定性方法和可拓关联函数定量方法,建立含水层储气库选址评价的层次分析法--可拓学评价模型。将这套评价方法在华北水层建库工程中进行应用,评价结果表明,大5目标区和葛2目标区属于适宜库址,评价结果与专家论证意见一致,验证了评价标准和评价方法的可靠性和合理性。研究成果对国内含水层储气库选址具有一定的指导意义。     

脉冲袋式除尘器在输送带燃烧烟气除尘处理中的应用

煤矿输送带燃烧烟气中主要有二氧化硫、氮氧化合物及炭墨颗粒物等污染物,为使其烟气排放指标达到国家规定的标准,在除尘工艺设计中采用了脉冲袋式除尘器。该除尘器不仅除尘与清灰的一体化效率高,二次污染少,而且操作维护简便。经测试,达到设计指标,其排放烟气中的炭黑颗粒也达到了国家二级排放标准,实际应用中已取得了良好的效果。     

全球铬矿石资源国对中国供应安全度分析

近年来,中国铬矿石年均进口量维持在1 000万t的高位,我国目前主要铬资源进口国为南非、哈萨克斯坦、印度、阿尔巴尼亚、土耳其、伊朗六国,2017年这六国对我国供应占比分别为72.3%、8%、3.4%、2.1%、1%、0.6%;政治因素、资源量和产量会成为影响我国铬矿资源稳定供应的主要因素。本文分析了六国的储量、产量、对华出口量、运输距离及地缘政治的情况,利用决定系数和多样性指数建立模型并进行定量分析,得出我国未来铬矿石进口国优先顺序依次为南非、哈萨克斯坦、印度、阿尔巴尼亚、土耳其、伊朗。该模型未将突发事件的影响列入考虑,结果只适用于当前政治经济局势环境中。根据上述结果,提出我国未来应保持与南非、哈萨克斯坦两国的贸易合作并探索与其他国家进行更进一步合作的资源配置方案,在全球铬矿生产国进行投资建厂、完善全球铬矿资源布局;并提出了未来10～15年我国铬矿布局建议,控制全球产能15%;主要规划产能分布在南非、伊朗、阿曼、哈萨克斯坦四国。     

Effect of winds in a mountain pass on turbine performance

Mountain passes are potentially advantageous sites for the deployment of wind turbines because of road links and electrical transmission infrastructure. However, relatively little is known about wind characteristics and turbine response in these environments. Using hub height wind data from a mountain pass in Switzerland, this paper discusses the causes of the observed pass winds and how a generic wind turbine might perform in those conditions. During 3 months of winter measurements, the winds in the pass showed signatures of forcing by regional pressure gradients rather than local cooling or heating. Turbulence intensity was often less than 10%, and the magnitude of the wind shear power law exponent was less than 0.1. To understand the impact of pass winds on a wind turbine, we simulated a Wind Partnership for Advanced Component Technologies 1.5 MW wind turbine using the Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence (FAST) aeroelastic simulator , forced by artificial wind fields of varying turbulence intensity and shear generated by the turbulence simulator TurbSim. We used the turbine simulation data to train a regression model that is used to predict the turbine response to the pass wind time series. Results showed that depending on long‐term wind characteristics, wind turbines in the pass may perform differently than predicted using a power curve derived from test measurements at another location. This method of generating site‐specific energy capture predictions could be combined with long‐term wind resource data and specific turbine models to better predict the energy production and turbine loads at this, or any other site. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于新工科标准的本科工程人才培养质量影响因素调查

探索新工科人才培养质量的标准及其影响因素是“新工科”研究的重要内容。文章分别以学生传统课业成绩和新工科标准表现为因变量,基于本科工程人才培养质量影响因素框架,探讨了不同类型课程学分、课堂教学、教师教学、学生自身学习、课堂外学习、同侪等因素对两者的影响及其这些影响的差异性,为进一步提高工科人才培养质量提供了实证依据。     

可怕的标准

人类知识发展的过程,就是一个不断地解释的过程,并不存在绝对的对与错、是与非。我们的教育、考试,却总要用标准答案把求知者都引到唯一“正确”的轨道上来。其结果便是思想的独特性、创造力、想象力的丧失。     

构建中国的“航海城市”——青岛与深圳航海规划实践的启示

通过国际知名航海城市的案例分析,研究其核心发展理念,以青岛和深圳的规划实践作为标本,探索如何使滨海城市海岸赢得并保持长远的竞争优势,实现城市海岸的再生,构建中国特色的航海城市。     

放射性废物管理的法规标准

介绍了美国、法国、英国、俄罗斯、国际原子能机构(IAEA)和我国的放射性废物管理法规标准现状,分析了我国放射性废物管理法规标准体系中存在的问题,并提出了相应的建议.     

Food legislation and its harmonization in Russia

Bringing Russian legislation into compliance with international norms and standards is necessary after its accession to the World Trade Organization. Harmonization of food legislation and of sanitary and phytosanitary measures are among the problems that had to be solved first. Many Russian food and trade regulations had been changed or are still in the process of being reformed, largely owing to a policy of integration pursued by the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. However, as a member of the Eurasian Economic Community, Russia is also engaged not only in harmonization throughout the Customs Union but also Kirgizstan and Tajikistan, and Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine as observer countries. Russia also continues to coordinate policy reforms closely with the European Union, its primary trade partner, ultimately bringing Russian food and sanitary norms closer to international standards (e.g. Codex). Today, all participants in the Russian food production chain, processing and sale of foods have to deal with growing numbers of security standards. Many organizations are certified under several schemes, which leads to unnecessary costs. Harmonization of standards has helped promote solutions in the domestic market as well as import–export of foods and raw materials for production. Priorities have included food safety for human health, consumer protection, removal of hazardous and/or adulterated products and increased competition within the domestic food market as well as mutual recognition of certification in bilateral and multilateral (inter)national agreements. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

固相萃取和同位素内标法检测白酒中氨基甲酸乙酯

建立白酒中氨基甲酸乙酯的气相色谱-质谱快速测定方法。样品添加同位素内标后,经氨基甲酸乙酯专用萃取柱净化,随后浓缩并定容检测。用气相色谱-质谱选择氨基甲酸乙酯监测离子：62,74,89,其中定量离子为62。D5-氨基甲酸乙酯监测离子：64,76,89,其中定量离子为64。结果表明氨基甲酸乙酯定量分析在0.02～0.5 μg/mL时呈良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.999以上,检出限1.0 μg/kg,在添加了三个浓度梯度的情况下平均回收率为94.9%～95.5%,RSD≤10%。结果表明,该方法迅速可靠,适合白酒中氨基甲酸乙酯的检测。