THERMOGRAPHIC ASPECT ON LOADING A THIN-WALL PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL

The infrared emission of a high pressure vessel steel and two thin wall pressure vessel modelshave been investigated by use of vibro-thermography.The experimental infrared cracklengths were found to be agreed closely with the optical values during fatigue process.A possi-ble nondestructive testing method used to evaluate the pressure vessel has been given.     

光纤声发射传感技术的进展

介绍光纤声发射传感技术的研究现状和最新进展。综述和评价了基于强度调制、相位调制、波长调制、偏振调制和一些新型调制原理的光纤声发射传感技术，介绍了应用实例，最后提出了目前光纤声发射传感技术研究中急需解决的问题和发展趋势。     

Synergistic influence of alloy grain size and Si content on the oxidation behavior of 9Cr−1Mo steel

The synergistic influence of prior-austenite grain size and silicon content of 9Cr–1Mo steel on the resistance to scale spallation has been studied in air at 773 K (for 500 hr) and 973 K (12 hr). Two steels, irrespective of their grain size and Si content, did not show spallation during oxidation at 773 K. Spallation occurred at 973 K, and fine-grain steels exhibited less spallation resistance than coarse-grain ones (in low-as well as high-Si steels). Among the four possible combinations of grain size ans Si content, the steel with low Si and fine grains showed least resistance to spallation, while the steel with high Si and coarse grains showed the best resistance. Spallation was found to initiate in the areas adjoining the oxide ridges formed at the alloy grain boundaries. Oxide scales at the ridges and within the grains were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). These analyses suggest depletion of silicon from the areas adjoining grain boundaries, resulting in thicker scaling that triggers spallation in such areas. For similar grain-size materials, the necessary thickness for spallation was attained earlier with low-Si steel rather than in high-Si steel.     

电弧超声焊缝跟踪的试验研究

利用声发射探头接收的电弧超声信号进行焊缝跟踪检测。结果表明：对称位置接收到的声发射信号的相位差和幅值差可以作为电弧超声焊缝跟踪的依据。     

碳素材料内部缺陷检测方法的探讨

讨论了产生碳素制品不均质结构和决定材料性能的影响因素,以及由此而产生的结构缺陷对材料内部质量检测的影响。论述了超声波、X射线及声发射三种无损检测方法在碳素材料内部质量检测中的应用状况。在此基础上,通过大量实验,分析对比了三种检测方法在碳素材料内部质量检测中不同的检测效果。提出了超声波脉冲回波法不适合检测碳素制品的内部缺陷,超声波波速分析法适合检测碳素制品均质结构。X射线法是适合定量评价碳素制品内部缺陷的方法。     

Influence of diurnal and seasonal temperature variations on the detection of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission

Chloride rich reinforced concrete prisms were coupled to chloride-free prisms and exposed to diurnal and seasonal temperature cycles typical of those found in the UK. Acoustic emissions (AE) and galvanic currents were continuously monitored and correlated with ambient temperature. AE and galvanic currents were found to emulate the evolution of temperature in the diurnal cycles, although no specific relationship between AE and galvanic current could be obtained. The influence of seasonal variations in galvanic current had no obvious influence on AE Energy per second over the range of corrosion rates studied. The findings suggest that AE is more sensitive to short term (diurnal) changes in corrosion rates than the longer (seasonal) effects. It was hypothesised that this is due to transitory changes in the internal microclimate of the concrete.     

计算机辅助声发射源检测定位系统

针对普通声发射（ＡＥ）检测仪缺乏源定位功能，开发了计算机辅助ＡＥ源检测定位系统，并详细论述了该系统的组成、接口、源定位算法和程序、剔除噪声等问题     

Evolution of patinas on copper exposed in a suburban area

Copper plates were exposed under sheltered outdoor conditions for up to one year, starting in September 2001 in Musashino City, Tokyo, a suburban area. Following various periods of exposure, the patinas on the plates were characterized to investigate their evolution by using X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. The difference in the roles of sulfur and chlorine in the early stages of copper patination were identified by analyzing the depth profiles of these two elements. Sulfur was found on top of the patina as cupric sulfates such as posnjakite (Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆ · H₂O) or brochantite (Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆). Brochantite appeared only after 12 months of exposure. In contrast, chlorine was found on the surface after only one month of exposure. It gradually penetrated the patina as the exposure period lengthened, forming copper chloride complexes. Chloride ions accumulated at the patina/copper interface, forming nantokite (CuCl), which promoted corrosion.     

Simulations of the dielectric constant of bonding materials and field emission properties of CNT cathodes

The effect of the dielectric constant (k) of bonding materials in a screen-printed carbon nanotube (CNT) cathode on the field enhancement factor was investigated for high-efficiency CNT cathodes using the ANSYS software. The values obtained by a simulation study were compared to the experimental results obtained for screen-printed CNT cathodes. The field enhancement factor increased as the dielectric constant decreased, reaching a maximum value at a dielectric constant of 1, the value for a vacuum. The findings indicate that the larger sheet resistance of the bonding materials, after the firing process, can be attributed to the larger emission current of the CNT cathode. From these results, it was concluded that the best bonding materials for screen-printed CNT cathodes should have a low dielectric constant and a high sheet resistance. This finding can be used as criteria for selecting bonding materials for use in CNT pastes for highly efficient CNT cathodes.     

锌铬膜的成分与力学性能的深度剖面分析

采用浸涂及烧结工艺制备了锌铬膜防腐涂层,用辉光放电光谱分析和纳米压痕/划痕试验技术对其成分和力学性能分别进行了深度剖面分析,并探讨了涂层组成对防腐和力学性能的影响。结果表明,各元素随深度呈不同的分布状态和变化趋势,并与烧结过程相关,硬度、弹性模量的深度分布与元素的深度分布相对应,膜层有较低的失效临界载荷。