辽南膨润土深加工试验研究

辽宁膨润土资源丰富，但优质膨润土较少。限制了高附加值的膨润土深加工产品的开发与生产。辽南地区某膨润土矿为优质钙基膨润土，杂质含量很低。是深加工的优质原料。通过对其深加工的试验研究，得到了优质活性白土，有机膨润土等深加工产品。其中有机膨润土填补了省内空白。     

高炉瓦斯泥压块循环应用于电炉泡沫渣的研究

对高炉瓦斯泥应用于电炉造泡沫渣进行了实验室试验和现场试验研究.确定了冷压块工艺和现场应用工艺.试验结果表明:瓦斯泥的压块可以起到强化泡沫渣生成的作用,但瓦斯泥压块的加入量有个合适的范围.压块加入后,压块中的铁和碳通过反应参与了泡沫渣的生成;压块中的锌和铅被快速还原,进入二次粉尘.瓦斯泥压块加入电炉,对钢水和渣没有产生可觉察的影响.在此过程中,压块中的有价资源得到了循环利用.     

快速沉淀晶型碳酸钕的试验研究

依据碳酸氢铵沉淀氯化钕时pH的变化,提出了沉淀、结晶化反应方程式,考察了加料速度、加料比、陈化时间对碳酸钕结晶过程的影响,确定了快速沉淀晶型碳酸钕的工艺条件。所得产品纯度大于99%,氯根质量分数低于1.0×10-4,粒度均匀,并可快速结晶。     

不同污泥中5种重金属总量与形态分析

研究了吉化污水处理厂两个车间排放的污泥中Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd的含量及形态分布.研究结果表明:采自中和处理车间污泥样品中重金属含量由高到低的顺序是Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd;采自污泥处理车间污泥样品中重金属含量由高到低的顺序是Cu>Zn>Cr>Pb>Cd.污泥样品中Cu的含量最高,为8487.58 mg/kg;Cd的含量最低,为2.72 mg/kg.BCR形态分析结果表明,2种污泥中Cu主要以可氧化态和残渣态存在;Zn主要以可氧化态和可还原态存在;Cr主要以残渣态存在;Pb的形态分布较为均匀;Cd主要以可还原态存在.     

从富银渣中回收银的方法研究

本文通过试验,研究了从铜阳极泥富银渣中回收银的一些方法,并对其优缺点进行了比较,提出了水合肼还原法是目前制取粉末冶金用纯银粉的一种很有前任的方法。     

Effect of rare earth addition on Cu-Fe/AC adsorbents for phosphine adsorption from yellow phosphorous tail gas

Phosphine(PH3) is a highly toxic air pollutant,commonly produced in phosphorous chemical industry.But it has received less research attention due to its handling difficultly.CO is the main content of the phosphorous chemical industry tail gas,the concentration of which is always more than 80 vol.%,and it can be the feed gas to produce various valuable products such as formate,oxalate,and methanol and so on.But,PH3 is one of the important barriers,which is harmful to the following chemical process.In order to make use of the tail gas,PH3 should be removed firstly,and CO should be covered in the whole purified procedure at the same time.In this work,the modified activated carbon(MAC) was used as the adsorbent to separate PH3 from the mixture tail gas.Series of MAC adsorbents were prepared for the adsorption of PH3,which loaded Cu-Fe and Ce(La),or separately.The PH3 adsorption capacities,chemical and physical properties of MAC were all investigated.The results showed that over 99% PH3 adsorption efficiency was achieved when used MAC adsorbents.The removal efficiency and PH3 adsorption capacity of the Cu-Fe-Ce/AC(20:1:0.4) were both much higher than those modified activated carbons.The maximum PH3 adsorption capacity was 71 mg of PH3/g of MAC on the Cu-Fe-Ce/AC,which were much higher than literature data using CuO only for adsorbing hydride gases.     

The effect of various reaction parameters on bioremediation of perchlorate-contaminated water

The bioremediation was employed to treat perchlorate-contaminated water. All enrichments and growth of mixed cultures were performed in anaerobic acetate medium. Enrichment cultures were started with activated sludge obtained from a local wastewater treatment plant where it predominantly treats domestic wastewater. Several parameters affecting perchlorate removal were examined through batch experiments, these include the amount of domesticated sludge, the acetate concentration, pH, the C/N ratio and the reaction temperature. The results indicated that acetate was an effective carbon source and electron donor. Under the selected conditions, namely 1.0 g domesticated sludge, an acetate concentration of 1.2 g l(-1), pH 8.0, a C/N ratio of 20 at 40 degrees C, 50 mg l(-1) perchlorate could be rapidly reduced to non-detectable levels within 24 h.     

添加致孔剂制备树脂基活性炭及电容性能研究

以碱性条件下合成的热固性酚醛树脂(PF)为原料,聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)和聚乙烯二醇(PEG)为致孔剂,采用聚合物共混炭化活化法制备双电层电容器用活性炭材料.通过热重(TG)分析探讨了PF,PF与PVB、PEG的共混物在炭化过程中的热解行为.考察了活化温度和活化时间对所得活性炭的收率、BET比表面积、孔径分布和比电容的影响,并进一步探讨了以这种活性炭材料作电极的双电层电容器的电容性能.结果表明,随着活化温度的升高,活化温度对活性炭收率的影响更为显著,所得活性炭的收率下降.聚合物PEG较PVB更适合作为成孔剂来控制活性炭的中孔孔径分布.酚醛树脂基活性炭电极比电容在850℃活化1 h为79.2F/g,而聚乙烯二醇/酚醛、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛/酚醛混合树脂基活性炭电极比电容则分别高达130.5和145.6F/g.     

炭材料负载金属催化剂在活化过硫酸盐中的应用进展

近年来,基于硫酸根自由基的高级氧化技术在环境污染治理中的应用受到越来越广泛的关注,而炭材料负载金属催化剂在活化过硫酸盐去除环境污染物方面展示出巨大的优势。全面总结了炭材料负载金属离子、金属单质、金属氧化物等而制备的不同催化剂在活化过硫酸盐中的作用机制以及对污染物的降解效果等方面的研究进展,并指出了该类催化剂在活化过硫酸盐氧化中的应用前景与未来的研究方向。     

基于生物质废弃物制备复合脱硫剂的研究

以生物质废弃物——稻草和核桃壳为原料,采用化学活化法制出活性炭,将制得的活性炭与铜盐溶液等体积浸渍,制备出复合铜基脱硫剂,并对其进行了H_2S吸附性能研究。研究表明:随着铜负载量和焙烧温度的提高,复合脱硫剂活性均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,其中以核桃壳活性炭制备出的复合脱硫剂活性优于稻草活性炭,当铜的负载量为20%、焙烧温度400℃、焙烧时间1h时,其H_2S的吸附时间可达160min;SEM、FT-IR和XRD结构分析显示,核桃壳复合脱硫剂的颗粒明显小于稻草炭脱硫剂,且铜在核桃壳炭表面主要以铜氧化物的形式存在,所以核桃壳活性炭更适宜作为铜脱硫剂的载体使用。