Impact of sand and filler materials on the hydration behavior of calcium aluminate cement

In earlier work, we have observed discrepancies relating to the early hydration of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) when comparing data from heat flow calorimetry of CAC paste with results from mortar strength tests using the crushing method. Here, we investigated on this phenomenon and found that the sand which is used as a filler exerts a major influence on CAC hydration resulting in acceleration. Furthermore, in particular fine filler materials such as, for example, microsilica, fine limestone powder, and especially α- and γ-Al₂O₃ also produced a strong hydration accelerating effect which is dependent on their specific surface area. The mechanism underlying the acceleration is that under alkaline conditions their negative surface charge attracts calcium ions as was confirmed via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission measurements. Such a layer generates favourable conditions for the nucleation of CAC hydration products (C-A-H phases). The resulting crystalline hydrates which form on the surface of the filler particles submerged in CAC cement pore solution were visualized via SEM imaging. This way, specifically selected fillers can significantly accelerate CAC hydration and save precious lithium salts which are commonly used to boost the early strength of CAC.     

拜耳法助滤剂研制

拜耳法氧化铝生产中。溶出矿浆经重力分离沉降槽液固分离后。溢流溶液中仍然合有一定的浮游物杂质．在分解之前。需要对溢流进行二次净化，以脱除其中的浮游物。国内拜耳法氧化铝厂目前采用的二次净化方法一般是用凯利叶滤机过滤。受溢流溶液的物理化学性质的影响，叶滤机产能常常会受到溢流溶液过滤速率的限制。铝酸三钙既能加快拜耳法溶液的过滤速率，又能降低滤液的浮游物含量。本文论述了合成铝酸三钙的技术条件对其助滤性能的影响。研究表明，合成温度、钙铝摩尔比、碱浓度会影响助滤剂铝酸三钙的粒度分布、晶体结构及组成，继而影响其助滤性能。控制适宜的合成条件。可以制备出助滤性能优良的铝酸三钙。     

常压混合脱硅工艺生产种分精液

本文介绍了碳分、种分工艺对精液硅量指数A/S的不同要求,认为种分精液单独生产是很有必要的.本文从理论上分析了目前所应用的脱硅工艺,提出了一种常压生产种分精液的方法-常压混合脱硅工艺,并对某厂采用此工艺进行种分精液生产的情况进行了简单的介绍.     

Low temperature thermoluminescence properties of Eu and R doped CaAl2O4

The thermoluminescence (TL) of calcium aluminate persistent luminescence materials doped with Eu²⁺ and co-doped with R³⁺ ions were studied between 20 and 325 K. The basic material, CaAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺, showed three TL bands between 150 and 300 K in the glow curve. Changing the R³⁺ co-dopant to the adjacent element in the rare earth series affects significantly the thermoluminescence intensity and even the position of the glow curve maximum. The physical effect seemed to be removing the traps since the La³⁺, Y³⁺, and Lu³⁺ ions suppressed the thermoluminescence. The Pr³⁺, Ho³⁺, and Dy³⁺ co-doping enhanced mainly the low temperature traps and these materials have an intense but relatively short persistent luminescence at room temperature. The Nd³⁺ and Tm³⁺ ions enhanced the TL bands close to room temperature and are thus the most suitable co-dopants to induce intense and long persistent luminescence. The quenching of the thermoluminescence by Sm³⁺ was concluded to be due to the presence of Sm²⁺ that removes totally the traps.     

铝酸钙的微波合成与表征

铝酸钙是一种很有发展前景的环保型无机阻燃剂。以结晶氯化铝、氢氧化钠、氯化钙、氢氧化钙为原料,探讨了在微波辐射下合成铝酸钙(3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O)的方法。考察了反应温度、微波辐射时间、原料比等因素对反应的影响。通过优化试验,确定了合成3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O的适宜反应条件。结果表明:加入结晶氯化铝19.3g、氢氧化钠13.4g、氯化钙2.2g、氢氧化钙3.0g、水75.8mL,其中n(Al):n(OH-)=1∶4.2、n(Ca)∶n(Al)=3∶4.0、w(固)∶w(液)=1∶2.0;微波设定温度为100～115℃,微波辐射总时间为55min时,产品产率约为90%。采用TG-DTA及FE-SEM分析方法对产品的性质进行表征,分析结果显示产品的脱水温度约为298℃,产品的粒径小于5μm。     

铝酸钠溶液分解过程表面活性剂在晶种界面的吸附

目的研究四种阴离子表面活性剂和两种非离子表面活性剂在晶种氢氧化铝界面上的吸附行为,探讨铝酸钠溶液种分过程添加剂的复配依据.方法采用紫外可见分光光度计,测定各种表面活性剂的吸附平衡时间及吸附等温线,研究了几种表面活性剂在氢氧化铝界面的吸附规律.结果阴离子表面活性剂随碳链的增长,其临界胶束浓度值相应地减少;表面活性剂的浓度大于临界胶束浓度后,吸附等温线为线性;温度升高会降低阴离子表面活性剂的吸附,而非离子表面活性剂的吸附量增大.结论十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、油酸、硬脂酸钠、聚乙二醇和Span80 6种表面活性剂的最佳添加量(CMC)分别为8.62×10-7mol/g、8.66×10-7mol/g、5.38×10-7mol/g、5.54×10-7mol/g、2.17×10-7mol/g和1.82×10-7mol/g,对工业生产中如何配制添加剂具有指导意义.     

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂制备纳米钇铝石榴石粉体

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,硝酸盐为原料,采用沉淀法,通过仔细控制沉淀过程的工艺参数,得到了煅烧后可直接生成纯相YAG的前驱体沉淀物,前驱体经过900℃煅烧即可获得纳米YAG粉体.BET,TEM和XRD的测试结果表明纳米YAG粉体的晶粒尺寸为67～175nm,晶粒形态为球形,分散性良好.粉体达到完全致密化的最低烧结温度为1450℃.所获得的粉体经过1700℃真空烧结3h,烧结体具有一定的透明度.研究表明,这种纳米YAG粉体所具有的良好烧结活性与粉体的纳米晶粒尺寸,球形晶粒形态及极佳的分散性有关.     

铝酸钠(钾)溶液种分过程的粒度研究

采用间歇式反应器,研究了52 5℃,COH-=5 16mol/L,αk分别为1 45、1 55、1 65的纯铝酸钠和铝酸钾溶液种分过程的晶体粒度分布(PSD)规律。结果表明,在相同的分解条件下,铝酸钠和铝酸钾溶液中晶体的粒度分布随时间的变化有一定差异。铝酸钠溶液PSD曲线的主粒度峰的位置总在铝酸钾溶液的上方;最显著的差异是在分解16h后,铝酸钾溶液的PSD曲线在10～44 774μm处有一个显著的突起峰,而铝酸钠溶液则没有。不同αk的铝酸钠和铝酸钾溶液,这种粒度分布随时间变化的差异相似。     

水合碳铝酸钙的合成及高浓度铝酸钠溶液二段脱硅的研究

在高浓度氧化铝溶液二段脱硅中，使用HCAC(水合碳铝酸钙)作为晶种，研究反应时间、HCAC用量、氧化钙烧制温度、碳酸钠用量对脱硅效果的影响．高浓度铝硅酸钠溶液脱硅时，HCAC的最佳合成条件：用600℃烧制的1．5gCaO与2．5g碳酸钠反应制备HCAC；最佳脱硅条件：在200mL含硅铝钠溶液中HCAC加入量为7．0g，脱硅时间为2h，脱硅效果较好，硅量指数可达1000以上，基本上可以满足氧化铝生产实践要求。     

Preparation of Incompact Strontium Aluminate Phosphors

The incompact long afterglow pigment SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy was synthesized by ceramics technology.The agglomerated starting raw material had little effect on the synthesis of SrA12O4 matrix through solid-state reaction method,but the shrinkage and densification was retarded greatly by the agglomerated powder by the formation of large and extensive pore network.The sintering mechanism is surface diffusion ( without flux B2O3 ) and grain boundary diffusion (with B2O3 as flux)respectively, and the as-prepared long afterglow pigment glows in the dark for over 4000 min.