55t均火炉的温度检测及铸锭均火工艺参数确定

介绍新建的均匀化退火炉的空炉温度和带料温度测试,以及铸锭均火工艺参数的制定方法,并指出确定铸锭均火工艺参数的原则。     

强电场作用下早龄期混凝土的氯离子迁移特征

电化学除氯技术能有效降低混凝土结构中的有害氯离子,降低混凝土结构失效风险。采用强电场方式对混凝土结构进行电化学除氯,并在不同的早龄期时间介入40、80、120 min的强电场作用,测试了内部氯离子含量变化和分布特征,并对通电后养护28 d试件进行回弹强度试验。研究结果表明：早龄期介入强电场作用能显著提高除氯效率,达到相同除氯效果时的作业时间约为传统电化学方法的1/300;氯离子分布特征表明,自由氯离子分布较传统电化学参数作用时更均匀,结合氯离子仍然存在保护层中间堆积现象;强电场作用后进行标准养护,回弹测试结果表明,强电场对混凝土的保护层宏观强度无明显影响。     

SWD型溶液水分测定仪在工作电解液水分测定中的应用

叙述了ＳＷＤ型溶液水分测定仪的设计思想、工作原理等，该仪器可在各种溶液中直接测定含水量，通过实例说明该仪器也可广泛用于电解电容器厂家生产工作电解液中的水分测定；又采用特殊结构和温度补偿器可获得过去没有的性能优良、价格低廉的水分测定仪，可望扩大其用途。     

Influence of Seepage Face Obliquity on Discharge of Groundwater and its Pollutant into Lake from A Typical Unconfined Aquifer

Lab experiment and mathematical simulation Modular three dimensional finite difference groundwater (MODFLOW) were performed in a soil tank to simulate the hydrogeochemical interaction between lake and typical unconfined aquifer. Results show that the velocity decreases exponentially with the transect distance on seepage face. The maximal velocity occurs at the top point of seepage face. The obliquity of seepage face has a great influence on the maximum and distribution of seepage velocity. With the increase of the obliquity of seepage face, the maximal velocity decreases quickly and the velocity distribution becomes much more even. Most of groundwater flow and pollutant flux discharges through a narrow portion near the top of seepage face. The flow and mass concentrated in the narrow portion increase with the decrease of the obliquity of seepage face. These will benefit to design a reasonable and economical scenario to manage lakeshore and to control the pollution of lake water near lakeshore.     

测试条件对聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数的影响

聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数是聚氯乙烯树脂的一项重要指标,它的高低决定着产品的不同用途。本实验测试了几种不同测试条件如测试温度、黏度计毛细管直径、溶剂浓度等对聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数结果所产生的影响,通过实验数据的理论分析和计算,对原因进行了具体的分析。这些分析结果的获得对提高粘数分析的准确性,对于指导实际生产,规范检验操作,修订检验标准都有着重要的意义。     

飞秒光电子影像技术对氯丙烯分子的光电离/解离机理的研究

飞秒光电子影像技术结合飞行时间质谱对氯丙烯（C3H5Cl）在200 nm、400 nm、800 nm飞秒脉冲下的光电离/解离机理进行了研究。实验结果表明氯丙烯的光电离/解离机理与激光波长存在依赖关系。分析发现,在短波长200 nm时,母体分子C3H5Cl以双光子电离为主要通道,而其他的碎片离子则来源于C3H5Cl+的解离。当波长向长波方向变化时,例如800 nm时,C3H5Cl中间态的解离就开始占主导地位,碎片离子的信号也相应增强。此外,光电子能谱进一步证实了在400 nm和800 nm时存在来源于中性碎片的光电子,而这些中性碎片又是由C3H5Cl的中间态直接解离而产生的。这意味着,在长波400 nm和800 nm时,母体分子可能被激发到寿命较短的中间解离态,从而解离产生中性碎片,导致光解离过程在长波段占有重要角色。     

乙炔法合成氯乙烯转化器的动态仿真

研究乙炔法合成氯乙烯转化器的动态仿真技术,以分析氯乙烯转化器的特征,建立动态机理模型,针对模型的形式和特点,采用适当的数值计算方法,开发氯乙烯转化器的动态仿真程序模块。仿真计算表明,当达到稳态时其结果跟生产数据较为吻合,动态过程跟生产的变化趋势相一致。模型对优化操作有一定的指导意义,对顺利开发整个氯乙烯合成工艺的仿真系统软件,也有重要价值。     

Electrophoretic mobilities of dissolved polyelectrolyte charging agent and suspended non-colloidal titanium during electrophoretic deposition

Coarse (≤20 μm) titanium particles were deposited on low-carbon steel substrates by cathodic electrophoretic deposition (EPD) with ethanol as suspension medium and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) as polymeric charging agent. Preliminary data on the electrophoretic mobilities and electrical conductivities on the suspensions of these soft particles as well as the solutions themselves as a function of PDADMAC level were used as the basis for the investigation of the EPD parameters in terms of the deposition yield as a function of five experimental parameters: (a) PDADMAC addition level, (b) solids loading, (c) deposition time, (d) applied voltage, and (e) electrode separation. These data were supported by particle sizing by laser diffraction and deposit surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The preceding data demonstrated that Ti particles of ∼1-12 μm size, electrosterically modified by the PDADMAC charging agent, acted effectively as colloidal particles during EPD. Owing to the non-colloidal nature of the particles and the stabilization of the Ti particles by electrosteric forces, the relevance of the zeta potential is questionable, so the more fundamental parameter of electrophoretic mobility was used. A key finding from the present work is the importance of assessing the electrophoretic mobilities of both the suspensions and solutions since the latter, which normally is overlooked, plays a critical role in the ability to interpret the results meaningfully. Further, algebraic uncoupling of these data plus determination of the deposit yield as a function of charging agent addition allow discrimination between the three main mechanistic stages of the electrokinetics of the process, which are: (1) surface saturation; (2) compression of the diffuse layer, growth of polymer-rich layer, and/or competition between the mobility of Ti and PDADMAC; and (3) little or no decrease in electrophoretic mobility of Ti, establishment of polymer-rich layer, and/or dominance of the mobility of the PDADMAC over that of Ti.     

3-丙酰氨基-N,N-二丙酸甲酯基苯胺的合成研究

用无水三氯化铝作催化剂在较低温度下将3-氨基丙酰苯胺和丙烯酸甲酯转化为3-丙酰氨基-N,N-二丙酸甲酯基苯胺,其产品收率达到89%,纯度高于92%。