纳米二氧化铈制备和应用研究进展

目的 通过比较各类纳米二氧化铈制备方法的优缺点,总结纳米二氧化铈在食品生物化学检测、催化与燃料电池等领域的应用研究,以促进纳米CeO2的发展,并为其应用提供参考.方法 对比分析纳米二氧化铈的制备方法,包括水热合成法、沉淀法、溶剂热法、溶胶-凝胶法、微乳液法和电化学沉积法.阐述纳米CeO2在催化(催化甲苯、CO和NOx、光催化)、食品生物化学检测(抗坏血酸、葡萄糖、黄嘌呤检测等)、燃料电池、食品包装等领域中的应用.结果 通常采用水热合成法制备纳米CeO2.纳米CeO2负载贵金属可制备生物检测催化剂及燃料电池阳极催化剂;纳米CeO2复合金属氧化物可用于制备抗紫外功能的食品包装.结论 纳米CeO2在食品生物化学检测、催化与燃料电池等领域有广阔的研究空间.     

DimensionAR型全自动生化分析仪使用评价

目的：了解 Ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎ ＡＲ型全自动生化分析仪性能。 方法：用质控定值血清评价仪器的准确性、精密度;用定标液测定线性;用高、低浓度的样本测试携带污 染率。 结果：仪器性能良好;９个项目的相对偏差最低０.０１％,最高３.５％;平均精密度天内为ＣＶ％＝０．５０％, 天间为 ＣＶ＝１. ０８％;基本无交叉感染 结论： Ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎ ＡＲ型全自动生化分析仪具准确、精密、随机任选的特点,适于中等规模医院使用。     

一株高产细胞表面植酸酶酵母的产酶性质

对一株高产细胞表面植酸酶酵母突变株WZ 4菌的细胞植酸酶性质进行了研究,结果表明:该酶的最适pH为5,最适温度为50℃,Km为0.666mmol/L。此外,WZ 4菌产植酸酶受控于培养基中的磷的质量浓度,最大产酶磷的质量浓度为50mg/L,当磷的质量浓度大于0.1g/L时产酶被完全阻遏。     

一株产L-瓜氨酸微生物菌株的鉴定

对实验室保存的一株产L-瓜氨酸的菌株进行了生理生化与分子生物学鉴定,结果表明该菌为季也蒙毕赤氏酵母。     

基于生物化学原理空调房间的人体散热量分析

根据生物氧化原理对人体能量代谢进行了分析,指出人体同化和异化作用相等条件下,每小时消耗1mol O_2或产生1mol CO_2的散热量为132.7537W。通过测量人体的耗O_2量或CO_2产生量可以计算出人体散热量。根据一组人体CO_2产生量计算出人体相应的散热量并与试验值进行对比,两者十分吻合。给出人体的热平衡关系和能量守恒关系式。     

皮革后整理加工废水处理

针对皮革后整理加工废水有机浓度高、可生化性的差特点,经小试后确定采用混凝沉淀-水解酸化-生物接触氧化-流离生化法处理工艺。实践表明,对于难生化处理的有机废水,该工艺设计合理,运行稳定,启动容易,运行费用低,抗冲击的负荷能力强,废水经处理后能达到《污水综合处理排放标准》GB8978-1996一级排放标准。     

微孔淀粉特性及其制备生化反应罐的设计

简要介绍微孔淀粉的特性及制备方法,对中试制备马铃薯微孔淀粉的反应罐进行设计。该设计根据微孔淀粉在制备过程末期因孔穴率增加而极易破碎的物理特性,提出新型非旋转系统的搅拌反应方式。此搅拌方式能较好的使淀粉乳保持均一体系,淀粉颗粒不沉淀,并与酶充分接触,形成漩涡小,柔和,产生的剪切力小,可保障制备微孔淀粉的良好性能。     

气调包装对香菇保鲜期内源性甲醛含量的影响

对不同气调包装(MAP)的香菇甲醛含量与理化关系进行研究。研究结果表明:贮藏期间,香菇甲醛含量与GGT和C-Slyase两酶比活呈显著正相关(相关系数r分别为0.777和0.700),而GGT和C-Slyase酶活与香菇的呼吸强度呈显著正相关(相关系数r分别为0.539和0.701)。MAP能抑制酶活,控制甲醛含量,减缓香菇蛋白质的降解和相对膜透性的增高。贮藏前12d,3组MAP香菇的甲醛平均含量比对照低13.00%(P<0.01)。其中,MAP(1)(7%CO2)香菇的平均含水率和蛋白质含量比对照高2.23%和7.81%,细胞膜透性平均比对照低27.24%,3种含硫风味化合物相对含量分别比对照低16.23%以上,品质保鲜效果最佳。     

Postmortem biochemical behavior of giant squid (Dosidicus gigas) mantle muscle stored in ice and its relation with quality parameters

ABSTRACT:  Several freshness and spoilage indicators were monitored to characterize the postmortem biochemistry of giant squid ( Dosidicus gigas ) mantle muscle. Squid samples were obtained directly from the sea and kept at 0 °C during a 15-d storage period. Data at zero time were obtained from cryogenically frozen samples at time of capture. The adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) degradation followed a different pattern as compared with that from fish species. ATP was almost completely depleted at 24-h postcatch from 6.54 to <1 μmol/g, while at the same time Hx was the predominant catabolite with a concentration of 4 μmol/g, reaching 6.85 μmol/g at day 15. K -value data followed a logarithmic pattern with time instead of a linear one, with no change after day 3, thus reducing its suitability as a freshness index. The coefficient Hx/AMP seems to be an adequate alternative for this purpose due to its constant increment with time. The high NH₄Cl content in mantle muscle (461.3 ± 24.5 mg of NH₄⁺/100 g) derived from its physiological importance for the species compromises the use of the distillation step of the TVB-N analysis commonly used as a spoilage index. This fact explains why the initially high value of TVB-N detected in mantle muscle (243.7 mg N/100 g) did not correlate with the initial low TMA-N content (1.5 ± 0.1 mg/100 g of muscle). The results suggested that under the experimental conditions the shelf life of squid exceeds 15 d.     

胸腔置管白介素-2联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察

Objective: The aim of our study was to explore the short-term effects and complication of interleukin-2 (IL-2) combining with Cisplatin in the treatment of malignant hydrothorax. Methods: Sixty-two cases patients with malignant hydrothorax were randomly divided into two groups. Observation group was 31 examples, thoracic cavity injection IL-2 and Cisplatin; 31cases in control group using Cisplatin alone intra-thoracic injection. The regime of every week for 1-4 weeks was used to observe short term effects and complications. Results: The total response rate in observe group was higher than that in control group (90.3% vs. 68.1%), which had statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05). The complications included gastrointestinal tract reaction, bone marrow inhibition, chest pain and fever. The incidence rates of chest pain and fever in observe group was slightly higher than that in control group, but there was no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion: The IL-2 combining with Cisplatin intra-thoracic injection for malignant hydrothorax has the features of good therapeutic effects and slight poisonous side effects, which is worth to be used in clinic.