基于MVEKF的测向交叉定位跟踪算法

测向交叉定位能够根据两个或多个测量站对同一目标辐射源测得的方位信息,采用最佳状态估计法确定出目标辐射源的位置．针对扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）算法存在受初值、测量噪声影响大等缺点,将一种新的修正协方差的扩展卡尔曼滤波（MVEKF）算法应用到固定双站测向交叉定位中,可以提高收敛速度和定位精度．通过与EKF的仿真对比,验证了该算法具有更好的跟踪性能．     

建筑底部空间开放性设计

为了加快建筑底部空间与城市环境的融合,分析了建筑底部空间一般形态、交通组织、功能空间环境、文脉关系等要素,提出从城市街道的引入、室外广场和立体化交通等几个方面探讨底部空间与城市有机的融合,创造一个有魅力的、充满活力的城市空间.     

Remaining oil distribution in Ng3^3 bottom water reservoir of Lin 2-6 fault-block in Huimin depression and potential tapping in horizontal well

Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containing-exploitation. Oil exploita-tion from vertical wells is becoming more and more inefficient. The reservoir type, with water displacing oil and the remaining oil distribution are specifically studied in order to improve the efficiency of the recovery ratio. An integrated scheme for adjusting horizontal wells has been designed and the key technique of the scheme optimized. The study shows that: 1) the positive rhythm of fluvial depositional features is the internal cause of the flooding of oil reservoirs while water injection, injection-production patterns and accumulative petroleum production are the external causes; 2) oil-water driving patterns have transferred from edge water ad-vancing to bottom-water-coning; distribution of the remaining oil mainly concentrates in the upper rhythm and top of the middle rhythm in Ng33 members; 3) a great deal of remaining oil is enriched in high positions of faults, in axes of tiny structures, in stagna-tion areas among water-injection wells and oil-wells and in tectonic saddle areas with sparse wells. Compared with vertical wells, horizontal wells have advantages such as high recovery, high off-take potential, high critical output, large controlling areas and long time of bottom-water breakthrough.     

宁夏花儿艺术馆钢结构-混凝土结构共同工作分析研究

为探讨地震响应分析时混凝土下部结构对上部钢结构的影响,以宁夏花儿艺术馆为例建立了上部钢结构和下部混凝土结构共同工作的有限元模型,对模型分别进行了静力分析、小震作用弹性分析、大震作用动力弹塑性时程分析等.此外,还探讨了在罕遇地震下混凝土结构的弹塑性性质对整体结构的影响.结果表明,在共同工作条件下,上部钢结构的静、动力位移和内力都有较大程度的提高.在结构设计时,必须考虑下部支撑结构的放大效应.     

湿度对CR-39固体核径迹探测器测量^220Rn／^222Rn水平的影响研究

在可调控温度、湿度及氡浓度的南华大学氡实验室对不同的湿度条件下CR-39固体核径迹探测器测量^220Rn、^222Rn的探测效率进行了测定,分析了湿度对CR-39固体核径迹探测器测量^220Rn、^222Rn探测效率的影响．实验结果表明：相对湿度在35％-95％范围内,当湿度为50％左右时,CR-39固体核径迹探测器测^222Rn,探测效率最高,标准偏差为2．0％;相对湿度在30％-100％范围内,当湿度为75％时,CR-39固体核径迹探测器测^220Rn的探测效率最低,标准偏差达到78．4％．     

减法聚类的Hough变换航迹起始算法

针对低信噪比、低信杂比目标检测时Hough变换累积矩阵存在的峰值簇拥现象,提出了一种基于减法聚类的Hough变换航迹起始算法.该方法首先采用Hough变换初步筛选出参数空间上大于投票阈值的投票值,然后采用减法聚类对获取的参数进行二次处理.实验表明该方法不但能够明显改善局部峰值簇拥现象,而且对杂波干扰具有更好的鲁棒性,特别适用于复杂环境中的目标检测.     

Manipulation of gasification coal feed in order to increase the ash fusion temperature of the coal enabling the gasifiers to operate at higher temperatures

Coal is a crucial feedstock for South Africa’s unique synfuels and petrochemicals industry and used by Sasol as a feedstock to produce synthesis gas via the Sasol-Lurgi Fixed Bed Dry Bottom (FBDB) gasification process. The ash fusion temperature (AFT) gives detail information on the suitability of a coal source for gasification purposes, and specifically to which extent ash agglomeration or clinkering is likely to occur within the gasifier. Ash clinkering inside the gasifier can cause channel burning and unstable operation.Sasol-Lurgi FBDB gasifiers are currently operated with the philosophy of adding an excess of steam to the process to control the H₂/CO ratio of the syngas produced, but indirectly also to control the maximum gasifier temperature below the AFT of the coal. An opportunity exists to increase the AFT of the coal fed to the gasifiers by adding AFT increasing minerals to the coal blend before it is fed into the gasification process. For the aim of this study a South African coal source was investigated, as being used by the gasification operations in Secunda.With the specific aim of this study, to increase the AFT, the determination of the AFT of the coal blends where acidic components such as silica (SiO₂), alumina (Al₂O₃) and titania (TiO₂) were added was conducted. The Al₂O₃ had the biggest and most significant effect on the AFT with the least addition to the coal blend. The effect of SiO₂ and TiO₂ were very similar, but the effect was much smaller and further Al₂O₃ was needed to increase the AFT to a similar AFT level in comparison to the SiO₂ used. Kaolinite, roof and floor components (containing mainly Al₂O₃ and SiO₂) were also added, also showing an increase in the AFT with up to 4 mass% addition. Another observation was that the AFT was non-additive (not a linear weighted calculated average) and not the weighted average AFT as was expected for the other coal properties such as the ash content, for example. The ash slagging characteristics is a non-additive property of individual coal sources in the blend and therefore difficult to predict.In general it can be concluded that the unique opportunity exists to increase the AFT, was tested, proven and mechanistically outlined in this study on the coal source fed to the Sasol-Lurgi FBDB gasifiers. The AFT can be increased to >1350 °C by adding AFT increasing minerals or species to the coal blend before it is fed into the gasification process. By increasing the AFT, the direct effect will be that steam consumption can be decreased, which in turn will improve carbon utilization.     

Characterization of Pheromone Blend for Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana by Using Flight Track Recording

The behavioral responses of Lobesia botrana males to calling females, pheromone gland extracts, and synthetic sex pheromones were recorded in a wind tunnel. Gland extracts and synthetic pheromones were released from a pheromone evaporator. The numbers of males reaching the source and their flight tracks in response to calling females and pheromone gland extracts were compared to those of synthetic blends. Upwind flights to natural sex pheromone were straighter and faster than to a three-component blend of (E)-7,(Z)-9-dodecadienyl acetate (E7,Z9–12:Ac), (E)-7,(Z)-9-dodecadien-1-ol (E7,Z9–12:OH), and (Z)-9-docecenyl acetate (Z9–12:Ac) (100:20:5). The optimum ratio of E7,Z9–12:OH and Z9–12:Ac to E7,Z9–12:Ac was found to be 5% and 1%, respectively. An additional seven compounds identified in the sex pheromone gland were investigated for their biological activity. Two unsaturated acetates, i.e., (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (E9–12:Ac) and 11-dodecenyl acetate (11–12:Ac), increased the number of males reaching the source as well as straightness, linear velocity, and decreased the track angle of upwind flight. Optimum response was obtained by releasing 10 pg/min E7,Z9–12:Ac in a mixture with 0.5 pg/min E7,Z9–12:OH, 0.1 pg/min Z9–12:Ac, 0.1 pg/min E9– 12:Ac and 1 pg/min 11-12–Ac. The saturated acetates previously identified in the female glands were biologically inactive.     

基于STM32的轨道方向不平顺检测系统设计

轨道不平顺是影响列车乘坐舒适性和平稳性的主要激励源,对轨道不平顺信号进行准确检测和有效的分析处理,以尽可能提高铁路维修效率,保障高速列车行车安全。为了准确检测轨道方向不平顺信号,基于惯性基准法原理,研制了以STM32F103 Cortex-M3 ARM处理器为控制核心的自动化检测系统。系统调理采集包括伺服加速度计、陀螺仪、倾角仪等多路传感器转换而来的模拟信号,然后传输到车载服务器中分析处理。检测结果以实时波形图的形式显示,能够准确有效地判断不平顺状态。     

超视距空战飞行轨迹建模及仿真

超视距多目标攻击逻辑决策和空战态势评估是超视距空战研究的主要方面,但对空战战术影响较大的战机飞行轨迹和飞行参数的研究较少.通过对超视距空战和视距内空战的比较,分析了超视距空战的空战过程.根据超视距空战迎头攻击战术的特点,建立了相应飞行轨迹的数学模型,并求解了载机速度、载机发射导弹速度、转弯速度、载机转弯半径、目标机速度、载机飞行时间、转弯时间和导弹飞行时间之间的关系.通过仿真分析了飞行参数对飞行轨迹的影响,并根据载机性能约束条件,求解了飞行参数的最优解.仿真结果表明,飞行轨迹模型和最优飞行参数设计的合理性和可信性,可为超视距空战战术、战法决策等作战应用提供重要参考.