采用奇异值分解设计广义系统的最优滤波器

本文讨论广义离散随机线性系统的状态估计问题，通过矩阵奇值分解，本文给出了一种设计降阶最优滤波器的实用方法，该方法同时还得到了动态系统和量测系统的干扰噪声的估计。     

赢得值在设计项目管理中的应用

简要介绍了赢得值原理的一些基本概念及其在设计项目管理中的作用.重点介绍了该原理在洛阳石油化工工程公司总承包的1.0 Mt/a延迟焦化装置设计进度控制中的应用.通过综合控制ACWP, BCWP二条曲线与BCWS曲线的偏差使其平稳紧密上升,可成功地对项目成本和进度进行偏差分析、纠偏控制及趋势预测.总结了赢得值在设计项目管理成本/进度控制应用中的重点和难点.     

锚索测力计有关应用问题的探讨

通过分析锚索测力计因受力状态不同而带来的系统误差,提出了测力计实测锚固力的修正方法及部分测力计传感器失效后延续锚固力测值的计算方法.     

耦合模模型的峰峰值与有效值

介绍了峰峰值和有效值的偶合模方程,给出了峰峰值P矩阵和有效值P矩阵的表达式。利用峰峰值P矩阵和有效值P矩阵模拟了纵向耦合谐振结构以及阻抗元结构的声表面波滤波器的频响。对比两种P矩阵的模拟结果,说明了峰峰值耦合模方程和有效值耦合模方程分析频响的等效性。     

主要作物水经济价值的地区特征

在阐述水经济价值概念的基础上,利用残值法计算农业水经济价值,并结合小麦生产讨论了方法的适用性并进行敏感性分析。经过对2000~2005年全国十大分区的分析计算,给出了4种主要作物的水经济价值的地区特征,并提出了基于水经济价值的农业地区发展建议。     

激光器实用价值的评判

提出用于评价激光器产品实用价值的Q因子,它由激光器的亮度、脉冲宽度及价格确定。Q值大的激光器,开发及发展的潜力大。     

电荷灵敏放大器不用反馈高值电阻的新方法

本文提出了一种电荷灵敏放大器不用反馈高值电阻的新方法。对这种方法作了电路分析以及对实际电路的测量结果作了介绍。     

恒温式热量计测定煤发热量准确度的探讨

通过采用恒温式热量计测定煤发热量的试验，得出影响测定结果准确度的主要因素是热容量、内筒中的水量、室温与外筒间温差的结论。     

Pseudoinverse in clustering problems

The clustering of vector observations of hyperplanes is studied. Different cases of correspondence distances are proposed and investigated, including the algebraic Jack Knife one. The efficiency, constructivity, and explicit form of formulas are provided by using the pseudoinverse technique including the pseudoinverse-perturbation theory. Results important for the application of pseudoinverse and related operators are presented. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 4, pp. 73–92, July–August 2007.     

Expressing the equivalence of non‐isothermal and isothermal heat sterilization processes

Currently, the sterility of heat‐processed food and pharmaceuticals is assessed in terms of an F₀ value, based on the equivalence of the heat treatment to an isothermal process at a reference temperature. This F₀ value, however, has a meaning if, and only if, the inactivation kinetics of the targeted spores (or cells) follow a first‐order relationship and the temperature dependence of the D value, the reciprocal of the rate constant, is log‐linear. There is growing evidence that these conditions are not satisfied by many spores, including those of Clostridium botulinum and vegetative cells. Consequently, a replacement for the F₀ value is proposed in the form of a momentary equivalent time at the reference temperature based on the actual survival pattern of the spores, which need not be log‐linear. This equivalent time can be calculated together with the theoretical survival ratio in real time, thus enabling an operator to monitor the lethality of ongoing industrial heat processes. The concept is demonstrated with published survival data of C. botulinum, for which the Weibullian and log‐logistic models served as primary and secondary models, respectively. The safety factor according to the proposed method is in the number of added minutes of processing, beyond the theoretical time needed to reduce the survival ratio of the targeted spores or cells to a level that would produce practical (or commercial) sterility. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry