370 m跨径X形提篮拱结构有限元模拟研究

渝黔铁路是国家“八纵八横铁路网”中“包柳铁路大通道”的重要组成部分.以渝黔铁路线中X形提篮拱桥为依托工程,为确保施工工程质量与安全,采用Midas/Civil2010有限元软件对该拱桥成桥后主拱圈应力、运营阶段稳定性与位移验算等进行了计算和分析,结果表明该提篮拱桥拱脚处最大压应力为14 MPa满足混凝土规范要求设计值,结构运营阶段稳定系数为32.2,满足现行规范限值,结构在横纵向自振周期分别为1.473 s与1.389 s均满足规范限值.     

不同裂纹倾角下岩桥拉张破裂数值模拟研究

以预制于岩体中不同倾角的裂纹及其组成的岩桥为研究对象,采用可模拟拉张开裂的有限元软件,对不同裂纹倾角岩桥模型的拉张破坏过程进行数值模拟。结果显示:在单轴压缩条件下,对于相同尺寸、等距离的平行预制裂纹,裂纹的倾角不同,拉张裂纹的扩展形态不同;预制裂纹倾角越大,岩桥越容易拉张破坏;八字形裂纹比平行裂纹更稳定。     

南水北调中线安都东公路桥下部结构施工

针对南水北调中线安都东公路桥的地质条件及工程特点,公路桥下部结构施工采用包括灌注桩施工、墩柱及系梁施工、桥台施工、盖梁施工等一系列施工措施,确保了施工安全及工程质量。     

Estimating extreme temperature differences in steel box girder using long-term measurement data

The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the Runyang Cable-stayed Bridge,the daily variations as well as seasonal ones of measured temperature differences in the box girder cross-section area were summarized.The probability distribution models of temperature differences were further established and the extreme temperature differences were estimated with a return period of 100 years.Finally,the temperature difference models in cross-section area were proposed for bridge thermal design.The results show that horizontal temperature differences in top plate and vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are considerable.All the positive and negative temperature differences can be described by the weighted sum of two Weibull distributions.The maximum positive and negative horizontal temperature differences in top plate are 10.30 ℃ and -13.80 ℃,respectively.And the maximum positive and negative vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are 17.30 ℃ and-3.70 ℃,respectively.For bridge thermal design,there are two vertical temperature difference models between top plate and bottom plate,and six horizontal temperature difference models in top plate.     

Experimental investigation on the stability of bride girder against tsunami forces

Bridges are the most useful part in the transportation network. Any disruption of the bridge structures may hamper the whole transportation system. In the last recent tsunamis, numerous number of bridges were structurally damaged by the tsunami waves. Lack of proper provisions of tsunami forces in the design guidelines also contributes to the augmentations of the damage level. Therefore, proper evaluation of the tsunami forces on the bridge girder should be introduced in the design promptly. In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out to reveal the damage mechanism of the bridge girder by assessing the exerted tsunami forces. Both broken and unbroken waves were considered for the analysis. The results showed that measured forces were larger for broken waves than those of unbroken waves. Maximum force of the broken waves was 4.59 times as large as the hydrostatic pressure. Also, waves reached the peak value more rapidly for larger wave heights than those of smaller ones. Additionally, a girder that is placed at a higher position is much vulnerable to tsunami hazard.     

三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索组合体系桥成桥阶段活载模型试验研究

为研究三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索组合体系桥在成桥阶段活荷载作用下的结构受力性能,依据相似理论,制作了1∶20的全桥缩尺模型。利用模型试验研究了该体系桥在对称与非对称荷载作用下的结构力学特性,对加劲梁、吊杆、拉索、主塔与副塔的力学行为进行了分析。结果表明:在成桥阶段活载作用下,模型桥对称性较好、刚度较大、抗弯扭性能较好;模型桥能较准确地反映实桥的受力特性,所测得的试验数据,已成功用于指导实桥设计;理论计算值和实桥换算值与试验实测值吻合较好;模型桥及实桥均满足规范要求,该体系桥梁在使用阶段安全可靠。     

基于FRANC2D的中央裂纹平板断裂力学分析

针对用于断裂力学分析的通用有限元程序和专业有限元程序进行了分析,介绍了FRANC2D程序的建模、断裂力学分析过程。以含有中央裂纹平板为研究对象,验证了FRANC2D用于计算KⅠ值的可行性;通过网格粗细模型结果比较发现,用FRANC2D分析时,网格大小对计算结果影响不大,采用较粗网格就能得到满意的结果。通过对应力强度因子KⅠ、J积分法、应变能释放率G值有限元和理论结果比较,FRANC2D计算精度满足工程需要。     

基于应变计的梁式桥位移响应测试方法

首先利用梁式桥位移、应变与挠曲曲率的力学关系,建立了由实测应变计算桥梁位移的数学模型。再利用广义最小二乘原理实现模型的求解,最终形成利用应变计算的梁式桥位移响应测试方法。最后通过数值算例验证了所提出方法的可行性和准确性,其精度可以满足工程应用的要求。本方法无需任何位移测量仪器,只利用已有的应变数据便能实时地分析出桥梁位移。     

空间扭转系杆拱桥吊杆张拉顺序优化

空间扭转系杆拱桥是一种新型桥梁结构。由于主拱肋采用扭转形式及吊杆锚固的特殊性,使得吊杆张拉变得复杂,在制定张拉方案时要确定最优的张拉顺序。为此,采用ANSYS建立有限元模型,在倒装法的基础上,以主拱肋指定截面应力、吊杆初始张拉力以及张拉过程中吊杆力为控制对象,给出一种循环计算方法用于求解最优顺序。通过在马鞍山市阳湖大桥施工监控过程中的应用,证明该方法的合理性与实用性。     

浅谈体外预应力在连续刚构桥加固中的应用

以某连续刚构桥为例,从加固效果评价和施工工艺两个方面叙述体外预应力在桥梁加固中的应用。计算表明,桥梁加固前后承载力、应力和挠度都有明显的提升。