Seed coat has no value in protecting cowpea seed against attack by Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)

Experiments were conducted to compare the oviposition preference of the cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on 22 cowpea varieties, with and without seed coat. The cowpeas included five resistant, four moderately resistant and 13 susceptible varieties. Ten of the varieties had smooth seed coats while 12 were wrinkled. Mean numbers of eggs laid on smooth and wrinkled varieties were not significantly different. The survival of the bruchid was also assessed on intact and decorticated seeds of five varieties, comprising two resistant varieties “Kanannado” and “IT89KD-288”, a moderately resistant variety “IT93K-513-2” and two susceptible varieties “IT87K-941-1” and “IT89KD-374-57”. There was no correlation of resistance level with the number of eggs oviposited on cowpea varieties. Under limited and free-choice conditions, cowpea seeds with intact seed coats were preferred to decorticated seeds for oviposition. Adult emergence, mean development periods and pre-adult mortality were similar when seed coats were removed or left intact. It is concluded that the seed coat may not be a useful aspect to consider for breeding of bruchid resistance into cowpea varieties.     

水泵叶轮的刷镀防腐

针对水泵叶轮存在的空泡腐蚀，研究了镍磷镀层与铸铁在武钢工业用水中的腐蚀及电偶行为。结果表明，镍磷镀层具有很好的耐蚀性，在与铸铁构成电偶时，若阴阳极面积比小于１，电偶腐蚀的影响作用不大。利用镍磷镀层对叶轮表面易发生空泡腐蚀的部位进行保护，有效地提高了叶轮的抗空泡腐蚀能力。     

动态送风空调系统的经济分析

结合某办公楼空调工程实际,将动态送风系统在初投资和运行费用方面与稳态送风系统进行经济分析与比较。结果表明,动态送风系统较之相应的稳态送风系统,其设备费减少了约14.42％,运行费用降低了约39.19％,认为动态调节送风系统蕴藏着空调节能的巨大潜力,将是空调技术发展的一个方向。     

Comparisons of good- and poor-cooking lentils

Good- and poor-cooking Canadian cultivars of lentils, CDC Richlea, Rose and Laird, were compared for shear force, seed phosphorus (P), phytic acid (PA), water uptake and for seed coat composition and structure. Good-cooking CDC Richlea and Rose lentils (shear force 4.9 kg g^?1) contained 24–33% more P and 48% more PA than poor-cooking lentils (shear force 7.0–8.1 kg g^?1). The poor-cooking CDC Richlea lentil (shear force 8.1 kg g^?1) had smaller hydration coefficients, solids lost, and water absorption than the good-cooking ientil (shear force 4.9 kg g^?1), but differences disappeared in dehulled good- and poor-cooking lentils of the same cultivar. Regression analysis showed that the good- and poor-cooking lentils absorbed water at the same rate. Therefore, smaller water-uptake was not responsible for the poor-cooking condition. Seed coat compositions of good- and poor-cooking Laird lentils were generally similar; the major components of the seed coats were cellulose and hemicellulose, forming about 56% of the non-starch polysaccharide and lignin fractions. Light microscopy of isolated seed coats showed a more tightly packed epidermis layer and a larger, thicker cell-walled hypodermis layer in the poor-cooking lentil than in the good-cooking lentil.     

Antibacterial mechanism of adzuki bean seed coat polyphenols and their potential application in preservation of fresh raw beef

The monomeric phenolic components of adzuki bean seed coat polyphenols (ABSCPs) were analysed, and their antibacterial activity and mechanism against two tested bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC8797 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC12600) were evaluated for their potential application in preservation of fresh raw beef. ABSCP contained 13 kinds of monomeric phenols, and the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of ABSCP against E. coli and S. aureus was 1250 and 625 μg ml⁻¹, respectively. The mechanism of ABSCP against E. coli and S. aureus was associated with increased cell protein and nucleic acid leakage, increased cell membrane potential, decreased intracellular ATP concentration and morphological changes in bacterial cell. In addition, ABSCP with whey protein isolate (WPI) was applied to fresh raw beef and this remarkably retarded microbial growth by maintaining the total microbial quality below the acceptable limit of 6 lg CFU g⁻¹ for 14 days. Lower pH and total volatile base nitrogen values were observed in the coated samples during refrigerated storage (4 °C). As a result, we found that ABSCP, as a natural food bacteriostatic agent, can effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus and combined with WPI to apply to fresh raw beef to extend its shelf life.     

加气混凝土蒸压反应釜的设计改进

蒸压反应釜是建材工业中生产硅酸盐制品的关键设备,蒸压釜的腐蚀一直是困扰建材行业多年的难题。为解决蒸压釜的腐蚀问题,分析了腐蚀产生的原因,设计了几种不同的涂层进行试验,确定了电弧喷涂铝复合涂层效果最好,指出了涂层厚度范围和提高涂层致密性的方法。实践结果在江苏巨龙集团加气混凝土厂被证实。最后指出,采用电弧喷涂铝复合涂层的防腐方法可以防止反应釜的腐蚀,去掉腐蚀裕度,节约制造材料,延长反应釜的寿命,使反应釜的寿命和整个生产线的寿命一致。     

输水钢管内防腐层选材的经济分析

本文通过埋地输水钢管的内防腐层的材料选择,对粗糙系数的不同,进行理论计算与经济分析,其结果表明经济效益和社会效益是相当可观,不容忽视。     

月坛大厦南座工程施工技术

月坛大厦南座工程为银行办公楼,建筑面积67789．74m^2。施工中采用负温下防水层逆作施工、结构粘钢补强、竹编胶合板应用等,施工技术有所创新,被评为北京市和国家优质工程。     

Effect of flat heel-toe difference of a card on nep removal

Effect of flat heel-toe difference (HTD) of a card on neps of card sliver and yarn was studied. The card sliver and yarn were produced under different HTDs, doffer speeds and cylinder speeds. The neps in card sliver and yarn were tested with Premier aQura and yarn evenness tester of PT7000, respectively. Effect significance of HTD on card sliver neps and yarn neps was analysed with SPSS. The results show that HTD has significant influence on both card sliver neps and yarn neps, and 0.42?mm HTD plan is the best in nep removing. The correlation degree between nep numbers of card sliver and yarn was also analysed with SPSS. It is found that nep number in card sliver has a high correlation with that of yarn, and the sequence from high to low is yarn neps (+140%), yarn neps (+200%) and yarn neps (+280%). It is also found that the correlation degree between nep number of card sliver and yarn is higher than that of seed coat neps (SCN) number in card sliver and yarn neps.