Shear forces for dehulling, splitting and breaking raw and pretreated pigeonpeas

An instrument to measure the seed coat adhesion, cotyledon adhesion and shear strength of pigeonpea grain was constructed using a peizo-electric transducer. Urea was applied to scarified and non-scarified grain and part was then heat treated. Seed coat adhesion was slightly reduced by scarification of grain and further reduced by urea plus heat treatment. Cotyledon adhesion was slightly reduced by urea plus heat but shear strength was unaffected. Pretreatments may lead to an improved quality product (good quality splits and less breakage). The instrument may be useful in assessing improved cultivars.     

钨铼热电偶元件小型化技术研究

本文研究采用电泳涂层法制作小型钨铼热电偶高温测温元件的可能性和工艺过程，研制的热电偶元件外φ≤1.2mm，测温温度t≥1800℃，全面进行了元件的性能检测。包括热电性能，抗热冲击性能，稳定性和时间响应性能等，并在模拟宇航和核场条件下进行了实际温度测量。此外，作为钨铼热电偶用于高技术领域的一项基础性研究，对高温热电偶制作过程中的材料选配和制作工艺等问题进行了探讨。     

Vitamin D3 synthesis in the entire skin surface of dairy cows despite hair coverage

How hair-coated animals such as dairy cows synthesize endogenous vitamin D₃ during exposure to summer sunlight has been unclear since vitamin D₃ and its relation to sunlight was discovered. The fur of fur-bearing animals is thought to be comparable to clothing in humans, which prevents vitamin D₃ synthesis in the skin during exposure to sunlight. Different scenarios have been suggested but never tested in cows; for example, that vitamin D₃ is synthesized from sebum on the hair and ingested by cows during grooming or that body areas such as the udder and muzzle that have scant hair exclusively produce the vitamin. To test different scenarios, 16 Danish Holstein dairy cows were subjected to 4 degrees of coverage of their bodies with fabric that prevented vitamin D₃ synthesis in the covered skin areas. The treatments were horse blanket (cows fitted with horse blankets), udder cover (cows fitted with udder covers, horse blanket + udder cover (cows fitted with both horse blankets and udder covers), and natural (cows without any coverage fitted). The cows were let out to pasture daily between 1000 and 1500 h for 4 wk in July and August 2009. Blood samples were collected 15 times during the study and analyzed for content of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ [25(OH)D₃] indicative of the animals’ vitamin D₃ status. Results showed that uncovered cows had a higher 25(OH)D₃ concentration in plasma after 28 d of access to sunlight compared with covered cows and that the plasma concentration of 25(OH)D₃ was strongly inversely correlated to the body surface area covered. These results are consistent with findings in humans, wherein the vitamin D₃ status of different individuals was inversely proportional to the amount of clothing worn during exposure to artificial sunlight. Hence, it appears that human clothing and cow hair are not comparable with respect to prevention of vitamin D₃ synthesis and that cows, like humans, synthesize vitamin D₃ evenly over their body surface. That vitamin D₃ should be synthesized from sebum on the hair and obtained by cows as a result of grooming is not supported by the findings in the present study either, because large differences were found between the treatment groups. If grooming were the source of vitamin D₃, then a relatively even 25(OH)D₃ concentration between treatments would be expected, because covered cows would obtain vitamin D₃ by grooming uncovered herdmates.     

浅谈热沥青加单一粒径碎石封层技术

针对沥青路面早期水损害的危害,分析了单独设计防水结构层或封层的必要性,详细地介绍了热沥青加单一粒径碎石封层技术,探讨了该热沥青封层技术的应用情况,以推广热沥青封层技术最大限度对沥青路面结构进行保护.     

二灰碎石基层横缝防治研究项目

针对目前公路路面存在的横缝问题,通过试验研究了配合比与横缝的关系、油层厚度与横缝的关系,并对相应的技术措施、研究结果作了总结,从而达到减少横缝、降低养护成本、延长使用年限的目的。     

热拌薄层罩面中SMA-5的配合比设计研究

对热拌薄层罩面中SMA-5级配的选择、最佳油石比的确定以及相关的验证试验进行了分析,通过试验讨论了热拌薄层罩面中SMA-5的配合比设计过程,得出最佳配合比设计的关键为孔隙率的控制。     

两种不同涂层的Ti纤维增强TiAl基复合材料

研究了涂覆单一涂层Ｙ２Ｏ３或Ａｌ２Ｏ３的Ｔｉ纤维增强γＴｉＡｌ基复合材料的界面和性能。动用物理气相沉只法在Ｔｉ比例有面涂覆Ｙ２Ｏ３或Ａｌ２Ｏ３涂层后，然后用类似箔叠法制得了Ｔｉ－Ｙ２Ｏ３／γＴｉＡｌ和Ｔｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３／γ－ＴｉＡｌ复合材料，复合材料的弯曲强度从４４９ＭＰａ提高到５６２ＭＰａ（Ｔｉ－Ｙ２Ｏ３／γ－ＴｉＡｌ）或５７３ＭＰａ（Ｔｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３／γＴｉＡｌ）而且高于纯Ｔｉ纤维增强了ＴｉＡｌ     

小型无人机用整体油箱的研制

介绍小型无人机整体油箱的研制。以小型无人机机体结构作为油箱舱体,内壁涂覆聚氨酯弹性体防渗漏涂层,从而形成整体油箱。此整体油箱已经在两种无人机上得到应用,其特点是重量代价低,死油少,有效载油量大。使用可靠性高。     

一种用于碳纳米管FED的荧光粉SiO2包膜处理

针对用于 FED 的荧光粉应该是适合 FED 特殊工作机理的专用阴极射线激发发光材料,提出一种以绿色荧光粉ZnS:Cu,Al 为基质,采用溶胶一凝胶法在其表面包覆一层 SiO＜2 薄膜作为 FED 用荧光粉.通过对包膜过程中的工艺条件,主要是 TEOS 浓度、溶液的 pH 值和回流温度的改变,在可拆卸式 FED 中研究生成 SiO2 薄膜包复的荧光粉对FED发光性能的影响,从而得到可获得高发光性能 FED 的包复 SiO2薄膜的最佳工艺条件.     

镀锌产品锌层质量和厚度的测定方法

介绍并对比镀锌板、带、丝、棒、管以及涂塑产品锌层质量和厚度在测定中执行的不同标准、计算公式、取样量和对天平精度的要求;指出测定锌层质量和厚度的方法主要有重量法、电磁测量法、金相测量法、电化学溶解法。其中重量法由于简单易操作,不仅在国内外广泛应用,而且在仲裁试验时也常用此法。