基于博弈理论的农田能量异构网络节点协同资源利用

针对无线传感器网络中耗能不均问题,以及可再生能源节点在农田无线传感器网络中应用的具体情况,将博弈理论引入无线传感器网络能耗问题研究中,建立了基于博弈理论的节点成簇方法,实现提高可再生能源利用率、均衡非可再生能源节点能耗的目标。方法首先建立簇收益与簇内节点收益评估模型,进行簇收益计算、簇内的两类能量异构节点个体收益的计算。在计算簇收益和节点收益的基础上进行节点成簇博弈,使得成簇方案向收益更高的策略空间进行跳转,最终达到博弈中的均衡状态。仿真实验表明,通过博弈进行无线传感器网络成簇,能够充分利用可再生能源节点能量,降低和均衡非可再生能源节点能耗,最终达到延长网络寿命的目标。     

一种新的融合情景的美食推荐算法

针对传统协同过滤推荐算法不适用于情景因素,严重影响用户行为的这类场景,提出一种融合情景的推荐算法,并将该算法应用于美食推荐。首先,运用由情景属性构造向量表示情景,将情景信息作为一个重要因素添加到兴趣模型中,从而产生U-I-C兴趣模型。根据用户在不同情景下使用方式的不同,重新创建当前用户与各情景相对应的子用户,得到以情景作为标识的用户-项目评分矩阵。针对融合情景的兴趣模型易产生数据稀疏问题,设计利用改进的W-SlopeOne算法对未知评分进行填充;并通过对相似度公式进行优化,进而更加准确地找到当前用户的近邻,为用户提供更加有效的推荐服务。最后,通过实验验证该算法的有效性。     

基于欧氏空间相似度的云模型协同过滤算法

传统的基于余弦相似度度量的云模型协同过滤推荐算法未考虑特征向量的长度和维度,忽略了三个重要数字特征云期望、熵和超熵的关系,如各数字特征具有不同的性质和权重,导致特征丢失、区分度过小的问题。针对这些问题,提出了一种采用标准化的多维欧几里德相似度计算方法,通过将三个数字特征映射为三维空间的点,计算经指数函数标准化的欧几里德相似度,生成更合理的用户k近邻集,最终产生推荐。实验结果表明,该相似度计算方法能够为云特征向量提供更显著的区分度,并在一定程度上提高了推荐质量。     

一种基于项目属性评分的协同过滤推荐算法

协同过滤是电子商务推荐系统中应用最成功的推荐技术之一,但面临着严峻的用户评分数据稀疏性和推荐精度低等问题。针对数据稀疏性高和单一评分导致的推荐精度低等问题,提出一种基于项目属性评分的协同过滤推荐算法。首先通过均值法或缩放法构造用户-项目属性评分矩阵将单一评分转化为多评分;其次基于每个属性评分矩阵,计算用户间的偏好相似度,得到目标用户的偏好最近邻居集;然后针对每个最近邻居集,在用户-项目评分矩阵上完成对目标用户的初步评分预测;最后,将多个初步预测评分加权求和作为综合评分,完成推荐。在Movie Lens扩展数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高推荐精度。     

Optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance

The primary concern of traditional Byzantine fault tolerance is to ensure strong replica consistency by executing incoming requests sequentially according to a total order. Speculative execution at both clients and server replicas has been proposed as a way of reducing the end-to-end latency. In this article, we introduce optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance aims to achieve higher throughput and lower end-to-end latency by using a weaker replica consistency model. Instead of ensuring strong safety as in traditional Byzantine fault tolerance, nonfaulty replicas are brought to a consistent state periodically and on-demand in optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Not all applications are suitable for optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. We identify three types of applications, namely, realtime collaborative editing, event stream processing, and services constructed with conflict-free replicated data types, as good candidates for applying optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Furthermore, we provide a design guideline on how to achieve eventual consistency and how to recover from conflicts at different replicas. In optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance, a replica executes a request immediately without first establishing a total order of the message, and Byzantine agreement is used only to establish a common state synchronization point and the set of individual states needed to resolve conflicts. The recovery mechanism ensures both replica consistency and the validity of the system by identifying and removing the operations introduced by faulty clients and server replicas.     

基于CATIA的三维地质建模关键技术研究

CATIA三维协同设计软件已逐渐成为水电工程三维协同设计的软件平台,为二维设计向三维设计的转变和开展多专业间的协同设计提供了丰富的功能和解决方案.介绍了在CATIA上实现三维地质建模的关键技术,即地形模型的建立,地层模型的建立,包括平面地质图文件导入、剖面图文件导入、钻孔数据导入、地质体生成等.在掌握上述关键技术后,可...     

基于多色图理论的协同设计多级版本管理模型

针对产品协同设计过程中版本管理模型的问题进行研究.通过对现有的版本管理模型优缺点进行分析,在多色集合理论和多色图理论研究的基础上,结合产品协同设计版本具有多版本、动态性和关联性的特点,提出了基于多色图理论的协同设计多级版本管理模型,并给出其形式化描述与定义,给出了一个实例,利用该模型实现版本的回溯算法,证明了模型的有效性.     

基于.NET的柔性办公自动化系统的开发

随着信息技术的发展和企业信息化的逐步深入,传统的办公自动化系统已经难以满足办公事物的要求,难以支持企业日趋复杂的办公事务。采用.NET平台,研究和探讨了柔性化协同办公系统的实现过程,从而促进企业工作效率和管理水平的的提升。     

Structural reproduction of social networks in computer-mediated communication forums

This study explores the relationship between the structure of an existing social network and the structure of an emergent discussion-board network in an undergraduate university class. Thirty-one students were issued with laptop computers that remained in their possession for the duration of the semester. While using these machines, participants' email log files were collected directly from the University's email servers. The analysis compared structural attributes of actors evident in their social network with the emergent structural properties measured from interactions in a shared discussion board environment. A significant relationship was found between the existing social network structure and the emergent communication patterns, suggesting that existing relationships have a strong influence on subsequent computer-mediated communication. Additional matrices were used to control for gender, major and perceived computer efficacy, none of which had a significant effect.     

Virtual reality for collaborative e-learning

In the past, the term e-learning referred to any method of learning that used electronic delivery methods. With the advent of the Internet however, e-learning has evolved and the term is now most commonly used to refer to online courses. A multitude of systems are now available to manage and deliver learning content online. While these have proved popular, they are often single-user learning environments which provide little in the way of interaction or stimulation for the student. As the concept of lifelong learning now becomes a reality and thus more and more people are partaking in online courses, researchers are constantly exploring innovative techniques to motivate online students and enhance the e-learning experience. This article presents our research in this area and the resulting development of CLEV-R, a Collaborative Learning Environment with Virtual Reality. This web-based system uses Virtual Reality (VR) and multimedia and provides communication tools to support collaboration among students. In this article, we describe the features of CLEV-R, its adaptation for mobile devices and present the findings from an initial evaluation.