News & notes.

This column contains information of interest to members of APA's Division 26. Included are information about the Society for the History of Psychology's web site; Division 26 news items (call for officer nominations and the past president's letter); minutes of the 2004 business meeting; a report from the 36th annual meeting of Cheiron, along with a call for papers for the 37th annual meeting; a report from the Wellcome Trust; and information about APA Federal Policy Fellowship deadlines. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

组播环境下组成员匿名性研究

论文在分析网络环境下为通讯实体如何提供匿名性基本方法的基础上讨论组播通讯中的组成员匿名性问题,给出了一种安全匿名组通讯框架,引进使用了SNAP(SecureNonlocalAnonymizingProtocol)协议提供本地匿名性,能够满足组成员的发送者匿名性和接收者匿名性需要,并能抵抗流量分析攻击。     

高强钢焊接箱形截面压弯构件局部稳定试验研究

为研究高强钢压弯构件的局部稳定性能，对5个Q460C和5个Q690D钢焊接箱形截面构件进行了单向偏压试验，分析了其破坏形式、局部稳定性能以及承载力；将实测承载力与欧洲规范EN 1993-1、我国标准GB 50017—2017和美国规范ANSI/AISC 360-16相关公式计算结果相比较，以验证各规范对Q460C钢和Q690D钢焊接箱形截面压弯构件屈曲后强度计算的适用性。研究结果表明：所有高强钢焊接箱形截面压弯构件均在柱中附近发生局部屈曲破坏；由轴向压力-轴向压缩变形或轴向压力-水平位移曲线可知，其为极值点失稳；构件的轴向压力-水平位移或轴向压力-应变曲线的形状和局部屈曲模式有关；在翼缘宽厚比为28.1～56.3、腹板高厚比为40.2～80.4、偏心距为20～50 mm范围之内，EN 1993-1和GB 50017—2017中的屈曲后强度计算公式仍然适用于Q460C和Q690D钢焊接箱形截面压弯构件，而ANSI/AISC 360-16中的相关公式需要进一步修正。     

储层敏感性机理及防治对策研究

王庄油田郑408块沙三段属于敏感性储层,现场采用冷采、蒸汽吞吐、注入CO2、HDCS等多种开采方式,效果均不理想。在对该区块储层特征、敏感性机理深入研究的基础上,得出黏土矿物含量相对较高,其中蒙脱石含量平均高达41%,致使储层具有强~极强水敏性,因此认为黏土矿物是影响储层渗透率、制约开发效果的主要因素。蒙脱石在富钙环境中会产生钙基蒙脱石,在富钠环境中会产生钠基蒙脱石。蒙脱石具有三层水结构:表层水、层间水和晶格水,失水由易到难,当温度达到300℃时,蒙脱石失去膨胀性能;长期在高温(800~1000℃)下,蒙脱石晶格破坏,产生相变,转化为莫来石和方石英。因此,实施注汽热采需把蒸汽温度提高到250~300℃,干度保持在70%。室内防膨静态和防膨流动实验表明,当SLAS-3防膨剂浓度为1.5%,黏土膨胀率为0,可以很好地起到抑制黏土膨胀的作用。该项成果的取得对指导王庄油田郑408块的开发具有重要的实用价值,同时也为同类油藏的开发提供了一定的借鉴。     

领导-部属交换对组织负面影响机制研究——印象管理的研究视角

在34个团队共688份问卷的基础上,从资源为导向的发展观出发,探讨领导-部属交换水平对员工职业成长的影响机制,并检验了领导-部属交换差异性在上述资源分配影响过程中的调节作用。通过跨层次的研究方法,研究发现领导-部属交换水平对员工职业成长有正向相关作用,并且对员工的迎合行为有正向影响,员工迎合行为在上述影响过程中起到中介作用。在探讨领导-部属交换差异性对上述影响机制的调节作用时,通过数据发现,领导-部属交换差异性在领导-部属交换水平对员工职业成长的影响中有调节作用。阐述了上述研究结论所产生的原因,探讨了领导-部属交换过程领导所面临的双重困境。     

Flexural buckling of simply-supported thin-walled columns with consideration of membrane shear deformations: Analytical solutions based on shell model

In this paper, flexural buckling of pin-ended thin-walled columns is discussed. The classical formulae for the critical force are based on a beam model. The simplest formulae use the classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, but solutions based on the shear-deformable beam theory are also known. In the presented research alternative formulae are derived. The column is modeled as a set of flat plane elements, and the in-plane membrane shear deformations are explicitly considered. The derivations can be carried out in various, slightly different ways, leading to different formulae. The derived critical force formulae are discussed through theoretical considerations and numerical studies.     

预应力轴心受拉钢构件高温性能试验及理论研究

进行了3根预应力轴心受拉钢构件高温试验研究。试验结果表明，高温下预应力轴心受拉构件中内置拉索和钢管所承受荷载比例随温度的变化而不断变化。升温初期拉索张力随温度升高不断增大，预应力轴心受拉钢构件轴向位移平稳发展，在达到峰值后，拉索张力随升温时间的延长而不断降低。在临界状态下，轴向位移增长很快， 预应力受拉构件中拉索均被拉断，外部钢管发生不同程度的颈缩现象。在试验结果的基础上，建立了预应力轴心受拉钢构件的有限元分析模型，得到了高温作用下预应力轴心拉杆中拉索张力和预应力钢杆轴向位移的时程全曲线。参数分析的结果表明：在其他条件相同时，预应力轴心受拉钢构件失效时的临界温度随着荷载比的增加而降低；当预应力比小于08时，预应力比对预应力轴心受拉钢构件失效时的临界温度的影响较小，当预应力比等于08时，预应力轴心受拉钢构件失效时的临界温度显著的提高；在其他条件相同时，预应力轴心受拉钢构件失效的临界温度随约束刚度比的增大而增大。最后对高温下预应力轴心受拉钢构件进行了理论分析，推导出预应力轴心受拉钢构件高温下差分计算方法，并以此为基础编写程序。通过计算结果与试验结果的对比，证明了差分计算方法的正确性。     

Visualization of load transfer behaviour between geogrid and sand using PFC

Geogrids have been widely used to improve the soil mechanical behaviour in geotechnical engineering. In order to investigate the load transfer behaviour between the geogrid and sand, a numerical compound tensile test (in sand) with one geogrid tensile member has been carried out using PFC^2D. In this study, sand was modelled as unbonded particles using the linear contact stiffness model, while the geogrid was modelled as bonded particles using the piecewise linear model which has been developed based on the parallel bond model. Calibrations have been performed by comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental data. The load transfer behaviour between the geogrid and sand has been visualized by geogrid force and displacement distributions along the geogrid, contact force changes in the specimen and rotations of the sand particles in the vicinity of the geogrid at different clamp displacements. The DEM simulation results show that PFC^2D can be used as a practical tool to visualize the load transfer behaviour between the geogrid and sand. Furthermore, the visualization results provide researchers more insights into the interface behaviour between the geogrid and sand at a microscopic scale.     

不锈钢焊接工字形截面残余应力分布试验研究

通过焊接加工10个不锈钢工字形截面试件（选材包括奥氏体型S30408和双相型S22253两种），采用分割法将试件截面切分成条带，量测释放的残余应变，计算得出截面的残余应力大小与分布形态。结果表明：试件截面的残余拉应力峰值低于材料的名义屈服强度，对于奥氏体型S30408和双相型S22253两种不锈钢试件的截面残余拉应力峰值分别约为其名义屈服强度的80%和60%。基于试验结果对现有简化分布模型的评估表明其应用的局限性，提出可以较准确描述不锈钢焊接工字形截面残余应力分布的建议简化模型，结合现有的其他试验数据，对建议简化分布模型的适用范围进行了验证和推广，可以为不锈钢结构构件的稳定性研究和设计提供参考。     

预制墙体钢板抗剪键连接数值模拟研究

通过对预制装配式剪力墙钢板抗剪键连接形式进行试验和数值模拟研究,分析了该种连接形式受力性能,包括承载力、抗震性能和延性性质,试验共设计了五组尺寸相同试件,采用ABAQUS有限元软件对其模拟,将得出数值结果与试验结果作了对比,结果表明:该种连接形式具有一定的承载力,在轴压为正时试件具有很好的延性,试验和数值结果较好吻合。