金属材料断裂准则研究进展

介绍了金属材料断裂准则的研究进展,包括传统强度理论、现代断裂力学理论及常用断裂准则,并对各种准则的特点进行了简要分析。     

基于LM算法的粘弹性材料剪切松弛模量的拟合

在对粘弹性材料进行有限元计算时,需要材料的剪切松弛模量,必须对经验公式或实验数据进行转换。根据KWW经验公式与广义Maxwell剪切松弛函数的对应关系,列出了求解松弛时间与剪切松弛模量的超定非线性方程组,用LM优化算法得到了方程组的最优解。初步讨论了初值的选取方法。根据此方法得到的松弛时间与剪切松弛模量的拟合曲线的拟合度达到了0.99以上。所提出的方法也适用于用实验数据(随时间变化的应力应变)求解材料的剪切松弛模量。     

A study on the effect of polishing fluid volume in ball end magnetorheological finishing process

Ball end magnetorheological finishing is a unique process that utilizes a magnetically controlled ball of polishing fluid at the tip of the rotating tool to finish workpiece of different materials and shapes. The aim of this research is to study the effect of polishing fluid volume on finishing spot size and the surface finish associated with it. A magnetostatic simulation is done to find the variation of flux density in the working gap and on the workpiece surface. The maximum limit of the polishing fluid volume is selected on the basis of area of threshold magnetic flux density (minimum value required for finishing) region on the workpiece surface. The surface characteristics and the diameter of the finished spot are analyzed by varying the fluid volume. The surface obtained with high fluid volume is poorly finished and has scratch marks as the excess fluid flows out from the working gap and forms a thick ring at the periphery of the tool tip. Contrary to this, if the fluid volume is too less, then it merely rotates over the workpiece surface without causing any finishing action. An optimum range of fluid volume produces a good quality surface finish with constant finished spot size.     

超空泡射弹尾拍运动流固耦合动力学响应研究

基于ANSYS软件和CFX软件的双向隐式交错迭代法对超空泡射弹尾拍运动过程中的流固耦合响应进行了研究,结构响应仿真采用有限元法、流场仿真采用分相流模型和SST湍流模型,重点比较分析了流固耦合作用对射弹运动姿态和流体动力的影响,给出了尾拍过程中弹体应力的变化规律.     

木材断裂解离分形特征与分形断裂力学模型研究

目的 以椴木为研究对象,研究冲击载荷作用下椴木试件的断裂解离形貌特征和断裂力学特性,建立适用于木材原料断裂解离的分形断裂力学模型,并对其断裂解离力学行为进行描述。方法 对椴木试件进行冲击加载试验,分析试件断口的形貌特征和断裂力学特性,构建适用于木材原料断裂解离的分形断裂力学模型。结果 椴木试件横向冲击断裂断口裂纹形状和断口形貌特征比纵向冲击复杂,横、纵向冲击断裂断口均具有分形特征;椴木试件纵向冲击断裂韧性均值是横向冲击断裂韧性均值的1.112倍,椴木试件横、纵向冲击断口的分形维数均值分别为2.063 5和2.075 1,椴木试件横、纵向冲击韧性与其断口分形维数之间存在线性正相关关系,拟合优度分别为0.778 7和0.812 2;构建的木材原料断裂解离临界解离应力和断裂韧性的分形断裂力学模型也适用于脆性材料。结论 在木材原料冲击断裂解离时,木材原料初始裂纹长度越短,断裂解离断口越粗糙复杂,木材原料断裂解离所需要的能量越大;当裂纹沿着与冲击加载力方向垂直成大约1.055rad方向扩展时所需的能量最小,木材原料最易沿该方向进行断裂解离。     

Computational Parametric Analysis of Cellular Solids with the Miura-Ori Metamaterial Geometry under Quasistatic Compressive Loads

Origami-based metamaterials have widespread application prospects in various industries including aerospace, automotive, flexible electronics, and civil engineering structures. Among the wide range of origami patterns, the fourfold tessellation known as Miura-ori is of particular attraction to engineers and designers. More specifically, researchers have proposed different 3D structures and metamaterials based on the geometric characteristics of this classic origami pattern. Herein, a computational modeling approach for the design and evaluation of 3D cellular solids with the Miura-ori metamaterial geometry which can be of zero or nonzero thicknesses is presented. To this end, first, a range of design alternatives generated based on a numerical parametric model is designed. Next, their mechanical properties and failure behavior under quasistatic axial compressive loads along three perpendicular directions are analyzed. Then, the effects of various geometric parameters on their energy absorption behavior under compression in the most appropriate direction are investigated. The findings of this study provide a basis for future experimental investigations and the potential application of such cellular solids for energy-absorbing purposes.     

“编译原理”全英文授课模式探索

计算思维和英语思维是计算机专业学生专业化和国际化应具备的必要素质,然而目前还缺乏一套切实可行、行之有效的素质教育操作办法和模式。文章从计算思维和元认知策略的理论出发,探索编译原理的全英文授课模式,提出普通高校学生在计算机专业课中开展全英文授课的教学思想和教学方法,并指出运用元知识策略提高非英文专业学生的学习兴趣,使其形成强烈的学习动机、培养学生的自主学习能力。文章还讨论了词汇策略和英语思维,例举一些实践案例,最后提出一些尚待研究的问题。     

Adaptive thresholding algorithm: Efficient computation technique based on intelligent block detection for degraded document images

Document image binarization involves converting gray level images into binary images, which is a feature that has significantly impacted many portable devices in recent years, including PDAs and mobile camera phones. Given the limited memory space and the computational power of portable devices, reducing the computational complexity of an embedded system is of priority concern. This work presents an efficient document image binarization algorithm with low computational complexity and high performance. Integrating the advantages of global and local methods allows the proposed algorithm to divide the document image into several regions. A threshold surface is then constructed based on the diversity and the intensity of each region to derive the binary image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing a promising binarization outcome and low computational cost.     

Three dimensional numerical simulations of long-span bridge aerodynamics, using block-iterative coupling and DES

The design of long-span bridges often depends on wind tunnel testing of sectional or full aeroelastic models. Some progress has been made to find a computational alternative to replace these physical tests. In this paper, an innovative computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is presented, where the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) is solved through a self-developed code combined with an ANSYS-CFX solver. Then an improved CFD method based on block-iterative coupling is also proposed. This method can be readily used for two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) structure modelling. Detached-Eddy simulation for 3D viscous turbulent incompressible flow is applied to the 3D numerical analysis of bridge deck sections. Firstly, 2D numerical simulations of a thin airfoil demonstrate the accuracy of the present CFD method. Secondly, numerical simulations of a U-shape beam with both 2D and 3D modelling are conducted. The comparisons of aerodynamic force coefficients thus obtained with wind tunnel test results well meet the prediction that 3D CFD simulations are more accurate than 2D CFD simulations. Thirdly, 2D and 3D CFD simulations are performed for two generic bridge deck sections to produce their aerodynamic force coefficients and flutter derivatives. The computed values agree well with the available computational and wind tunnel test results. Once again, this demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed 3D CFD simulations. Finally, the 3D based wake flow vision is captured, which shows another advantage of 3D CFD simulations. All the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed 3D CFD method has good accuracy and significant benefits for aerodynamic analysis and computational FSI studies of long-span bridges and other slender structures.