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31.
On the basis of the experimental data, we show that the difference between the macroscopic and microscopic fatigue crack growth rates in the second section of the kinetic diagram of fatigue fracture is caused by the effect of crack closure within the limits of its existence. We establish the relationships between the macroscopic and microscopic fatigue crack growth rates and the structure of the material in the second section of the diagram for various values of the load ratio with regard for the effect of crack closure and propose a procedure of examination of the fracture processes in structural materials based on the analysis of microscopic and macroscopic fatigue crack growth rates. 相似文献
32.
Rotating-bending uniaxial fatigue tests and micro-fatigue crack initiation tests were carried out using a permanent mold cast
(PMC) and semi-solid die cast (SDC) with Al−7%Si−0.35%Mg composition in order to examine the relationship between solidification
structures and fatigue behaviors. The crack length was measured using a replication method. Fatigue strength was improved
in SDC, which was almost consistent with the predicted fatigue strength using the size of Si particle cluster. Resistance
to fatigue crack initiation and fatigue strength were improved in SDC owing to the finer Si cluster and to higher ultimate
tensile strength. Fatigue crack in PMC was preferentially initiated at pores. For SDC, the fatigue crack was initiated at
the Si particle/matrix interface, and then sucessively grew along eutectic cell boundaries. 相似文献
33.
纤维混凝土在水工建筑工程中的应用(上) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述改性混凝土垢发展情况,介绍纤维混凝土在国内外水工建筑物上的应用实例,提出钢纤维增强钢筋混凝土水工建筑结构强度计算方法。包括受弯构件正截面强度,斜截面抗剪强度的计算;重点介绍了网状钢纤维增强混凝土(FOC)在水工建筑物上的应用,包括在渡槽,闸门,小型拦河坝,轻型岸型等工程上的应用实例,T新梁正斜截面的强度计算,板材承载力计算的方法。 相似文献
34.
研究结果表明 :水胶比、胶凝材料用量、钢纤维掺量、矿渣代水泥量对钢纤维砼强度影响显著。当矿渣取代水泥 10 %时 ,钢纤维砼强度最高。经试验选择出一个具有良好和易性和较高强度 (118MPa)的钢纤维砼配合比 ,为掺磨细矿渣的中含量超短异形钢纤维砼的设计和施工提供了试验依据 相似文献
35.
36.
In the paper, a model typical for contact situations of automotive brakes is established based on the method of movable cellular automata. The processes taking place at local contacts in an automotive brake system are analysed. Based on microscopic and micro-analytical observations, the following contact situations were simulated: (i) a couple of ferritic steel against pearlitic steel, both covered by an oxide layer mixed with graphite nanoparticles and (ii) the same situation but without oxide layers. The results of calculated mean coefficients of friction of the oxide-on-oxide contact correspond well to expected values for a real braking system, whereas steel-on-steel contact are twice as high. This allows one to make some conclusions; for example, oxide formation will take place more quickly than friction layer elimination, and finally this is responsible for the stabilisation of the coefficient of friction. 相似文献
37.
Toshihiko Hoshide Junpei Fujita 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2008,17(5):627-632
Strength of ground ceramics may be affected by residual stress as well as surface flaws induced by grinding. Strength prediction
for ground ceramics is convenient for mechanical design of ceramic components. In this article, a numerical procedure based
on fracture mechanics was proposed to estimate strength distribution of ground ceramics by considering grinding-induced residual
stress. Bending strength and residual stress of ground ceramics were measured for three grinding-conditions. By comparison
of simulated results with experimental ones, it was revealed that strength characteristics in experiments were well simulated
by using the proposed procedure. 相似文献
38.
39.
Polyelectrolite hydrogels are crosslinked polymers which display high sorption capacity in water and water solutions. They are widely used in the marked of personal hygiene products, as well as in other biomedical and industrial applications. In the most industrial application they are not biodegradable and prepared starting from acrylamide.In this work, the chemical-physical analysis of a novel class of natural polymers-based microporous superabsorbent hydrogels has been presented. The main focus is the definition of the relationship between material's chemical-physical structure and its equilibrium sorption properties.The effect of the variation of the degree of crosslinking, the polyelectrolyte nature of the backbone and the hydrogel microporosity on its swelling properties has been analysed, and a good agreement with the theoretical statements has been displayed.The effect of the ionic strength and the pH of the external solution in contact with the hydrogel on its equilibrium sorption properties has also been assessed, and an high sensitivity to these variations was detected for all the tested chemical compositions and physical structures.This work have to be considered part of the efforts towards the reduction of the environmental impact of the large scale consumption industrial polymer based products. 相似文献
40.