ABC分析法和挣值法在责任成本管理中的应用

结合责任成本管理相关理论，分别介绍了ABC分析法和挣值法的概念、作用，并结合具体实例，阐述了两种方法在责任成本管理中的应用，以期指导实践，科学有效地进行成本管理。     

Finding rectilinear least cost paths in the presence of convex polygonal congested regions

This paper considers the problem of finding the least cost rectilinear distance path in the presence of convex polygonal congested regions. We demonstrate that there are a finite, though exponential number of potential staircase least cost paths between a specified pair of origin–destination points. An upper bound for the number of entry/exit points of a rectilinear path between two points specified a priori in the presence of a congested region is obtained. Based on this key finding, a “memory-based probing algorithm” is proposed for the problem and computational experience for various problem instances is reported. A special case where polynomial time solutions can be obtained has also been outlined.     

VD/VOD精炼炉真空罐体的优化设计

通过理论计算、Solidworks三维建模和ANSYS有限元分析,并结合成本核算,得出VD/VOD精炼炉真空罐体的优化结构。建议罐体选用圆筒形壳体型式,100 t以下的真空罐体底板采用平底加强筋型式;100 t以上的真空罐体底板采用封头型式。罐体真空密封法兰的密封槽采用单边燕尾形或在矩型密封槽上增加3个档板启闭机构,代替常用的燕尾形密封槽,可有效防止密封圈脱掉,且便于加工。     

论工程项目成本控制与管理

总结了现阶段工程项目成本控制存在的问题,在明确成本控制界限划分的基础上,提出了加强成本控制与管理的措施,以保证建筑施工企业利润最大化,实现可持续发展目标。     

High‐dose cefazolin on consecutive hemodialysis in anuric patients with Staphylococcal bacteremia

Methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia is a leading cause of infection in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Cloxacillin, cefazolin, and vancomycin are the mainstay antimicrobials. Cloxacillin administration leads to frequent drug dosing, longer length of stay (LOS), and higher cost, while resistance and poorer outcomes are associated with vancomycin use. Dosing cefazolin during HD allows for prolonged blood therapeutic levels. We assessed the outcomes and safety of a strategy of treating MSSA bacteremia with 2–3 g cefazolin on HD only. All HD patients with MSSA bacteremia admitted in June–December 2009 at our center and receiving this regime were compared with historical controls who received cloxacillin. Demographic characteristics and outcome measures like mortality, LOS, cost, recrudescence, and adverse drug reactions were assessed. Of 27 consecutive episodes reviewed, 14 and 13 patients received cefazolin and cloxacillin, respectively. Baseline demographics were comparable between the 2 treatment groups. More than one‐third of the bacteremia was related to tunneled catheter infection. The 30‐day mortality of cloxacillin‐ and cefazolin‐treated patients was 15% and 7%, respectively (P=0.14). Two of the 11 survivors treated with cloxacillin (18%) had recrudescent bacteremia while none was observed in cefazolin‐treated survivors. Cefazolin was associated with shorter LOS (10 vs. 20 days, P<0.05) and lower cost (US$8262.00 vs. US$15,367.00, P<0.05). Cefazolin use resulted in 3 idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Cefazolin dosed on each HD in MSSA bacteremia leads to earlier discharge and less cost. Larger prospective studies are, however, warranted to fully assess its safety and efficacy.     

Life cycle assessment of stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) system under on-field conditions of New Delhi,India

In this paper, life cycle analysis has been carried out to evaluate overall performance of given rated stand-alone solar photovoltaic (SAPV) in terms of basic energy matrices, life cycle cost analysis, and earned carbon credit. Further, the experimentally calculated actual on-field life cycle performance results of existing outdoor SAPV system (i.e. almost 20 years old) have been represented with respect to the potential (max.) performance of same SAPV system estimated under same environmental conditions of solar intensity, ambient temperature, PV operating temperature as obtained during actual on-field performance evaluation. This new approach of overall performance evaluation by considering the on-field SAPV system installation as new (i.e. with potential/max. performance) and old (i.e. with actual performance) under same environmental conditions provides an inclusive comparative life cycle assessment of on-field PV system.     

湖南省小型乡镇矿产开采的成本效益分析

从经济学中成本效益分析的角度,对湖南省小型乡镇矿产开采的成本和效益进行分析。其中效益分析和成本分析分别从企业与社会两个方面来进行。     

建设工程价款的支付及利息的计算规则

通过对<建设工程施工合同>通用条款中相关内容的分析,并结合最高人民法院关于建设工程施工合同纠纷的相关解释,确定了五种款项支付时间及其各自利息的计算规则.     

浅析成本管理的实施

本文首先分析了工程项目成本管理的意义所在,然后从目标成本的策划、成本控制、成本管理的纠偏、成本分析四个方面具体阐述了成本管理的实施问题。     

T60支撑体系在中国工程施工中的应用

T60支撑体系是从欧洲引进的先进塔式支撑体系,其承载能力高、灵活、施工效率高,在中国很多工程施工中得到广泛应用,不但减少了施工成本,还加快了施工进度,从而取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益.