降低单层混合建筑整体平移造价的技术措施

针对某单层混合结构建筑整体平移工程,提出在平移过程中保证其强度和刚度的同时又降低工程造价的具体措施,该措施与传统的房屋整体平移方法相比,简单、实用、工期短、强度和刚度易于控制、造价低。可为类似建筑整体平移工程提供参考。     

印度贝拉布尔低收入者住宅的设计解析

低收入者住宅是各个国家普遍关注的一个话题,在实际的许多案例中,造价与品质往往成正比,其结果,是令这些所谓的弱势群体摆脱不了自卑而容易对社会怀有敌意,带来创伤。然而从古至今,恰恰是那些贫穷的人们创造了永世留传的艺术,打造了城市发展的基石。他们应当受到建筑师的重视。本文通过对贝拉布尔低收入住宅实例的分析,试图解析居住品质与住宅造价之间究竟可以有怎样的关系。     

Challenges in Metabolomics-Based Tests,Biomarkers Revealed by Metabolomic Analysis,and the Promise of the Application of Metabolomics in Precision Medicine

Metabolomics helps identify metabolites to characterize/refine perturbations of biological pathways in living organisms. Pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical limitations that have hampered a wide implementation of metabolomics have been addressed. Several potential biomarkers originating from current targeted metabolomics-based approaches have been discovered. Precision medicine argues for algorithms to classify individuals based on susceptibility to disease, and/or by response to specific treatments. It also argues for a prevention-based health system. Because of its ability to explore gene–environment interactions, metabolomics is expected to be critical to personalize diagnosis and treatment. Stringent guidelines have been applied from the very beginning to design studies to acquire the information currently employed in precision medicine and precision prevention approaches. Large, prospective, expensive and time-consuming studies are now mandatory to validate old, and discover new, metabolomics-based biomarkers with high chances of translation into precision medicine. Metabolites from studies on saliva, sweat, breath, semen, feces, amniotic, cerebrospinal, and broncho-alveolar fluid are predicted to be needed to refine information from plasma and serum metabolome. In addition, a multi-omics data analysis system is predicted to be needed for omics-based precision medicine approaches. Omics-based approaches for the progress of precision medicine and prevention are expected to raise ethical issues.     

发电公司报价辅助决策系统研究

为了适应电力市场的需要，建立了发电公司报价辅助决策系统。该系统在完成诸如成本分析等基本功能模块的基础上采用Internet技术，由信息浏览终端、应用程序服务器、历史及实时数据库服务器及防火墙等功能模块组成，其具体实现可以基于Windows系列操作平台及国内外流行的商用数据库平台，采用面向对象的程序设计方法，以VC 6.0等语言为主要开发工具。     

基于微分进化算法的发电商机组出力综合性优化策略

提出了一种新的基于改进微分进化算法的电力市场机组出力综合性优化策略。根据机组出力与市场电价之间的协调联动关系,以交易日售电总利润最大化为目标,综合考虑机组运行成本、阀点效应、环境保护成本、实际报价风险系数,构建了交易日机组分时段出力优化模型,由此得出机组的综合性发电优化方案。设计了一种加入随机扰动因子进行变异以克服收敛早熟的微分进化算法对所构建的具有非线性、非凸特性的动态规划模型进行快速准确地求解。算例的仿真分析结果验证了该方法的可行性和优越性。     

电力设备全寿命周期成本中故障成本的估算

针对全寿命周期成本中故障成本难预测的问题,根据电力设备累积失效概率符合威布尔(Weibull)模型的特点,运用最小二乘法对Weibull模型参数进行估计,计算出设备的期望寿命,从而建立故障成本估算模型。通过比较分析不可修复设备和可修复设备故障成本的计算方式,针对可修复设备平均寿命的特殊性,引进等劣化理论来揭示可修复设备平均寿命之间的关系,并计算出可修复设备的故障成本。算例验证了该方法的有效性。     

黄河三门峡大坝工程现实风险规避刍议

After three ups and downs during the planning and designing stage, the project of the Yellow River Sanmenxia Dam finally completed in 1960. After two times reconstructions and three times change of its operation mode, the dam realizes the working mode of “storing clear water and draining sand-containing water”. On the basis of the lessons learned from the Dam, the paper proposes the idea that an unique ecosystem and living environment have been formed in the middle and lower valley of Yellow River. Sanmenxia dam cannot be abandoned or blowed up. To construct an ecological system in Yellow River is an effective measure to avoid the risk of Sanmenxia Dam.     

网络环境下国有企业危机公关策略探讨

网络信息的传播呈现覆盖面越来越广、速度越来越快、影响力越来越大、衍生信息越来越多的趋势。由于缺乏有效的法律法规来引导和规范网络环境,使信息传播不能完全做到客观、真实和完整。这些问题的存在,是对国有企业危机公关工作提出的新挑战。只有认真分析网络环境下国有企业面临的危机公关新特点,针对网络环境制定适宜的危机公关策略,才能将网络传播的速度和影响力转化为企业发展的契机和助力。     

High‐dose cefazolin on consecutive hemodialysis in anuric patients with Staphylococcal bacteremia

Methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia is a leading cause of infection in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Cloxacillin, cefazolin, and vancomycin are the mainstay antimicrobials. Cloxacillin administration leads to frequent drug dosing, longer length of stay (LOS), and higher cost, while resistance and poorer outcomes are associated with vancomycin use. Dosing cefazolin during HD allows for prolonged blood therapeutic levels. We assessed the outcomes and safety of a strategy of treating MSSA bacteremia with 2–3 g cefazolin on HD only. All HD patients with MSSA bacteremia admitted in June–December 2009 at our center and receiving this regime were compared with historical controls who received cloxacillin. Demographic characteristics and outcome measures like mortality, LOS, cost, recrudescence, and adverse drug reactions were assessed. Of 27 consecutive episodes reviewed, 14 and 13 patients received cefazolin and cloxacillin, respectively. Baseline demographics were comparable between the 2 treatment groups. More than one‐third of the bacteremia was related to tunneled catheter infection. The 30‐day mortality of cloxacillin‐ and cefazolin‐treated patients was 15% and 7%, respectively (P=0.14). Two of the 11 survivors treated with cloxacillin (18%) had recrudescent bacteremia while none was observed in cefazolin‐treated survivors. Cefazolin was associated with shorter LOS (10 vs. 20 days, P<0.05) and lower cost (US$8262.00 vs. US$15,367.00, P<0.05). Cefazolin use resulted in 3 idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Cefazolin dosed on each HD in MSSA bacteremia leads to earlier discharge and less cost. Larger prospective studies are, however, warranted to fully assess its safety and efficacy.