Striking Patterns: Contemporary Ikat Design and Its Future

This review presents the results of a conference on ikat textiles organized in the context of the exhibition Striking Patterns: Global Traces in Local Ikat Fashion at the Museum der Kulturen Basel, Switzerland (October 2016 to March 2017). Academics and professional experts, some of them working for NGOs, debated often neglected potentialities as well as the future of contemporary ikat design and other intricately patterned handwoven textiles: the significance of new patterns; intellectual property rights; and educational encouragement. The general focus lay on the controversially perceived innovation of textile patterns in Indonesia and Timor-Leste. We will here present the main arguments of the discussion and our own suggestions for further research.     

Neutral fitness landscapes in signalling networks

Biological and technological systems process information by means of cascades of signals. Be they interacting genes, spiking neurons or electronic transistors, information travels across these systems, producing, for each set of external conditions, an appropriate response. In technology, circuits performing specific complex tasks are designed by humans. In biology, however, design has to be ruled out, confronting us with the question of how these systems could have arisen by accumulation of small changes. The key factor is the genotype-phenotype map. With the exception of RNA folding, not much is known about the exact nature of this mapping. Here, we show that structure of the genotype-phenotype map of simple feed-forward circuits is very close to the ones found in RNA; they have a large degree of neutrality, by which a circuit can be completely rewired keeping its input-output function intact, and there is a relatively small neighbourhood of a given circuit containing almost all the phenotypes.     

百年江苏乡村建设文化景观图像变迁的类型学研究

江苏水网密布、物产丰富、人文荟萃,人们在乡村建设过程中创造了以文化物证为主要特征的聚落景观,以及与地方政治、经济、文化、科技等相关联的非物质文化景观。在新时代乡村建设语境下,通过系统地观察百年来江苏乡村建设文化景观图像变迁的轨迹,旨为江苏乡村振兴的全面实施和探寻内生的文化凝聚力提供参考依据。从类型学研究视角,通过类同研究与异质研究,解析20世纪初至今江苏乡村建设文化景观的生成逻辑。百年江苏乡村建设文化景观图像按照功能可分为四大类型,即生态景观、产业景观、生活景观和生命景观,它们四位一体、融合共生,共同构建起百年江苏乡村建设的文化景观系统,记录着江苏乡建百年的变迁轨迹与集体的文化记忆。     

Multiculturalism: Questions, Not Answers.

A reply by Richard B. Stuart regarding the comment by Stolle, Hutz, and Sommers-Flanagan (see record 2005-13212-019). The American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines on multiculturalism (APA, 2002b) exhort psychologists to recognize and control their personal biases and to strive to "apply culturally appropriate skills in clinical and other applied psychological practices" (p. 3). My article (see record 2004-10365-001) offered 12 suggestions aimed at helping psychologists follow these mandates. It was motivated by the fear that some well-intended attempts to appreciate diversity could inadvertently contribute to the very insensitivity they were intended to prevent. It is my view that group influences are extremely important in shaping individual identity, but the effect of culture on a given individual cannot be verified without consulting that person directly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Using a multicultural lens to understand illnesses among Haitians living in America.

Currently, ethnic and racial minority individuals represent a large proportion of the U.S. population, and researchers expect that they will represent the majority of the population by 2050. This shift in U.S. demographics calls for a greater awareness and integration of cultural issues into the assessment and treatment of ethnically and linguistically diverse clients. This article examines the unique beliefs and manifestations of illnesses among Haitians in connection with the American Psychological Association's (APA, 2002) Multicultural Guidelines. The authors use a common culture-bound syndrome, Séizisman, to illustrate the cultural beliefs, assessment, and treatment of illnesses among Haitians. In so doing, they demonstrate how to incorporate the APA Multicultural Guidelines into treatment with clients of diverse cultural and racial backgrounds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Confucian and Socratic learning.

Replies to the comments by R. A. R. Gurung (see record 2003-03405-011) and J. Li (see record 2003-03405-012) regarding comments on the article by R. G. Tweed and D. R. Lehman (2001) which stated that a Confucian-Socratic framework provides a structure for analyzing culture-influenced aspects of academic learning. In this article, Tweed and Lehman argued that these ancient exemplars model approaches to learning continue to differentiate students within a modern Canadian postsecondary context. In this reply, Tweed and Lehman advise caution in how Gurung placed their Confucian-Socratic framework within the context of prior theory on education and epistemological development because these models were developed exclusively in the West. Furthermore, Tweed and Lehman believe that Li's argument misinterpreted their article, and that they should of consistently used the term "personal reform" rather than "behavioral reform" in order to communicate the depth of personal change envisioned by Confucius. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

地域文化视域下旅游文创产品设计研究

目的 探索旅游文创产品在地域文化的滋养下所造就的各种设计形式与创新方法。方法 我国的地域文化一直随着时代的脚步在传承发展着,其中的精华元素给了文化艺术设计领域以可贵的经验和全新的灵感。本文正是基于这一现实发展背景,从文创产品设计的应用与发展视角出发,提出将地域文化元素与旅游文创产品设计的融合可能,并以两者结合的重要价值为依据,深入总结旅游文创产品设计中的挖掘元素、找准受众、丰富类别等思路,探讨了文化、功能、情感等层面的有效应用与创新。结论 地域文化视域下旅游文创产品设计应以丰富的内涵和文化属性迎合当代人的审美观,并以人民日常生活与地域文化为主要参考,突出设计者的独特创意,构建人与产品、文化的完美结合体,以丰富而独特的旅游文创产品求得良好的社会效果。     

数字博物馆的角色代入类叙事设计研究

目的 用讲故事的设计方法讲述博物馆文物背后的故事,引发用户的情景体验和情感共鸣,提升数字博物馆的文化体验。方法 以叙事学理论和方法为基础,运用文献研究、逻辑论证等研究方法,分析了用户、博物馆文物资源和叙事设计三者间的内在联系,在此基础上构建了角色代入类叙事设计模型,并以西汉南越王博物馆为个案展开设计实践。结果 角色代入类叙事设计通过博物馆文物故事来确定叙事主题,用视觉元素和多元形式内容来搭建叙事空间,由用户通过界面交互主导故事情节设计,从而建立用户对文化情境的深度感知。角色代入类叙事设计能从用户的感知层面和情感层面提升数字博物馆的文化体验。结论 角色代入类叙事设计能实现数字博物馆文化体验在感知深度和参与效度上的拓展,其核心是对用户的感官认知和情感体验的洞察和满足,为当下数字博物馆的开发与优化提供新的设计路径。     

基于五维价值感知的文博文创产品消费需求洞察

目的 通过五维价值感知模型,洞察新生代群体文博文创消费需求的影响因素,从而为构建产品策略与设计方法奠定基础。方法 以文化消费与价值感知理论为基础,以情感、文化、社会、功能与价格价值感知为变量,对文博文创消费需求影响因素及其关系提出研究假设;通过问卷调研获取相关数据,应用SPSS分析工具进行数据分析,并进行假设检验。结果 得出情感价值感知是新生代群体文博文创消费需求的首要影响因素;文化价值感知是影响消费需求的关键因素;社会价值感知对文博文创消费需求具有重要影响;功能价值感知是必备而非显著性影响因素;价格价值感知基于新生代细分群体差异较大,对消费决策呈不同影响。结论 关注独特、共鸣、颜值与趣味交织的情感体验,满足基于文化认知、文化认同动机的文化探寻诉求,塑造自我价值与社交货币相互催化的社会价值感知,期待实现技术赋能下的“新文创”产品功能价值,构建满足价格预期与心理账户的文博文创产品层级体系,将对文博文创消费意愿提升具有显著影响。     

吉祥元素在文创产品设计中的融入

目的 探索吉祥元素与文创产品设计的融合可能性,分析科学、有效的实践方式。方法 吉祥元素既是一种文化形态,也是一种多元化的文化资源,其不仅与人们的生活紧密相关,还凭借自身丰富而美好的内涵和寓意传承至今。将吉祥元素作为研究对象,深入分析其在当今时代中所面临的机遇与挑战,提出将其融入文创产品设计中,借助文创产品的发展优势和受众特点获得传承与新生的可能性。除了研究吉祥元素整体特点和价值外,还对其具体融入文创产品的发展方向和实施策略进行了探索,并结合实际从吉祥元素的符号提取、内涵挖掘、价值呈现等层面,综合探究这一元素符号在文创产品设计中的艺术化表现和创新性表达。结论 吉祥元素的文化价值和审美价值有目共睹,其与文创产品设计的融合,只要能够找到合适的开发模式和路径,结合其精髓进行创意设计,就可以实现自身的重生,促进文创产业的长远发展。