Direct observation and modelling of the crack–fibre interaction process in continuous fibre-reinforced ceramics: model experiment

The effect of the matrix–fibre interface bonding and debonding condition on the crack growth behaviour in a fibre-reinforced ceramic matrix composite was studied using a model glass fibre-reinforced PMMA matrix composite. The crack growth process from a centre notch is monitored using a compression splitting test. From direct observation three characteristic stages can be identified in the crack growth process of the composite, namely elastic constraint (stage I), matrix crack bowing (stage II) and crack bridging (stage III). Partial interface debonding occurs at the end of stage I and cylindrical interface debonding occurs at the end of stage II. The crack growth rate is accelerated just after the onset of interface partial debonding and this indicates that a debonded interface reduces the crack growth resistance. The partial interface debonding which occurs before fibre breaking plays an important role on the crack growth mechanism.     

Toughness of interfaces from initial fiber-matrix debonding in a single fiber composite fragmentation test

We present new theoretical and experimental results which demonstrate that the degree of fiber-matrix bonding can be quantified by means of the interface energy for the initiation of debonding, rather than by using a stress-based interfacial parameter. A one-dimensional model for the energy necessary to initiate/nucleate an interfacial crack from its associated transverse fiber break during a single fiber fragmentation test is proposed. The interface energy for the initiation of debonding is shown to be a function of the fiber and matrix geometrical and material characteristics, and of the initial debonding length. The validity of the approach is demonstrated in the case of fragmentation of sized and unsized E-glass fibers embedded in an UV-cured polymeric matrix.     

In situ study of short-beam shear tests for composite materials

The shear behaviour of a unidirectional E-glass/epoxy composite was studied with four-point short-beam bending tests carried out in the interior of a scanning electron microscope. The damage process of the composite was followed during the tests and the local matrix shear strain was measured. A relationship was established experimentally between the beam shear stress and the local interface shear strain. Finite element calculations gave the correct stress distribution in the beam.     

Fracture analysis of composite co‐cured structural joints using decohesion elements

Delamination is one of the predominant forms of failure in laminated composite structures, especially when there is no reinforcement in the thickness direction. To develop composite structures that are more damage tolerant, it is necessary to understand how delamination develops, and how it can affect the residual performance. A number of factors such as residual thermal stresses, matrix‐curing shrinkage and manufacturing defects affect how damage will grow in a composite structure. It is important to develop computationally efficient analysis methods that can account for all such factors. The objective of the current work is to apply a newly developed decohesion element to investigate the debond strength of skin‐stiffener composite specimens. The process of initiation of delaminations and the propagation of delamination fronts is investigated. The numerical predictions are compared with published experimental results.     

Analytical and numerical modelling of FRP debonding from concrete substrate under pure shearing

External bonding of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites on the concrete structures has been proved to be an effective and efficient way to strengthen concrete structures. For a FRP strengthened concrete beam, it is usually observed that the failure occurs in the concrete and a thin layer of concrete is attached on the surface of the debonded FRP plate. To study the debond behavior between concrete and FRP composites, an analytical model based on the three-parameter model is developed to study the debonding behavior for the FRP-to-concrete joint under pure shearing. Then, nonlinear FEM analysis is conducted to verify the proposed analytical model. The FEM results shows good agreement with the results from the model. Finally, with the analytical model, sensitivity analyses are performed to study the effect of the interfacial parameters or the geometric parameters on the debonding behavior.     

CFRP加固梁U型锚固效果的数值分析

CFRP与混凝土层间剥离是纤维加固钢筋混凝土梁中最常见的破坏形式,在CFRP端部或沿全梁设置横向U型锚固是目前工程中使用最广泛的防止过早剥离破坏的方法。采用数值计算方法,对比了无U型锚固,端部设置U型锚固以及沿全梁施加U型锚固3种情况下,加固梁的承载力、变形、粘结层的滑移量以及CFRP应变分布,分析研究U型锚固在CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁中的作用。由计算分析结果可知,U型锚固可有效提高加固梁的承载力和刚度,防止过早剥离破坏的发生。在钢筋屈服后,沿全梁设置U型锚固比端部设置U型锚固能够更有效防止发生剥离破坏,但同时也引起CFRP应变分布不均匀,当CFRP被拉断破坏时,沿全梁锚固时加固梁的极限承载力低于端部锚固情形。     

Numerical study on notched steel plate with center hole strengthened by CFRP

Steel members could be damaged and fail to fulfill the requirements of safety after long-term service. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthening turns out to be an excellent method for prolonging its service life. The strengthening technique has been extensively studied in recent decades, however, few researchers concerned about the simulation of steel plates with center hole strengthened by CFRP. Therefore, its mechanical performance was investigated numerically in this study. The numerical results were compared with the experimental results and an acceptable agreement was reached, which verified the validity of the numerical model. A parametric study was conducted, in which the interfacial stress distribution change with CFRP elastic modulus, thickness and strengthening form was analyzed. For fully covered CFRP strengthening, increasing of elastic modulus and thickness of CFRP plates can enhance the stiffness of steel plates, however, it has insignificant effect on debonding load and obvious decrease on ultimate load. While the partially covered CFRP bonding strengthening can also upgrade the stiffness with CFRP elastic modulus and thickness, the effect to both of debonding load and ultimate load is minimal.     

A superimposed cohesive zone model for investigating the fracture properties of concrete–asphalt interface debonding

A cohesive zone model is proposed to simulate the interface debonding, a preponderant cause of failure for bonded concrete overlay of asphalt (BCOA). The model is constructed by superimposing four root models, each representing the mechanism of one subcritical failure at the interface zone observed in laboratory experiments. The model parameters are established through an inverse analysis of wedge splitting tests performed on BCOA specimens. These inputs are mainly a function of the materials at the interface zone, such as microtexture and macrotexture, and thus can be expected to be applicable to the numerical simulation of a full scale BCOA slab. For modeling across scales, the impact of specimen size, milling depth and initial flaw size on the model, in terms of peak traction and fracture energy, is also discussed.     

Time Dependent Crack Growth and Loading Rate Effects on Interfacial and Cohesive Fracture of Adhesive Joints

Double cantilever beam fracture specimens were used to investigate rate dependent failures of model epoxy/steel adhesively bonded systems. Quasi-static tests exhibited time dependent crack growth and the maximum fracture energies consistently decreased with debond length for constant crosshead rate loading. It was also possible to cause debonding to switch between interfacial and cohesive failure modes by simply altering the loading rate. These rate dependent observations were characterized using the concepts of fracture mechanics. The time rate of change of the strain energy release rate, dG/dt, is introduced to model and predict failure properties of different adhesive systems over a range of testing rates. An emphasis is placed on the interfacial failure process and how rate dependent interfacial properties can lead to cohesive failures in the same adhesive system. Specific applications of the resulting model are presented and found to be in good agreement when compared with the experimental data. Finally, a failure envelope is identified which may be useful in predicting whether failures will be interfacial or cohesive depending on the rate of testing for the model adhesive systems.     

EVAC/玻纤/陶瓷/铝合金复合材料缺陷的敲击检测方法

针对乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯塑料(EVAC)/玻璃纤维/陶瓷/铝合金复合材料在生产过程中出现的脱粘缺陷,开展了缺陷试样制备方法研究和多通道自动敲击检测工艺研究.采用两种方法制备缺陷试样,经过试验对比分析,发现热压罐真空辅助成型方法制备的缺陷试样更适合采用敲击检测方法进行检测.通过对缺陷试样的敲击试验,得出提高敲击通道数和频率会...