中厚板矫直过程中中性层偏移动态研究

研究中性层偏移对矫直力的影响,以提高矫直力精度。通过对矫直件三维弹塑性变形进行分析,提出中性层偏移理论,利用数值模拟和实验讨论中性层偏移的动态变化规律,说明中性层偏移是影响矫直力精度的重要因素之一,并验证了理论推导公式与数值计算结果之间的误差,为建立更为准确的矫直力模型提供理论基础和数据。     

Structural control of Fe-based alloys through diffusional solid/solid phase transformations in a high magnetic field

Abstract

A magnetic field has a remarkable influence on solid/solid phase transformations and it can be used to control the structure and function of materials during phase transformations. The effects of magnetic fields on diffusional solid/solid phase transformations, mainly from austenite to ferrite, in Fe-based alloys are reviewed. The effects of magnetic fields on the transformation temperature and phase diagram are explained thermodynamically, and the transformation behavior and transformed structures in magnetic fields are discussed.     

高流动性星型尼龙12的合成与表征

在均苯三甲酸的存在下,进行十二内酰胺的水解聚合,合成了四种不同臂长的三臂星型尼龙12,对产物的分子量进行了测定,并对其力学性能和流变行为进行了研究。结果表明,星型尼龙12的分子量随着均苯三甲酸含量的提高而降低,与相应分子量的线型尼龙12相比,星型尼龙12的拉伸强度和弯曲强度基本保持,冲击强度保持率在80%以上,断裂伸长...     

轴对称锥形件缩口成形非强制变形规律的研究

论述了轴对称圆筒件在锥形凹模中缩口时口部自由弯曲区的变形趋向,对3种变形模式进行了比较,并通过实例计算,证实了按自由弯曲变形模式计算口部应力与变形是合理性.     

喷丸加工的工艺特性及参数控制研究

提出了喷丸加工新算法,该算法是模拟喷丸过程中零件表面层的塑性变化,从而控制能量参数。在喷丸加工时,表面层塑性变形积聚了大量压缩能量,通过进行能量参数优化,得到零件的最大疲劳强度并绘出曲率参数曲线。     

深部开采岩体变形分析的双曲函数法

在软岩地层深部厚矿体开采条件下,给出了用于预测分析地下开采岩体移动变形的双曲正切函数模型,采用该模型对国内某地下矿山深部开采岩体移动变形进行了具体的计算分析,并与概率积分法理论分析结果和实测数据进行了对比,结果令人满意.分析结果表明,本文所提出的理论方法适用于预测分析深部矿体开采引起的岩体移动变形问题.     

Modeling Self-Rollable Elastomeric Films for Building Bioinspired Hierarchical 3D Structures

In this work, an innovative model is proposed as a design tool to predict both the inner and outer radii in rolled structures based on polydimethylsiloxane bilayers. The model represents an improvement of Timoshenko’s formula taking into account the friction arising from contacts between layers arising from rolling by more than one turn, hence broadening its application field towards materials based on elastomeric bilayers capable of large deformations. The fabricated structures were also provided with surface topographical features that would make them potentially usable in different application scenarios, including cell/tissue engineering ones. The bilayer design parameters were varied, such as the initial strain (from 20 to 60%) and the bilayer thickness (from 373 to 93 µm). The model matched experimental data on the inner and outer radii nicely, especially when a high friction condition was implemented in the model, particularly reducing the error below 2% for the outer diameter while varying the strain. The model outperformed the current literature, where self-penetration is not excluded, and a single value of the radius of spontaneous rolling is used to describe multiple rolls. A complex 3D bioinspired hierarchical elastomeric microstructure made of seven spirals arranged like a hexagon inscribed in a circumference, similar to typical biological architectures (e.g., myofibrils within a sarcolemma), was also developed. In this case also, the model effectively predicted the spirals’ features (error smaller than 18%), opening interesting application scenarios in the modeling and fabrication of bioinspired materials.     

基于改进YOWO算法的学生课堂行为识别

当前,大部分的学生课堂行为识别工作主要基于单帧图像进行,忽略了行为的连贯性,因此不能充分利用视频信息来对学生的课堂行为进行准确刻画.所以,本文提出一种改进的YOWO算法模型,有效利用视频信息对学生课堂行为进行识别.首先,本文采集某高校真实课堂教学中的授课录像,制作出包含5类学生课堂行为的AVA格式视频数据集;其次,采用时移模块TSM (temporal shift module),用来增强模型获取时间上下文信息的能力;最后,采用非局部操作模块non-local来提高模型提取关键位置信息的能力.实验结果表明,通过对YOWO模型的优化,使得网络的识别性能更佳.在学生课堂行为数据集上,改进后的算法的mAP值为95.7%,相较于原YOWO算法在mAP值上提高了4.6%;模型参数量为81.97×10⁶,计算量为22.6 GFLOPs,参数量和计算量分别降低32.3%和9.6%;检测速度为24.03 f/s,提升了约3 f/s.     

Macro- and Nanoscale Effect of Ethanol on Bovine Serum Albumin Gelation and Naproxen Release

We report extended ethanol-induced gelation procedures of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 37 °C and investigate the release behavior of a spin-labeled naproxen derivative (SL-NPX) from these hydrogels. The macroscopic mechanical properties of these gels during formation were studied using rheology, while a nanoscopic, more molecular view was obtained by analyzing the secondary structure of the protein during gelation via infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. To evaluate the potential use of BSA hydrogels in controlled drug delivery, SL-NPX-BSA interaction was investigated in detail by continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) spectroscopy, which provides information on the interaction of the small drug molecules and the hydrogel. In addition to CW EPR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), which provides insight into the size and nature of released components, was applied to characterize the combined influence of incubation time, ethanol, SL-drug, and BSA concentration on release behavior. It was found that the alteration of initial drug loading percentage, hydrogel incubation time as well as BSA and alcohol concentrations affect and thus tune the release rate of SL-NPX from BSA hydrogels. These results lead to the conclusion that BSA hydrogels as controlled release systems offer a remarkable fine-tuning capability for pharmaceutical applications due to the variety of gelation parameters.     

Assessing the Morphological and Behavioral Toxicity of Catechol Using Larval Zebrafish

Catechol is a ubiquitous chemical used in the manufacturing of fragrances, pharmaceuticals and flavorants. Environmental exposure occurs in a variety of ways through industrial processes, during pyrolysis and in effluent, yet despite its prevalence, there is limited information regarding its toxicity. While the genotoxicity and gastric carcinogenicity of catechol have been described in depth, toxicological studies have potentially overlooked a number of other effects relevant to humans. Here, we have made use of a general and behavioral larval zebrafish toxicity assay to describe previously unknown catechol-based toxicological phenomena. Behavioral testing revealed catechol-induced hypoactivity at concentrations an order of magnitude lower than observable endpoints. Catechol exposure also resulted in punctate melanocytes with concomitant decreases in the expression of pigment production and regulation markers mitfa, mc1r and tyr. Because catechol is converted into a number of toxic metabolites by tyrosinase, an enzyme found almost exclusively in melanocytes, an evaluation of the effects of catechol on these cells is critical to evaluating the safety of this chemical. This work provides insights into the toxic nature of catechol and highlights the benefits of the zebrafish larval testing platform in being able to dissect multiple aspects of toxicity with one model.