过氧化氢在生成戊二酰-7-氨基头孢烷酸过程中的影响

头孢菌素C(CPC)在D-氨基酸氧化酶为催化剂的情况下,与O2反应生成α-ketoadipyl-7-ACA,再与过氧化氢反应生成戊二酰基-7-氨基头孢烷酸(Gl-7-ACA).在此反应中生成的α-ketoadipyl-7-ACA是造成目标产物收率低的关键因素之一.通过加入适量的双氧水可以使剩余的α-ketoadipl-7-ACA转化为Gl-7-ACA,从而使裂解的收率提高5%.     

一类含查尔酮结构的光敏性二胺的合成研究

以醛、酮为原料经羟醛缩合反应合成了具有一类含查尔酮结构的光敏性二胺:1-(3-氨基苯基)-3-(4-氨基苯基)-2-丙烯-1-酮与对-二(间氨基肉桂酰)苯.通过优化实验得到最佳的合成工艺为:醛、酮在温度为0℃下,以乙醇为溶剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,进行羟醛缩合反应3h.收率可达到86%,经液相色谱分析其纯度分别为99.92%,99.91%,紫外可见最大吸收波长分别为349nm、361nm.所得方法操作简便,收率较高,原料易得.并用元素分析、核磁共振、红外光谱等手段对产物的结构进行了表征.     

Properties of cuticular oxidases used for sex pheromone biosynthesis byHeliothis zea

Biosynthesis of the aldehydic sex pheromone components released by females ofHeliothis zea was found to be catalyzed by primary alcohol oxidases residing in the cuticle that covers the glands. Activity, as indicated by conversion of primary alcohol to aldehyde, was as high in cell-free cuticle as it was in intact pheromone glands. Studies indicated that some activity was associated with the surface of the epicuticle and could be removed, into buffer, by sonication. However, the majority of activity lies within the inner epicuticle and exo- and endocuticular layers. The oxidase was not functional in pharate pupae that did not have mature adult cuticle but became functional just prior to adult emergence. The enzyme in individual glands was saturated at alcohol concentrations above 100 n. moles. Nonionic detergents did not affect the activity of the oxidase in the cuticle but treatment with either 7 M urea or 1% SDS resulted in total loss of activity. Studies on the effect of pH indicated an optimum at 6.4; however, activity was high throughout the range of 5–9. The oxidase was functional in both dichloromethane and hexane, suggesting that this enzyme system may have applications for organic synthesis of aldehydes.     

纤维素酶活性测定的生物传感器研究

用TiO2凝胶包埋葡萄糖氧化酶电化学传感器(GOD/TiO2)测定纤维素酶(CE)的活性,即基于电极对纤维素水解后生成葡萄糖的催化氧化。考察了各种实验条件对CE酶活性测定的影响。实验表明,GOD/TiO2电极检测电位为+0.50Vvs.SCE,稳态响应电流与纤维素酶活性在10～300U/L之间有线性关系,该方法可用于微量羧甲基纤维素酶活性测定。     

胆固醇氧化酶高产菌株的诱变选育及产酶条件优化

在对细脚拟青霉、玫烟色拟青霉、粉拟青霉、香菇、平菇、金针菇等胆固醇氧化酶产生菌初筛的基础上．选择以产酶较高的玫烟色拟青霉作为紫外诱变的出发菌株,筛选出一株相对高产突变菌株MFEC006,其酶活达到了0．5483U／mL,比出发菌株提高了154％,经8次传代培养,突变株性质稳定．对MFEC006菌株产酶条件进行优化,得出其最佳产酶条件为：pH为6．5,温度27℃,接种量10％,摇床转速180r／min．     

Magnetic Behavior of Trinuclear Vanadium(II)–Diamine Complexes. Part 2. Large Intramolecular Antiferromagnetic Exchange Interactions in a Triangular Unit

This study reports the magnetic structures of newly reported trinuclear vanadium(II)–diamine complexes. Using the isotropic Heisenberg exchange Hamiltonian, it is suggested that there are strong intramolecular antiferromagnetic interactions among the vanadium(II) ions. It is also suggested that these complexes are good candidates to the geometrically frustrated systems. For part 1 see A. Bayri, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater., (in press) An erratum to this article can be found at     

基于空心微针阵列的连续监测葡萄糖传感器

研制了一种基于空心微针阵列并可微痛刺入皮下实时连续监测人体血糖浓度的葡萄糖传感器.微针阵列由等间距的三根微针组成,分别作为工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极,其中工作电极与辅助电极采用表面溅射了Ti/Pt的空心不锈钢微针来制作,采用戊二醛-牛血清白蛋白交联法将葡萄糖氧化酶固定并仅置于作为工作电极的针尖通孔处;参比电极采用Ag/AgCl实心微针制作.测试结果表明:葡萄糖浓度在0～21 mmol·L-1范围内传感器输出电流为线性,灵敏度为0.575 μA/(mmol·L-1),响应时间为16s,且具有很好的抗干扰性.     

Gold nanoparticles-coated eggshell membrane with immobilized glucose oxidase for fabrication of glucose biosensor

This work reports the fabrication and application of a glucose biosensor based on the catalytic effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on enzymatic reaction for blood glucose determination. AuNPs were initially in situ synthesized on the surface of an eggshell membrane (ESM) which was subsequently immobilized with glucose oxidase (GO_x) to produce a GO_x-AuNPs/ESM. The GO_x-AuNPs/ESM was positioned on the surface of an oxygen electrode to form a GO_x-AuNPs/ESM glucose biosensor. The effects of pH, concentration of phosphate buffer solution and amount of GO_x on the response of the GO_x-AuNPs/ESM glucose biosensor were studied in detail. AuNPs on GO_x/ESM can improve the calibration sensitivity (30% higher than GO_x/ESM without AuNPs), stability (87.3% of its initial response to glucose after 10-week storage) and shortens the response time (<30 s) of the glucose biosensor. The linear working range for the GO_x-AuNPs/ESM glucose biosensor is 8.33 μM to 0.966 mM glucose with a detection limit of 3.50 μM (S/N = 3). The biosensor has been successfully applied to determine the glucose in human blood serum samples and the results compared well to a standard spectrophotometric method commonly used in hospitals. Our work demonstrates that the developed GO_x-AuNPs/ESM glucose biosensor has potential in biomedical analysis.     

Amperometric biosensor for catechol using electrochemical template process

A novel amperometric biosensor for the determination of catechol was developed accordingly to the electrochemical template procedure. The optimum fabricating conditions of the biosensor were studied. The resulting biosensor with the limit of less than 0.05 μM can be used for detection of catechol in the linear range of 2.5-140 μM. The maximum response current (I_max) and the Michaelis-Menten constant (k′_m) are 3.08 μA and 77.52 μM, respectively. The activation energy (E_a) of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) catalytic reaction is 25.56 kJ mol⁻¹ in the B-R buffer. The stability of the PANI-CA biosensor fabricated with the electrochemical template process (retains 86% of the original activity after four months) is much higher than that fabricated with one-step and two-step processes (retains 75% of the original activity after four months). The effects of potential and pH on the response current of the biosensor are also described.     

医用微型全量分析系统中的酶生物传感器研究

酶生物传感器由于其对被分析物具有高度的选择性,成为解决μTAS(微型全量分析系统)中,复杂体系下的多种组分同时测定问题一个有效方法.以基于葡萄糖氧化酶的葡萄糖传感器为例,研究了酶生物传感器对被分析物的选择特性,实验证明,酶生物传感器完全适用于μTAS 中多种组分同时测定的用途.