Ca,Mg对镍基高温合金力学性能和热塑性的影响

本文研究了单加或同时添加微量Ca和Mg对变形及铸态镍基高温合金力学性能和热塑性的影响。试验表明,适量的Mg或Ca、Mg对提高合金的持久断裂寿命、高温拉伸塑性以及改善热塑性都取得良好效果。     

Estimation of Thermodynamic Properties from Binary Phase Diagram

The general relationship between binary phase diagrams and the thermodynamic properties was system-atically derived without any assumption.A procedure was presented to estimate the thermodynamic proper-ties from the binary phase diagrams.     

HPVC／PP共混改性研究：Ⅲ低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂

采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，即化学交联体系来改善ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的相容性。考察了在不同共混比下，不同化学交联体系对共混物力学性能的影响，并观察了共混物的微观形态。结果表明，采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，共混物的拉伸强度提高，但冲击强度无改善。分散相尺寸减小，相间粘接得到改善。并比较了３种增容方法的效果，发现ＣＰＥ是ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的最佳相容剂。     

泡沫铝的动态压缩性能和吸能性研究

通过测量泡沫铝在动态和准静态压缩条件下的应力 -应变曲线 ,研究了泡沫铝的准静态和动态压缩行为以及不同应变条件下的吸能性 ,并对其应变率效应进行了分析。结果表明 ,在高应变速率和准静态压缩下 ,泡沫铝的σ -ε曲线均表现出弹性变形段、平缓段和密实段三阶段特征 ;泡沫铝的压缩性能具有明显的应变速率敏感性 ,随应变速率的提高 ,流动应力上升 ,吸能性升高     

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本文在肯定聚合物泥浆提高钻井速度的同时,也指出了该种泥浆在井内使用较长时间以后将会出现网架结构强、包被抑制性能减弱的弊病。为此,文中强调推出新的聚合物材料,研究泥浆中聚合物剩余浓度的测定方法及控制浓度的要领,提高固控效率净化泥浆等措施以解决之。     

3D圆阀塔板性能研究

介绍了3D圆阀塔板的结构特点和实验研究情况。以空气和水为工质进行了冷模实验,研究了3D圆阀塔板的塔板压降、雾沫夹带量和泄漏量等流体力学性能。利用氧解吸法测定其塔板效率,并在相同条件下与F1浮阀塔板进行了对比实验。结果表明,在相同条件下,3D圆阀塔板比传统F1浮阀塔板的塔板效率提高5%~15%,塔板压降约低100 Pa,泄漏量和雾沫夹带量与F1浮阀塔板基本相当,是一种综合性能优良的新型浮阀塔板。     

Integration of a Malt Drying Model into a Malt Plant Scheduling Software

Malting is a very intensive, energy-consuming process and, from the point of view of energy, green malt drying is one of the most important operations. Double-deck kiln drying, a variant of single-deck kiln drying, is the most commonly used process, but it is usually manually controlled under empirical control actions. These are the reasons why a research project was carried out based on the computer modeling of these process operations including a software tool named CIMFOOD. A knowledge-based system (KBS) allowing the entire processing-plant dynamic behavior simulation and scheduling concerning thermal energy requirements was developed.     

The Change of Body Temperature During Convective Drying of Cube-Shaped Apple Pieces

When using the convective drying method, the mass transfer between drying air and moisture diffusion of the material is very important. The moisture moves inside the material because of the volume change caused by the increased temperature. This movement is additionally affected by the texture of the material. According to the research dealing with colloid capillary porous texture of vegetables and fruit, the humidity migration inside the material occurs in both fluid and steam condition at the same time. This migration is stimulated by the heating and decreasing humidity along with the flow. In this research, winter varieties of apples (Jonathan, Golden Delicious, and Idared) were studied by heating of a 20 × 20 × 20 piece of apple with a thermocouple in it. On the basis of the measurements it can be stated that for the fruits with a high percentage of moisture (75-90%), when making the drying condition, the moisture gradient is influenced by the fractured cells of the cut area. It was found that the variety of apple is very important in relation to the heating and water loss gradient. According to the results, the wet volume change due to the heating highly influences the water loss. The models that describe the temperature of the material have a connection with the water loss.     

Comparison of Two Drying Schedules for European Hophornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) Lumber

Two types of conventional kiln-drying schedules (mild and harsh) based on moisture content (MC) were compared with regard to time, drying quality, and energy cost. The results were evaluated according to the classification of the European Drying Group. Proper drying periods of mild and harsh schedules were found to be 550 and 514 h, respectively. Evaluations in terms of drying quality indicated that better results were achieved with the mild schedule, especially when comparing drying defects and final MC. From an energy efficiency point of view, the harsh schedule, by saving 36 h of drying time, reduced electricity by 594 KWh and was therefore found to be $65 more profitable in this trial.