Large-scale cooling towers as part of an efficient and cleaner energy generating technology

The present paper will outline the main aspects of the design and construction of cooling towers in Germany in the last decade. As part of electricity generating power plants, cooling towers play a significant role for the availability of reliable energy supplies, in a manner compatible with environmental requirements. They definitely belong to the largest and thinnest concrete structures at present. Because of the combined action of wind, thermal and moisture effects, special care has to be taken with regard to fatigue, cracking and corrosion to ensure an adequate level of safety and durability. Such a design strategy has been employed for the world’s tallest cooling tower at the Niederaussem power plant in Germany, with an overall height of 200 m and thickness values of 22–24 cm. Special considerations included the realistic non-axisymmetric distribution of soil characteristics, wind action due to interference effects (as determined by wind-tunnel tests), optimisation of the shell shape to improve structural and dynamic behaviour, injection of the cleaned flue-gas into the cooling tower, and the use of high-performance concrete (85 MPa) to improve shell resistance against acid attack by the cleaned flue-gas. The paper will present some results of an actual research project on this problem, which was conducted at the University of Wuppertal, to explore the use of high-performance concrete on design, stability and durability of cooling tower shells.     

钢纤维混凝土轴拉应力-应变特性的试验研究

本文采用环氧粘接法对4种纤维混凝土材料进行了轴向拉伸试验，成功地获得了材料的应力-应变全曲线。根据其试验曲线是否出现第二峰值，把纤维分为增强与增韧两大类。通过分析表明：不同的纤维形式对混凝土材料的作用机理有较大的差异。在工程应用中，应根据纤维混凝土材料的用途来选择纤维类型。     

关于混凝土钻芯取样法有关标准的讨论

本文对国内不同行业有关混凝土钻总取样方法的标准进行了讨论，供月行在使用和修订相应标准时参考。     

冲击回波法检测隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度

冲击回波法是通过接收、分析在混凝土中传播的回波信号，判断结构混凝土厚度和内部质量的新型无损检测技术。室内试验和工程应用研究表明，该方法为隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度检测提供了一个有效的测试手段。     

钢纤维聚合物混凝土抗压本构关系

钢纤维聚合物混凝土是由聚合物混凝土基体和钢纤维共同组成的纤维增强复合材料，它的力学行为不仅依赖于聚合物混凝土基体的行为，而且与钢纤维的掺量、分散特征以及钢纤维的几何尺寸有关，本文将基于损伤力学原理研究在不同纤维掺量下的钢纤维聚合物混凝土的全程压力-应变曲线及其本构模型。     

Microstructural investigation of long-term degradation mechanisms in GFRP dowel bars for jointed concrete pavement

Steel dowel bar is used to transfer loads in concrete pavement slab. However, once the steel dowel bar corrodes, it may cause faults, such as joint freezing in concrete pavement, level differences resulting from spalling or decreased efficiency of load transfer, etc., which are the same problems experienced by typical reinforcing steel. This study evaluated the applicability of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) dowel bar as a substitute for steel dowel bar. A microstructural analysis was conducted to examine the decrease in durability of GFRP dowel bar exposed to deterioration environments. To analyze the deterioration mechanism of GFRP dowel bar, scanning electron microscopy was employed and the porosity was measured by the gas absorption method. It was concluded that the longer the GFRP dowel bar was exposed to deterioration environments, the more the interlaminar shear stress decreased. This result was validated by the microstructural analysis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

混凝土爆扩桩施工技术

结合工程实例详细介绍了混凝土爆扩桩的成孔、爆扩、混凝土浇筑等施工过程,从施工准备、施工工艺、施工检查及应注意的事项几个方面做了具体阐述,使工程桩达到了设计要求,取得了良好的施工效果。     

再生骨料绿化混凝土的研究

本文主要介绍了绿化混凝土的概念、分类,绿化混凝土构筑适合于植物生长环境的措施。通过对再生骨料绿化混凝土的原材料和配合比试验以及物理力学性能及耐久性能试验,为进一步的工程应用提供了可靠的依据。     

混凝土外加剂在防渗工程中的应用

根据江东灌区的工程实际，总结了在渠道防渗工程中混凝土外加剂应用情况，提出了应用中的注意事项。     

大体积承台混凝土施工

阐述了东莞水道特大桥主桥承台大体积混凝土浇筑施工工艺 ,及施工中的注意事项 ,从分层的厚度、表面处理等方面 ,提出了采用泵送混凝土浇筑施工中质量弊病的预防措施