High‐rise concrete and clay block masonry building in Brazil

Brazilian structural concrete and clay block masonry construction shares many common features with construction all over the world: blocks of a similar shape are bedded in mortar, vertical and horizontal reinforcement is placed in grouted cells, engineering analysis and design follows universal principles and local design codes mimic those adopted elsewhere. However, loadbearing masonry construction in Brazil has become one of the most preferred high‐rise building systems due to its cost‐effectiveness and ease of construction compared to normal reinforced concrete solutions. This paper provides an overview of loadbearing masonry building in Brazil, including case studies on notable high‐rise masonry structures, with an overview of how Brazilian materials, codes and practices differ from the rest of the world. Finally, the paper explains how the use of high‐strength units assists the growing demand for taller and taller buildings and provides insight into why owners and general contractors often prefer to use structural masonry.     

Stochastic simulation of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions based on multivariate copula modeling

Due to the featured high-amplitude, long-period pulses in velocity or displacement time–history, the near-fault ground motion may have a stronger destructive effect on engineering structures. Therefore, studying velocity pulses modeling of near-fault ground motions has been an important topic in the earthquake engineering community. However, the variability and probabilistic correlation of pulse model parameters have not received enough attention. To this end, an elegant method for stochastic simulation of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions is proposed based on the classical Gabor wavelet modeling and probabilistic correlation analysis of associated model parameters by multivariate copula modeling. Especially, an efficient scheme of iteratively determining the optimal copulas pertinent to edges of a complex vine structure is developed, and two parameters relevant to the near-fault ground motion records, i.e., the rupture distance and the strongest pulse orientation, are introduced which provides a physical basis for addressing the dependence structure among variables. For illustrative purposes, the ground accelerograms recorded by near-fault instruments in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake are used. It is shown that the multivariate copula modeling enables the efficient representation of probabilistic correlation between model parameters which is consistent with their physical mechanism. The time histories and spectral characteristics of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions and their stochastic fluctuations with respect to the rupture distance are well simulated. While the empirical linear regression model does not meet the requirements of random vibration analysis and thus cannot guide the safety design of seismic structures.     

任楼煤矿电容电流危害分析与治理研究

针对中性点不接地系统单向接地电容电流易造成配电网络次生灾害和设备损害、易产生单向电弧接地过电压和铁磁谐振过电压的问题,分析评估了任楼煤矿电网电容电流的测试数据,根据评估结果制定了电容电流治理方案,即将中性点不接地系统改为中性点经消弧线圈接地运行方式,并给出了具体实施方案。运行结果表明,该方案大大减少了高幅值电弧接地过电压发生的几率,抑制了铁磁谐振过电压,有利于提高电缆寿命。     

海量地震数据的复合分层式存储方案

该文介绍了网络及其存储技术在地震数据管理中的作用,分析了地震数据存储面临的特点,并通过分析对比各存储结构及网络结构．设计了一个用于地震数据存储的网络存储方案。     

超大型连续式跨声速风洞地震安全分析

采用有限元法对某超大型连续式跨声速风洞进行地震安全分析。使用ANSYS建立整体结构模型并施加实际约束,为确保计算精度和计算效率,采用实体壳单元SOLIDSHELL进行网格划分;依据JB/T 4710—2005《钢制塔式容器》和仿真模态分析进行水平地震力计算;基于JB 4732—1995《钢制压力容器——分析设计标准》对风洞进行强度评定。计算结果表明：在地震载荷作用下,该风洞主体结构强度安全裕量较大,其结构形式合理可靠。     

关于西气东输ESD系统报错的探讨和可行性优化建议

介绍了ESD系统中的HIMA模块在西气东输应用中出现Error报警的情况。针对HIMA发生Error报警后影响生产的矛盾,根据HIMA模块的基本工作原理,分析了HIMA出现Error报警的可能情况,给出了系统的改进优化建议,以便于预防HIMAError报错的频繁发生,消除安全隐患,使管道系统安全平稳的运行。     

南京河西地区软土场地地震动参数研究

根据南京河西地区所处的地震地质环境、地震活动环境及基岩地震动衰减规律 ,对所选取的某个典型工程软土场地 ,进行了地震危险性分析 ,给出了基岩地震动参数 ;对场地的地震动效应进行了研究 ,给出了 5 0a及10 0a超越概率水平为 6 3%、10 %和 3%的场地地震动参数。该成果对河西地区的工程抗震设计有一定的参考价值     

地震力作用下的黄土边坡稳定性分析

地震过程中,最大峰值加速度是一个随机量,不宜作为地震动特性的标志,因此,利用均方根加速度,计算相应的地震力,然后根据正弦函数曲线把地震力加载在不同土层的黄土边坡中.对黄土边坡在地震力作用下的安全性进行比较研究,为黄土边坡抗震设计提供参考依据.     

震后泥石流的阻力特性及冲出总量计算

“5·12”汶川地震后泥石流汇流区和流通区沟道内覆盖有巨厚的滑坡、崩塌等松散物质.松散物质在强降雨作用下容易启动形成泥石流.泥石流形成后通过时会侵蚀松散堆积物,与沟床存在动态的物质交换,其规模沿程不断扩大,而且运动阻力特性不同于一般定床情况.为定量分析动床条件下泥石流阻力和一次降雨引发泥石流的冲出总量,本文首先以灾区6条泥石流沟为研究对象,通过多元回归分析发现泥石流阻力与输沙量和弗罗德数存在良好的相关性,初步得到了泥石流动床阻力的估算方法.然后统计分析了北川和清平16条泥石流沟的基本数据,发现一次降雨引发泥石流的冲出总量与日降雨量和流域汇流面积存在较好的幂指数关系,得到了降雨控制型泥石流总量估算方法.研究结果对震后泥石流防灾减灾工程设计具有一定的参考价值.     

Dynamic response law about gravity retaining wall to seismic characteristics and earth fill properties

In order to find the dynamic response laws of retaining walls affected by certain earthquake loads, the influence of the seismic wave characteristics and sub-grade fill parameters (including the foundation surface slope) were focused on, and a series of tests were performed. The results show that the maximum stress of the retaining wall decreases as internal friction angle, foundation slope, filled soil cohesion and the biggest dynamic elastic modulus increase, while it increases with the seismic frequency and seismic input peak dropping. The addition value of dynamics earth pressure increases when seismic frequency and seismic input peak are reduced, while it decreases when the filled soil cohesion and internal friction angle rise. Meanwhile, dynamic elastic modulus and foundation slope have no obvious influences on addition value of dynamics earth pressure. The slope will be instable if the seismic input peak exceeds 0.5g and be disruptive if seismic frequency is larger than 2.5 Hz. The mid-lower parts of retaining walls are in most heavy and obvious response to these factors, which reveals the mechanism of “belly burst” in retaining wall that appears commonly in practical projects.