美国火电厂烟气排放限值及控制技术

美国火电厂烟气排放限值及控制技术在过去的37年内不断发展进步.受限制的排放物越来越多,而且对每种污染物的限值日益严格.总结了当今美国使用的排放限值及控制技术,并展望了未来的排放限值及潜在的排放控制技术.     

Experimental investigation on the plasma morphology of ablative pulsed plasma thruster with tongue-shaped and flared electrodes

Ablative pulsed plasma thrusters(APPTs) are considered as an attractive propulsion option for station-keeping and drag makeup purposes for mass-and power-limited satellites. In order to understand the physical mechanism of APPTs, high-speed camera and optical emission spectroscopy are utilized to investigate the plasma characteristics including the spatial distribution and composition between the electrodes. The plume images and spectra at different times and positions are experimentally recorded, and the spatial distribution, composition, and trajectory of plasmas can be concluded through analyzing them. With the increase of the distance from the ablation surface, two clusters of plasmas near the anode and cathode meet downstream,and the species and density of plasmas tend to be uniform.     

Integrated data analysis on the electron temperature profile of HL-2A with the Bayesian probability inference method

Data analysis on tokamak plasmas is mainly based on various diagnostic systems, which are usually modularized and independent of each other. This leads to a large amount of data not being fully and effectively exploited so that it is not conducive to revealing the deep physical mechanism. In this work, Bayesian probability inference with machine learning methods have been applied to the electron cyclotron emission and Thomson scattering diagnostic systems on HL-2A/2M, and the effects of integrated data analysis (IDA) on the electron temperature of HL-2A with Bayesian probability inference are demonstrated. A program is developed to infer the whole electron temperature profile with a confidence interval, and the program can be applied in online analysis. The IDA results show that the full profile of the electron temperature can be obtained and the diagnostic information is more comprehensive and abundant with IDA. The inference models for electron temperature analysis are established and the developed programs will serve as an experimental data analysis tool for HL-2A/2M in the near future.     

次级电子激发过程的Monte Carlo模拟计算

在总结前人工作的基础上，利用MonteCarlo方法建立了次级电子激发过程的数学模型。然后利用此模型计算了一类重要的次级发射体──高铅硅酸盐玻璃的次级发射性能。本文首次把次级电子发射体的材料构成与其次级电子发射性能通过MonteCarlo计算联系了起来，为新型次级电子发射材料的设计提供了一种计算方法。     

从第十届国际真空展看真空行业发展

根据多次真空展的统计数据,总结出第10届国际真空展的四大亮点:参展厂商数及参展外商数、展位数均创历史新高;干泵成展会主角;流通、服务业方兴未艾,国内参展厂商高端产品比重增加.通过参展,作者认为:应从新能源开发,在新一轮产业革命中寻求真空行业发展的新机遇.     

考虑节能降耗的湖北省电力市场模式设计

以湖北省电网为背景,提出了与湖北省特点相应的考虑节能降耗的电力市场模式,研究了该市场机制实现节能降耗的机理。以激励相容为原则,在年度交易中引入能耗约束,开展基于变动成本竞争的月度交易,并分别以节能优先、节能奖励为原则,开展发电权交易与外送电量交易。最后对该市场方案的合理性与经济学内涵进行了分析与论证。希望能够对中国实现节能降耗的省级电力市场的建设工作提供建设性的参考。     

考虑热动态的综合能源系统碳排放流建模与分析

在电力系统低碳转型背景下,传统的源侧碳排放控制难以满足碳排放责任公平分摊需求,亟需对多能源网络进行碳排放流(即碳流)追踪,明确源网荷碳排放责任。基于此,提出了热网准动态碳流模型,并对综合能源系统碳流进行建模与分析。介绍了热网静态碳流的管道计算模型;从热损耗和热延时两方面对热网管道的动态特性进行描述;在此基础上,引入热网管道储能变量刻画2种情况下热动态特性对管道和节点碳流分布的影响;进一步地,提出了热电联产机组的碳势计算方法和储能设备各时刻平均碳势的计算方法,并总结了电、热网络碳流联合分析方法;通过算例分析了静态和准动态热网模型下综合能源系统的碳流分布结果,并考虑了负荷热惯性及机组碳势对碳流分布的影响。     

新型便携式岩体声发射监测仪

论述了岩体声发射监测原理,介绍了专门开发的新型便携式岩体声发射监测仪的结构及特点,对其技术难点提出了解决途径。     

家用电冰箱碳排放评价指标体系研究

针对家用电冰箱的碳排放评价问题,本文在分析家用冰箱生命周期碳足迹的基础上,引用了调整容积的概念统一冰箱产品的功能描述,并基于产品功能与其生命周期碳排放关键影响因素构建了家用冰箱生命周期碳排放评价指标体系,为设计人员进行电冰箱的低碳设计提供支持。     

Attraction and Repulsion of Nucleons: Sources of Stellar Energy

The potential energy of a nuclide is enhanced by about 10 MeV per nucleon from the repulsion between like nucleons, and diminished by about 20 MeV per nucleon from the attraction between unlike nucleons. Nuclear stability results mostly from the interplay of these opposing forces, plus Coulomb repulsion of positive charges. Whereas fusion may be the primary mechanism by which first generation stars produce energy, repulsion between like nucleons may cause neutron emission from the collapsed core (neutron star) produced in a terminal supernova explosion and initiate luminosity in second generation stars that accrete on such objects. As noted earlier [1], the scarcity of solar neutrinos, the enrichment of light isotopes in the solar wind, and the presence of abundant short-lived nuclides and interlinked chemical and isotopic heterogeneities in the early solar system might also be explained if the Sun formed in this manner.