高可靠待发段地面逃逸指挥控制系统设计及关键技术研究

在载人航天任务中,为确保在运载火箭待发段出现危及航天员生命安全的紧急情况时能可靠、迅速地实现航天员的逃逸救生,一般采用待发段地面逃逸指挥控制系统承担待发段地面逃逸辅助决策、地面逃逸指令生成和发送的任务。提出一种基于双冗余架构的高可靠待发段逃逸指挥控制系统设计方案,集成了冗余供配电控制、冗余网络通信和安全控制以及远程测控等功能,系统设计均突出高可靠性、安全性、人机工学设计及国产化设计,可满足载人航天待发段逃逸救生的需求。     

准格尔煤灰特性对其从电除尘器中逃逸的影响

为探明准格尔煤灰从电除尘器中逃逸的机理,利用巴柯粒度分析仪、DR高压粉尘比电阻实验台和自制粘附性测定仪对燃用准格尔煤电厂飞灰的粒径分布、比电阻及粘附性等特性进行了分析.结果发现,准格尔煤灰中PM2.5、PM10及铝的含量均明显高于其它煤灰,其比电阻也超过了1012Ω.cm,且粘附力较小,对电场风速比较敏感,容易产生二次扬尘,从而使电除尘器效率下降.此外,荷电机制、振打及气流冲刷作用对飞灰颗粒逃逸出电除尘器也有影响.     

基于抢球博弈的逃生策略

为解决抢球博弈中出现“鱼卡死于球门内”的问题,提出“七点”和“五点”避障逃生法。根据鱼池大小和球门位置划分不同区域,采取关键点,基于机器鱼和得分球的动态位置设计2种不同的逃生方案,并对比特殊情况和一般情况下执行策略的效率。结果表明：该策略不仅可行,而且方便高效,已成功应用于2015年中国机器人大赛,在比赛中为参赛队获得更多的抢球时间。     

鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区上古生界压力特征及其成因机制

查明鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区上古生界压力特征及其成因可为煤系气运聚和成藏研究奠定基础。根据实测压力资料并结合修正公式,得出临兴地区上古生界石盒子组压力特征。根据声波时差预测剥蚀量的方法,应用Easy%RO模拟软件、实测镜质组反射率得出本溪组8+9号煤层的埋藏史和热史;结合包裹体测温数据和钻测井资料,得出石盒子组古埋深。在此基础上,分别计算出地温降低、欠压实作用、气体逸散及孔隙反弹引起的上古生界石盒子组压力的下降值。结果表明：研究区石盒子组正常压力类型占23%,低压类型占73%,超压仅占4%;早白垩世末期地层压力达到最大;地层剥蚀导致地温下降引起的压力下降为7.9~17.3MPa,占整个压力降幅的40%~55%;欠压实作用引起的压力下降为1.81~2.24MPa,占压力降幅的7%~11%;气体逸散引起的压力下降为7.61~11.99MPa,占压力降幅的34%~42%;孔隙反弹引起的压力下降为1.68~1.95MPa,占压力降幅的6.40%~6.68%。砂岩气量与压力系数之间呈正相关关系。该研究成果为该区石盒子组压力系统研究奠定了基础。     

Optical properties and thermal transport of carriers in (Zn,Cd)Se-ZnSe heterostructures

We report a detailed optical study of ZnSe-based graded index separate confinement heterostructures. These structures were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and are composed of either one or two Zn_0.79Cd_0.21Se central well(s) embedded between two ZnCdSe barriers which cadmium composition varies linearly from 5% near the wells to 0% at the end of the barriers. 2K photoreflectance and reflectivity experiments allow the observation of excitonic transitions involving the third electron and heavy hole confined states. The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence lines under in-well resonant excitation conditions (E_exc = 2.661 eV) shows that the thermal quenching of the photoluminescence line is ruled by nonradiative recombinations on defects localized at the heterointerfaces at low temperature and by the thermal escape of the minority carriers at higher temperatures. Under above-barrier excitation conditions (E_exc=3.814 eV), the temperature dependence of the photoluminescence line from the well shows a strong influence of the mechanism of diffusion of the carriers from the barriers to the well.     

四旋翼飞行器逃逸算法的实现

提出了四旋翼飞行器的逃逸行为算法。逃逸行为算法可以降低无人直升机与动态障碍物碰撞的可能性。通过在算法中实现群粒子的相对定位给出了四转子的移动和约束模型。为四转子的实际模型设计了控制器,该控制器根据规定的轨迹计算出每个螺旋桨转子的速度。通过仿真和对真实的派诺特AR．Drone飞行器的测试验证了该算法的功能。     

基于数据链的无人机空中自动防撞技术

分析了一种基于数据链的自动空中防撞技术,从空中自动防撞系统需求出发,描述了系统基本工作原理和流程。采用二次曲线拟合方法,给出了最优控制数学模型,以求解无人机航路间的最小距离,实现最优机动操作组合。仿真分析结果表明,空中自动防撞系统可在碰撞发生前的最后时刻有效完成逃逸操作,避免发生飞行碰撞,可为无人机编队提供进近飞行的安全防护。     

Light‐Triggered Genome Editing: Cre Recombinase Mediated Gene Editing with Near‐Infrared Light

A light‐activated genome editing platform based on the release of enzymes from a plasmonic nanoparticle carrier when exposed to biocompatible near‐infrared light pulses is described. The platform relies on the robust affinity of polyhistidine tags to nitrilotriacetic acid in the presence of copper which is attached to double‐stranded nucleic acids self‐assembled on the gold nanoparticle surface. A protein fusion of the Cre recombinase containing a TAT internalization peptide sequence to achieve endosomal localization is also employed. High‐resolution gene knock‐in of a red fluorescent reporter is observed using a commercial two‐photon microscope. High‐throughput irradiation is described to generate useful quantities of edited cells.     

负电子亲和势光电阴极评估技术研究

阐述了负电子亲和势(NEA)光电阴极的评估原理,用NEA光电阴极的量子产额理论曲线对测试获得的实验曲线进行拟合,可以获得光电阴极的表面逸出概率、载流子扩散长度和后界面复合速率等参数.介绍了NEA光电阴极激活和评估系统,利用该系统对国产的反射式GaAs基片进行了激活和评估,文中给出并分析了测试结果.     

Erster und zweiter Rettungsweg in Wohngebäuden

First and second escape ways in residential buildings The existence of two redundant escape ways is a fundamental concept to ensure a safe egress of occupants in the event of fire. Fire safety requirements for means of egress are defined by the state specific building codes in Germany. This publication focuses on a further clarification of existing requirements and amongst others explains why some means of egress, such as permanent installed ladders are not suitable for this purpose. However, in contrast to this fire service equipment can also provide the second escape way in particularly for residential buildings. Different means are used depending on the applied strategy and infrastructure of the fire service. A summary of reported fire incidents of the Berlin fire service in the years 2012 and 2013 shows that smoke filled stairwells were also used to evacuate trapped occupants. In order to protect these occupants from smoke intoxication, escape hoods or positive pressure ventilation fans, to allow for a smoke free stairwell, have been used.