在“电路原理”教学中培养学生的工程观念

“电路原理”课程是电气和电子类专业的一门主干技术基础课程,在教学过程中要充分体现出课程的工程性和实践性,调动学生的学习兴趣和学习积极性,树立理论联系实际的工程观念,提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。本文列举了两个例子进行具体说明：一是便携式闪光灯电路分析;二是家用电表接线分析。实践证明,采用这些方法和措施在教学过程中取得了良好的效果。     

Single-Crystalline TiO2(B) Nanobelts with Unusual Large Exposed {100} Facets and Enhanced Li-Storage Capacity

The {100} facet of single-crystalline TiO₂(B) is an ideal platform for inserting Li ions, but it is hard to be obtained due to its high surface energy. Here, the single-crystalline TiO₂(B) nanobelts from H₂Ti₃O₇ with nearly 70% {100} facets exposed are synthesized, which significantly enhances Li-storage capacity. The first-principle calculations demonstrate an ab in-plane 2D diffusion through the exposed {100} facets. As a consequence, the nanobelts can significantly accommodate Li ions in LiTiO₂ formula with specific capacity up to 335 mAh g⁻¹, which is in good agreement with the electrochemical characterizations. Coating with conductive and protective poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate), the cut-off discharge voltage is as low as 0.5 V, leading to a capacity of 160.7 mAh g⁻¹ after 1500 cycles with a retention rate of 66% at 1C. This work provides a practical strategy to increase the Li-ion capacity and cycle stability by tailoring the crystal orientation and nanostructures.     

基于改进ACO算法的建筑疏散路径优化研究

针对大型公共建筑存在的结构复杂、消防疏散困难等问题,提出了用于优化疏散路径的改进蚁群算法。首先,针对基本蚁群算法(ACO)引入Dijkstra 算法,并利用Dijkstra 算法计算出全局性较好的次优路径进而对蚁群算法初始信息素分布情况进行了加强。其次,根据火灾的实时情况改进了蚁群算法的转移概率、更新规则、信息素挥发系数、启发函数等。最后,对改进的蚁群算法进行对比仿真实验。实验结果表明该算法具有较强的全局搜索能力以及较高的搜索效率,能够避免算法进入局部最优陷阱,有效提高消防疏散路径规划效率。     

计算机仿真技术在电子信息工程专业"自动控制原理"教学中的应用

阐明了将计算机仿真技术引入自动控制原理的教学的必要性,通过实例运用MATLAB语言编制程序,对二阶振荡环节进行时域和频域分析,由分析所得的曲线可清楚地看出阻尼比和自然振荡频率对系统特性的影响,还介绍了MATLAB在自动控制原理教学中的应用情况,结果表明将MATLAB语言应用于自动控制原理教学,能够有效地调动学生的积极性,有助于学生对理论的理解与接受。     

"通信原理"课程教学改革探索

针对我院省重点专业“电子信息工程”的必修主干专业基础课程。“通信原理”教学中存在的不利于培养和提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力的因素，从课程的教学内容、教学手段等方面论述了课程改革的基本构想，并对课程的实践环节——设计性实验的改革进行了探讨。     

外语教学中文化教学的原则

文化教学在外语教学中的重要性勿庸置疑。外语教学中文化导入在我国的提出和实践已有多年,然而文化教学的状况依然不尽理想。外语教学中漠视文化的差异的存在或对目的语文化盲目崇拜屡见不鲜,这与教学原则的缺失不无关系。提出了外语教学中文化教学的四个原则：认知原则、比较原则、同化原则和宽容原则。     

基于Dijkstra-ACO混合算法的应急疏散路径动态规划

现代建筑设计趋于多样化,内部结构和功能越来越复杂,而传统疏散系统逃生指示方向固定、人员疏散时间较长,火灾发生时,不能够及时改变指示方向,易将逃生人员导向危险区域,威胁被困人员生命安全。该文提出了一种Dijkstra-ACO混合路径动态规划算法,在Dijkstra算法获得全局最优路径的基础上再采用蚁群优化(ACO)算法对每个节点进一步优化以获取最优路径,并节省算法运行时间。通过实验仿真验证了混合算法的有效性,能够根据起火点动态规划疏散路径,及时调整疏散指示方向,为火场中人员疏散逃生赢得宝贵时间。

     

Oxygen Vacancy Modulation of Bimetallic Oxynitride Anodes toward Advanced Li‐Ion Capacitors

Binary metal oxides (such as NiCo₂O₄) are regarded as attractive electrode materials for advanced energy storage devices since they offer more electrochemical activity and higher capacity than monometal oxide. However, the volume expansion and low electronic conductivity are the main bottleneck seriously hindering their application. To overcome these barriers, a novel strategy that introduces a bimetallic oxynitride layer (NiCoON) with oxygen vacancy to the surface of NiCo₂O₄ nanowires as an anode for Li‐ion capacitors (LICs) is proposed. The oxygen vacancy on the surface and the modulation of multiple valence states are investigated by the electron paramagnetic resonance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization, and first‐principles calculation. Benefiting from the merits of substantially improved electrical conductivity and increased concentration of active sites, the optimized NiCoON electrode delivers remarkable capacity (1855 mAh g^?1 at 0.2 A g^?1) and rate performance. The LIC device assembled by NiCoON anodes and N‐doped carbon nanowire cathodes delivers excellent rate capability, high energy density (148.5 Wh kg^?1), and outstanding power density (30 kW kg^?1). This study provides a new pathway for developing bimetallic oxides with an improved performance in electrochemical energy storage, conversion fields, and beyond.     

Engineering of Polyanion Type Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Toward Higher Energy/Power Density

The development of high energy/power density sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) is still challenged by the high redox potential of Na/Na⁺ and large radius of Na⁺ ions, thus requiring extensive further improvement to, in particular, enhance the capacity and voltage of cathode materials. Among the various types of cathodes, the polyanion cathodes have emerged as the most pragmatic option due to their outstanding thermostability, unique inductive effect, and flexible structures. In this Review, a critical overview of the design principles and engineering strategies of polyanion cathodes that could have a pivotal role in developing high energy/power density SIBs are presented. Specifically, the engineering of polyanion cathode materials for higher voltage and specific capacity to increase energy density is discussed. The way in which morphology control, architectural design, and electrode processing have been developed to increase power density for SIBs is also analyzed. Finally, the remaining challenges and the future research direction of this field are presented.