Kinetics and Mechanism of High-Temperature Oxidation in Air of Au - Cu Alloy

We have used thermogravimetry to study the kinetics of high-temperature (up to 800 °C) oxidation of the alloy 58.3 mass% Au - 41.7 mass% Cu with isothermal heating of the specimens. Using petrographic analysis of the oxide layers, we determined the reaction products. We have shown that up to 200 °C, the indicated alloy is not oxidized at all. More rapid oxidation of the alloy is observed at temperatures above 400 °C. Up to 500 °C, an inner layer consisting of Cu₂O predominates in the two-layer scale on the alloy, while the outer CuO layer has a significantly smaller thickness. At 600 °C, the upper layer of scale contains Cu₂O while the lower layer contains Cu₂O and gold. At higher temperatures, all the way up to 800 °C, the scale is two-layer as before but its upper layer contains CuO while its lower layer contains Cu₂O and small gold rods distributed in that oxide. Thus we have established three oxidation regions characterized by different scale phase compositions and different mechanisms for the process, mainly due to transition from an ordered state of the alloy (intermetallic AuCu₃) to a completely disordered solid solution of gold in copper. We used the Arrhenius equation to calculate the apparent activation energy for oxidation: E₁ = 20.4 kJ/mole for the temperature range 400–500 °C and E₂ = 9.5 kJ/mole for 600–800 °C. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 7–8(444), pp. 85–91, July–August, 2005.     

轴承钢的强韧化机制探讨

由于强烈的钢水搅拌,大大加速了反应的动力学,并且促进了钢水夹杂物的排除,这一研究成果已经引起了有关人士的关注。本文探讨了轴承钢（GCr15）的强韧化机制。     

Energy transfer mechanism of Sr_4Al_(14)O_(25):Eu~(2+) phosphor

Long lasting blue-green-emitting Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+ phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reactions.The phosphors were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and fluorescence spectrophotometer.A pure phase of Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+ phosphor was obtained at 1250 °C.There are two different types of Eu emission centers in Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+ phosphor.The effects of the Eu2+ concentration and the reducing temperature on the distribution of Eu2+ among different sites were investigated.The energy transfer mechanism between two different emission centers was elucidated via the investigation of thermal damage influence on the phosphorescence spectra,that is,the energy emitted from an Eu1 emission center could be reabsorbed by an Eu2 emission center.     

基于PCM法泡沫铝制备工艺的控制及发展

介绍了粉末冶金压制法制备泡沫铝的国内外研究现状,讨论了一些因素对PCM法制备泡沫铝发泡行为及其孔结构的影响。并对PCM法制备大尺寸泡沫铝的工艺做了介绍。最后对PCM法制备泡沫铝合金今后的发展方向和现存问题做了分析。     

轧钢过程中导卫用WC-Co基合金的磨损机理与组织变化

运用扫描电镜、能谱分析、洛氏硬度计、光学分析天平以及XRD等手段,研究一种轧钢导卫用WC-Co基合金在轧钢过程中的物理性能变化及表层的组织变化、磨损情况和磨损机理。合金在1000℃左右的温度下轧制2000t45钢之后,发现使用前后的密度并没有发生明显变化,但硬度却由使用前的56HRC下降到了使用后的49HRC。分析发现,硬度下降的原因是因为合金中部分大晶粒在使用过程中发生了动态再结晶,形成了许多尺寸为200nm左右的纳米晶。另外,对合金的磨损情况研究表明,其主要的磨损机制是塑性剪切变形和犁沟效应,其次粘着磨损和疲劳磨损也是合金表面磨损机制之一。最后还建立了犁沟效应和疲劳磨损模型。     

齿轮传动噪声机理分析与控制对策

本文主要针对齿轮传动噪声的机理进行了分析,尤其是对齿轮加工中的产生齿形误差进行了较为详细的分析,同时从 设计、制造、安装等方面提出了相应的控制对策。     

Mechanics unloading analysis and experimentation of a new type of parallel biomimetic shoulder complex

The structure design for high ratio of carrying capacity to deadweight is one of the challenges for the bionic mechanism, while the problem concerning high carrying capacity has not yet be solved for the existing shoulder complex. A new type biomimetic shoulder complex, which adopts 3-PSS/S(P for prismatic pair, S for spherical pair) spherical parallel mechanism (SPM), is proposed. The static equilibrium equations of each component are established by using the vector method and the equations for constrain forces with certain load are solved. Then the constrain force on the middle limb and that on the side limbs are compared in order to verify the unloading performance of the mechanism. In addition, the prototype mechanism of the shoulder complex is developed, and the force feedback experiment is conducted to verify the static analysis, which indicates that the middle limb suffers most of the external force and the effect of mechanics unloading is achieved. The 3-PSS/S spherical parallel mechanism is presented for the shoulder complex, and the realization of mechanics unloading is benefit for the improvement of the carrying capacity of the shoulder complex.     

开放式多自由度可控机构综合实验台的研制

结合多自由度可控机构的主要研究内容、特点以及最新研究成果,研制了既能满足机械原理、机械设计等课程本科实验教学的需要,又可满足研究生机构学实验教学与科研需要的开放式综合实验台,该综合实验台不仅能实现平面机构运动简图绘制与分析等实验教学,而且还能对多自由度可控机构正、逆解运动学以及系统数字控制等问题,进行开放性实验研究,从而为进一步加强和提高学生的动手及创新能力,提供一定的实验基础。     

T23钢管蒸汽侧氧化层的微观结构及形成机理

采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究了T23钢管蒸汽侧氧化层的结构和形成机理。结果表明:该氧化层分为内层、中间层和外层;内层为疏松及富含孔洞的富铬、钒及钨的非均质层氧化层,中间层为相对致密且呈柱状结构的Fe3O4,外层为较薄的Fe2O3;金属基体与内层氧化层界面处存在内氧化,金属基体与内层氧化层界面处存在明显界限及间隙,温度剧烈变化时氧化层易在金属基体与内氧化层界面处剥落;T23钢蒸汽侧内层氧化层疏松、多孔及其整体易剥落的特征,使其抗蒸汽氧化性能差。     

氮氧化物对工业硫酸色度影响的试验研究

针对白银有色集团股份有限公司第三冶炼厂硫酸装置以烧结烟气为原料生产硫酸过程中,硫酸产品易发红的情况,结合生产工艺,利用分析检测手段,通过试验查明了原因。对氮氧化物存在对硫酸色度的影响进行了定性定量试验研究,对氮氧化物的存在对硫酸外观颜色影响的机理进行了分析。