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21.
The theoretical-and-experimental investigation has been performed on the stability of smooth cylindrical shells of steel with a single local dent. All the shells manufactured using the same process were tested with the fulfillment of identical conditions for observations and measurements. Theoretical calculations were carried out by the mesh method with the use of the nonlinear theory of shells. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical values of the critical loads has been made. The theoretical-and-experimental approach proposed enables one to evaluate the quality of shells by studying local dents and other specific imperfections. 相似文献
22.
The technique of analytical pyrolysis has been used to characterize 40 similar mid-rank western Kentucky coals of widely differing ASTM Gieseler plasticity. Certain pyrolysis/g.c. variables were shown to correlate well with both ASTM Gieseler and isothermal plasticity. Highly plastic coals were shown to exhibit certain characteristic peaks in the 450 °C pyrogram which were absent in the pyrogram of the non-plastic coals. Two coals, representing the two extremes in plasticity, were selected for further study. After extraction with solvents such as DMF the characteristic peaks were absent in the 450 °C pyrogram of the extraction residue of the highly plastic coal. These peaks were also shown to decrease with increasing severity of air oxidation of the plastic coal. This technique appears to be a useful tool for the analysis of mid-rank plastic coals and supports the view that the substances contained in the bitumen fraction of these coals are involved in the development of the plastic state. 相似文献
23.
We introduce a new probabilistic approach to dealing with uncertainty, based on the observation that probability theory does not require that every event be assigned a probability. For a nonmeasurable event (one to which we do not assign a probability), we can talk about only the inner measure and outer measure of the event. In addition to removing the requirement that every event be assigned a probability, our approach circumvents other criticisms of probability-based approaches to uncertainty. For example, the measure of belief in an event turns out to be represented by an interval (defined by the inner and outer measures), rather than by a single number. Further, this approach allows us to assign a belief (inner measure) to an event E without committing to a belief about its negation -E (since the inner measure of an event plus the inner measure of its negation is not necessarily one). Interestingly enough, inner measures induced by probability measures turn out to correspond in a precise sense to Dempster-Shafer belief functions. Hence, in addition to providing promising new conceptual tools for dealing with uncertainty, our approach shows that a key part of the important Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is firmly rooted in classical probability theory. Cet article présente une nouvelle approche probabiliste en ce qui concerne le traitement de l'incertitude; celle-ci est basée sur l'observation que la théorie des probabilityés n'exige pas qu'une probabilityé soit assignée à chaque événement. Dans le cas d'un événement non mesurable (un événement pour lequel on n'assigne aucune probabilityé), nous ne pouvons discuter que de la mesure intérieure et de la mesure extérieure de l'évenément. En plus d'éliminer la nécessité d'assigner une probabilityéà l'événement, cette nouvelle approche apporte une réponse aux autres critiques des approches à l'incertitude basées sur des probabilityés. Par exemple, la mesure de croyance dans un événement est représentée par un intervalle (défini par la mesure intérieure et extérieure) plutǒt que par un nombre unique. De plus, cette approche nous permet d'assigner une croyance (mesure intérieure) à un événement E sans se compromettre vers une croyance à propos de sa négation -E (puisque la mesure intérieure d'un événement et la mesure intérieure de sa négation ne sont pas nécessairement une seule et unique mesure). II est intéressant de noter que les mesures intérieures qui résultent des mesures de probabilityé correspondent d'une manière précise aux fonctions de croyance de Dempster-Shafer. En plus de constituer un nouvel outil conceptuel prometteur dans le traitement de l'incertitude, cette approche démontre qu'une partie importante de la théorie de l'évidence de Dempster-Shafer est fermement ancrée dans la theorie classique des probabilityés. 相似文献
24.
Ashok K. Vijh 《Drying Technology》1995,13(1):215-224
An attempt is made to elucidate the electrochemical aspects of the electroosmotic dewatering (EOD) of clays as reported in some recent work, especially that on interrupted DC power electroosmotic dewatering published by Rabie, Mujumdar and Weber (2). These authors showed that the dewatering by EOD stops after the DC power has been on for several minutes or hours; on interruption of their power and on short-circuiting of the electrodes, conditions can be created again for some further dewatering by DC power EOD. This discovery, of Rabie et al. is interpreted as a fuel cell effect and it is shown that it affords clues to several other electrochemical strategies for the possible enhancement of the efficiency of the EOD by DC power.
Further, the open circuit potentials observed by Rabie et al. (2) on the interruption of DC power are given an electrochemical interpretation which leads to quantitative estimates in agreement with the experimental values. 相似文献
Further, the open circuit potentials observed by Rabie et al. (2) on the interruption of DC power are given an electrochemical interpretation which leads to quantitative estimates in agreement with the experimental values. 相似文献
25.
26.
Preparation and Properties of Sintering Additives Coated Si3N4 from Heterogeneous Nucleation Processing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The sintering additives such as Al2O3 and /or Y2O3 were coated on the surfaces of Si3N4 particles via heterogeneous nucleation processing using a buffered pH solution as the precipitation reagent .They nucleated and grew only on the surfaces of Si3N4 and did not form sol particles in solution by TEM observation .The isoelectric point(IEP) of coated Si3N4 was different from that of as-received Si3N4.The IEP of Al(OH)3-coated Si3N4 occurred at pH8.4, which is close to that of alumina .When Al(OH)3-coated Si3N4 particles were coated with Y(OH)3,the IEP of coated Si3N4 powder shifted from pH8.4 to pH9.2 ,similar to that of yttria.In addition ,the rheological data showed that Al2O3 and /or Y2O3 coated Si3N4 suspension is nearly Newtonian and that added Si3N4 suspension shows a shear rate thinning behavior. 相似文献
27.
本文提出励磁电流可自动控制的他励式双高调速系统设计方案。系统在提升特别是在下放重物时,具有较硬的机械性;在负载10-100%的变化范围内,可实现最大偏差Δnmax/nmin100%≤10%,调速范围D≥10;在满载运行条件下,可节约电能80%以上。 相似文献
28.
Li2O在保护渣中的作用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用在不同玻璃性的两种基渣中加入Li2O为研究Li2O对保护渣粘度,熔化温度及玻璃性能的影响,并对Li2O改善保护渣玻璃性的机理进行了探讨,提出了寻找高速连铸保护渣中Li2O的代用物的一种方法。 相似文献
29.
Results from applying the model on a sample of contractors, the majority of whom were international and operating in Egypt, reinforces the credibility of the developed methodology, claim the authors. 相似文献
30.