提高拉刀耐用度的挤压工艺

拉刀在刃磨过程中存在不易获得定值前角且会降低刀具硬度等问题，为此设计了拉刀前刀面挤压工艺．该工艺简便易行，一把拉刀可挤压5—8次，效益好。使用证明，经挤压加工后的拉刀加工的零件精度高，且拉刀的使用寿命可提高30%以上。     

Prediction of the effects on dynamic response due to distributed structural modification with additional degrees of freedom

The aim of this study is to investigate means of efficiently assessing the effects of distributed structural modification on the dynamic properties of a complex structure. The dynamic properties of the modified structure can be determined by experimental testing or numerical simulation, both of which are complex, expensive and time-consuming. Assuming that the original dynamic characteristics are already established and that the modification is a relatively simple attachment, the modified dynamic properties may be determined numerically without solving the equations of motion of the full-modified structure. The frequency response functions (FRFs) of the modified structure can be computed by coupling the original FRFs and a delta dynamic stiffness matrix for the modification introduced. The validity of this approach is investigated by applying it to a cantilever beam to which a smaller beam is attached as modification. The original FRFs were obtained experimentally as well as numerically. The delta dynamic stiffness matrix was determined numerically by modeling the attachment and part of the original structure including the attachment points. The FRFs of the modified beam were then computed. Good agreement is obtained by comparing the results to the FRFs of the modified beam determined experimentally as well as by numerical modeling of the complete modified structure.     

利用Love波特性计算地基动力响应

本文利用Love波弥散特性在频域上对地基出平面振动及扭振问题进行了研究。在计算区域内结构将采用有限单元划分,而在边界上则根据Love 面波特性使用传递边界有限单元。本文同时讨论了不同模态波对结构动力响应的贡献。本文方法也适合于静力分析。     

国外工具磨床发展现状

本文综述了近睥来国外工具磨床技术的发展现状，介绍了由CNC技术带来的几种新的磨削方法，分析了当代工具磨床典型产品的技术水平。     

乙烯裂解炉辐射段流动与燃烧的三维数值模拟

用计算流体力学软件Fluent6.2对中国石油化工股份有限公司燕山分公司E-BA-107乙烯裂解炉辐射段内的流动和燃烧做了三维数值模拟研究。为保证计算的准确性,使用GAMBIT2.2软件建立了与裂解炉实际尺寸完全一致的几何模型;在计算过程中采用了标准k-ε湍流模型、离散坐标辐射模型和有限速率/涡流耗散燃烧反应模型等计算模型。通过模拟计算得到了裂解炉炉膛内的温度、烟气流速及烟气组成的分布:底部燃烧器和侧壁燃烧器的燃烧使附近的炉墙处于温度分布均匀的高温区,为裂解反应提供了均匀的辐射墙面;炉管底部比其他部位的温度低;底部燃烧器的高速射流产生的旋涡可为炉管提供一定的对流热;出口烟气的平均温度和组成的模拟计算值与设计值接近,表明数值模拟有较高的精度,具有实际意义。     

Optimal control of nonlinear systems to given orbits

Using optimal control techniques we derive and demonstrate the use of an explicit single-step control method for directing a nonlinear system to a target orbit and keeping it there. We require that control values remain near the uncontrolled settings. The full nonlinearity of the problem in state space variables is retained. The “one-step” of the control is typically a composition of known or learned maps over (a) the time required to learn the state, (b) the time to compute the control and (c) the time to apply the control. No special targeting is required, yet the time to control is quite rapid. Working with the dynamics of a well-studied nonlinear electrical circuit, we show how this method works efficiently and accurately in two situations: when the known circuit equations are used, and when control is performed only on a Poincaré section of the reconstructed phase space. In each case, because the control rule is known analytically, the control strategy is computationally efficient while retaining high accuracy. The target locations on the selected target trajectory at each control stage are determined dynamically by the initial conditions and the system dynamics, and the target trajectory is an approximation to an unstable periodic orbit of the uncontrolled system. A linear stability analysis shows that dissipation in the dynamical system is essential for reaching a controllable state.     

The intervalley X6→Γ6, L6 scattering time in GaAs measured by ultrafast pump-probe infrared absorption spectroscopy

A direct measurement of the dynamics of electrons in the X₆ valley for a GaAs crystal by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy is reported for the first time. IR picosecond probe pulses were used to monitor the growth and decay of the population in the X₆ valley subsequent to excitation by a 527 nm pump pulse. The intervalley X₆→Γ₆, L₆ scattering time t_x of 0.70 ± 0.50 ps is determined and the crossection for the X₆→X₇ transition is estimated to be 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁶ cm².     

Parallelism in ILU-preconditioned GMRES

A parallel implementation of the preconditioned GMRES method is described. The method is used to solve the discretized incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. A parallel implementation of the inner product is given, which appears to be scalable on a massively parallel computer. The most difficult part to parallelize is the ILU-preconditioner. We parallelize the preconditioner using ideas proposed by Bastian and Horton (P. Bastian, G. Horton, SIAM. J. Stat. Comput. 12 (1991) 1457–1470). Contrary to some other parallel methods, the required number of iterations is independent of the number of processors used. A model is presented to predict the efficiency of the method. Experiments are done on the Cray T3D, computing the solution of a two-dimensional incompressible flow. Predictions of computing time show good correspondence with measurements.     

Fast parallel Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient algorithms for robot manipulator dynamics simulation

In this paper fast parallel Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) algorithms for robot manipulator forward dynamics, or dynamic simulation, problem are presented. By exploiting the inherent structure of the forward dynamics problem, suitable preconditioners are devised to accelerate the iterations. Also, based on the choice of preconditioners, a modified dynamic formulation is used to speedup both serial and parallel computation of each iteration. The implementation of the parallel algorithms on two interconnected processor arrays is discussed and their computation and communication complexities are analyzed. The simulation results for a Puma Arm are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed preconditioners. With a faster convergence due to preconditioning and a faster computation of iterations due to parallelization, the developed parallel PCG algorithms represent the fastest alternative for parallel computation of the problem withO(n) processors.     

有关H－Ⅱ运载火箭的动力学课题研究

重点介绍有关Ｈ—Ⅱ运载火箭（以下简称Ｈ—Ⅱ）的一些动力学课题的研究状况。其中，重要的动力学课题有全箭振动、ＰＯＧＯ、防液体晃动、分离动力学试验、动力学环境试验等。针对这些动力学课题，日本有关部门已研究多年，既作了充分的地面试验，又进行了有效的工程应用研究，最终保证了Ｈ—Ⅱ的首次飞行成功。