广东电网220 kV、110 kV电力变压器质量抽检结果分析

通过对国内16家主要220 kV、110 kV主变压器生产企业质量调研,对各生产企业的质量管理体系、人力资源、原材料、生产工艺、生产及检测情况等5个方面进行了分析,指出了各厂220 kV、110 kV主变压器样品质量检测存在的产品损耗偏大、温升偏高、生产试验设备老化等问题。为生产企业进一步提高产品质量提供建议。     

A cross-validation of the NIOSH limits for manual lifting

The psychophysical, biomechanical, and physiological criteria used in establishing the NIOSH limits for manual lifting were cross-validated against the data published by different researchers in the subject literature. Assessment of the 1991 NIOSH lifting equation indicated that: (1) NIOSH-based limits are significantly different from the psychophysical limits in the (i) low and high frequencies of lift, and (ii) small and large horizontal distances; (2) NIOSH limits are highly correlated with the data of Snook and Ciriello (1991) in the low frequency range, with the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) protecting about 85% of the female population and 95% of the male population; (3) the 3·4 kN limit for compression on the lumbosacral joint cannot protect the majority of the worker population on the basis of damage load concept; and (4) energy expenditure limits used in development of the RWL index can be sustained by 57 to 99% of worker population when compared to the physiological limits based on previous fatigue studies. Results of the cross-validation for psychophysical criterion confirmed the validity of assumptions made in the 1991 NIOSH revised lifting equation. However, the results of cross-validation for the biomechanical and physiological criteria were not in total agreement with the 1991 NIOSH model     

Plenary Session: Operation Functions in Vehicle Control Anthropoteehnik in der Fahrzeugfuhrung

Abstract

Manual-handling-related injuries remain a fairly high and constant proportion of all injuries at work in Australia. To assist in reducing the number and severity of these injuries, the Occupational Health and Safety Manual Handling Regulations 1988, came into effect in February 1989 in the state of Victoria. The regulations do not specify any weight limits but require employers to ‘assess and control risks arising from manual handling activities in workplaces’. The regulations are supplemented by a code of practice to provide practical guidance in the three stages of risk identification, assessment and control. There is a risk-identification checklist and the assessment is based on the NIOSH formula and factors by means of a calculated weight table. Risk control establishes a priority order of job redesign, mechanical aids and specific training. Practical examples illustrate the processes, and the possible control options. The positive role that ergonomics can play in solutions and improving productivity is discussed.     

Carrying and spine loading

The advantages and disadvantages of different methods of carrying objects on spine loading are still not fully understood. Previous studies have either examined the effects of carrying using physiological measures or examined isolated spine segments using biomechanical models. Additionally, most studies have been restricted to only a small number of carrying conditions. Very few studies have attempted to examine the various factors influencing spine loading together. To improve understanding of interacting factors on carrying, this study assessed the lumbar spine loads of 16 subjects as they assumed six styles of carrying at two weight levels and two activity levels (walking vs. standing). Concurrent with each trial, a subject-specific biomechanical model was used to assess spine forces over the full lumbar spine. Most carrying methods in the trials resulted in relatively low levels of spine loading. Anterior/posterior (A/P) shear loading was the only spine-loading dimension that reached biomechanically meaningful levels. Two carrying conditions, with bins carried in front of the body, significantly increased A/P shear compared with other carrying styles. This increase appeared to be due to the greater moment arms occurring in these conditions. Many of the other carrying styles produced A/P shears that were similar to those observed when carrying nothing at all. Of all the tasks, the backpack carry characteristically produced especially low spine loads. The findings of the study suggest that to achieve optimal carrying in terms of spine loading, loads should be positioned close to the body, even when carrying relatively light loads.     

桥梁质量检测和静载试验

为了从强度、刚度稳定性和耐久性等方面判明八仙大桥的安全度,对质量病害有一个确切全面的了解,以便针对质量缺陷提出相应的技术对策,通过现场质量检测和荷载试验对本桥进行了技术状况评定,以保证本桥能安全运行和正常使用。     

三网融合背景下广电网络的发展思路

阐述三网融合的发展历程,介绍广电网络的发展现状,指出广电网络运营商必须正视所面临的机遇和风险,主动投身市场经济,掌握市场竞争的主动权,在此基础上进一步确立正确的发展思路。     

我国网络安全现状的分析及建议

网络安全问题已成为信息时代人类共同面临的挑战,国内的网络安全问题也日益突出。具体表现为:计算机系统受病毒感染和破坏的情况相当严重;电脑黑客活动已形成重要威胁;信息基础设施面临网络安全的挑战;信息系统在预测、反应、防范和恢复能力方面存在许多薄弱环节;网络政治颠覆活动频繁。文中分析了制约提高我国网络安全防范能力的主要因素,就政府如何提高我国网络的安全性提出几点建议:尽快制定具有战略眼光的“国家网络安全计划”;建立有效的国家信息安全管理体系;加快出台一系列相关法律法规,改变目前相关法律法规太笼统、缺乏操作性的现状;在信息技术及其关键产品的研发方面,提供具有超前意识的全局性目标和相关产业政策;建立一个功能齐备、全局协调的安全技术平台,与信息安全管理体系相互支撑和配合。     

基于聚类分析的全国大学生数学建模现状研究

依据2013年全国大学生数学建模竞赛获奖数据,运用MATLAB软件对我国各地区大学生数学建模竞赛现状进行了聚类分析,为充分利用大学生建模竞赛提高人才培养质量提供一定的科学依据.     

试论第三方软件测试发展现状及对策

本文笔者就当前交通运行信息行业第三方软件测试现状基础上,首先从第三方软件测试的重要性入手,归纳了第三方测试的特点,然后分析了第三方软件测试的现状,总结了我国第三方软件测试发展存在的问题,最后就如何进一步促进第三方软件测试发展发表了自己的看法,希望为相关领域的研究者提供参考和借鉴。     

论变电站中刀闸的运行维护和异常处理

在变电站中,刀闸作为高压设备的一种,承担着转换运行方式的职责,实现相应运维工作的完善落实,能够及时发现运行异常状况并落实完善的处理措施,为确保电网的安全可靠运行奠定基础.本文针对如何实现变电站刀闸运行维护以及异常处理工作的完善落实进行了研究,并提出了一系列对策.