Zonal disintegration phenomenon in enclosing rock mass surrounding deep tunnels -- Elasto-plastic analysis of stress field of enclosing rock mass

The zonal disintegration phenomenon (ZDP) is a typical phenomenon in deep block rock masses. In order to investigate the mechanism of ZDP, an improved non-linear Hock-Brown strength criterion and a bi-linear constitutive model of rock mass were used to analyze the elasto-plastic stress field of the enclosing rock mass around a deep round tunnel. The radius of the plastic region and stress of the enclosing rock mass were obtained by introducing dimensionless parameters of radial distance. The results show that tunneling in deep rock mass causes a maximum stress zone to appear in the vicinity of the boundary of the elastic and the plas-tic zone in the surrounding rock mass. Under the compression of a large tangential force and a small radial force, the rock mass in the maximum stress zone was in an approximate uniaxial loading state, which could lead to a split failure in the rock mass.     

基于混沌神经网络的建筑节能综合评价

目的 构建建筑节能综合评价指标体系,对建筑节能进行综合评价.方法 针对神经网络BP算法收敛速度慢且容易陷入局部极小值问题,在常规神经网络中引入混沌神经元,建立混沌神经网络建筑节能综合评价模型.结果 根据建筑节能综合评价指标体系各量化指标,得出科学合理的评价结果 .通过实验仿真验证了该混沌学习算法的有效性和先进性.在输入参数相同的情况下,训练收敛到相同精度,CNN模型的训练次数少于BP网络模型,CNN模型用于建筑节能评价精度高.结论 运用混沌神经网络进行建筑节能综合评价的方法 是有效的.     

关于数列收敛的又一判定定理

对已有的数列收敛的判定定理进行扩充,从而更加丰富读者的知识面,为读者学习和研究多提供一份材料.通过对这个定理进行严格的证明,并在局部证明过程中运用两种方法.从而得到所要证明的定理.     

压力敏感性材料球形孔洞动态扩展问题

为进一步研究岩土材料爆炸场的特点,采用椭圆型屈服准则和自相似假设,并结合Hopkins三区模型,研究幂硬化材料球形孔洞动态扩展问题.通过对弹性区的研究得出弹性区应力的分布和弹塑性交界处的连续条件;然后在塑性区给出一个求解动态扩展问题的非线性微分方程组;最后通过打靶法数值求解该非线性微分方程组,给出满足边界条件的数值解,并讨论材料参数对场量的影响.结果表明,椭圆型屈服准则能很好地描述压力敏感性材料中孔洞的动态扩展.     

双足机器人行走稳定性研究

双足机器人行走的稳定性是双足行走最为重要的衡量指标之一.针对传统的基于零力矩点（ZMP）步态稳定性判据方法,分析了ZMP、COP的相互关系,表明在双足机器人与水平地面无粘性力和无吸附力作用下,其ZMP即为压力中心点COP.基于具有足趾关节的双足机器人足底支撑面多种变化,提出对多点接触时支撑多边形区域描述.结合ZMP/COP、COG的在支撑面内相对位置,提出了基于ZMP/COP、COG的综合稳定性判据.经仿真分析,与传统单一的ZMP稳定性判据相比,该综合稳定性判据能够更为准确地反映步态的稳定性.     

Asymptotic state behaviour and its modeling for saturated sand

A new double hardening elasto-plastic model is proposed in this paper based on the existing unified hardening model (UH model). By assuming that there is part coupling effect between the plastic volumetric strain and plastic shear strain, hardening parameters consisting of a coupled and an uncoupled components are adopted in this model. A unique feature of this model is that it can describe not only the conventional drained and undrained behaviors of soil, but also the stress-strain relationships of soil under partially drained conditions which can be volumetric compression or dilation. Adopting the asymptotic state concept, simple equations for estimating the limiting stress ratio under undrained or earth pressure at rest (i.e. K ₀) conditions are derived. The new model is relatively simple to be adopted in practice for two reasons. First, the same soil parameters as in Cam-clay model are used except the addition of one extra parameter, the stress ratio at the characteristic state. Second, all the parameters can be determined using conventional triaxial compression tests. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10672010 and 50479001) and the National Earthquake Science Item (Grant No. 200808076)     

Orientation angle workspaces of planar serial three-link manipulators

This paper presents a classification on the workspaces of planar serial three-link manipulators, that is, position workspace and orientation angle workspace. Position workspace indicates the region reached by the reference point on the end-effector. Orientation angle workspace indicates a set of angle ranges by which the end-effector can reach with certain orientation for every point in the reachable position workspace. By introducing a virtual equivalent mechanism, reachable position workspace can be divided into several Grashof intervals and non-Grashof intervals. The calculation equations of orientation angle workspace are deduced in three situations according to the relationships among four link lengths in the virtual four-bar chain. Three examples are given for three kinds of relationship of link lengths. The orientation angle workspace of extended groups, that is, two of the three link lengths equal, and the orientation angle workspace when the reference point on the end-effector moves along a non-radial direction are also discussed. A program is developed to calculate orientation angle workspaces and output variation curves of orientation angle workspace and key data within the position workspace. The approach and program in this paper can be used for fast calculation and identification of the variation rule of the orientation angle workspace of any given planar serial three-link manipulator on the basis of its link parameters, and for the design of a highly dexterous serial manipulator with proposed link relations. Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Grant No. 20041070)     

Construction of highly nonlinear resilient Boolean functions satisfying strict avalanche criterion

Boolean functions with high nonlinearity, high resiliency and strict avalanche criterion （SAC） play an important role in the designs of conventional cryptographic systems. In this paper, a method is proposed to construct resilient Boolean functions on n variables （n even） satisfying SAC with nonlinearity 〉 2n-1 -2n/2. A large class of cryptographic Boolean functions that were not known earlier were obtained.     

Extraction of locked-up coal by strengthening of rib pillars with FRP——A comparative study through numerical modelling

In some of the coalfields in India, coal seams are only developed but no extraction of pillars is possible due to the presence of surface or sub-surface structures and also non-availability of stowing materials which leads to huge amounts of coal being locked-up underground. Spontaneous heating and fire, accumulation of poisonous gases, severe stability issues leading to unsafe workings and environmental hazards are the major problems associated with the developed coal pillars. So, there is a pressing need for a technology for the mining industry to extract the huge amount of coal locked-up under different constraints. In this study, the locked-up coal is proposed to be extracted by artificially strengthening the rib pillars. The detailed comparative study is carried out to know the increase of extraction percentage of locked-up coal by strengthening the rib pillars with FRP. Extraction methodology is designed and studied through numerical modelling for its stability analysis to evaluate its suitability of application in underground.     

裂纹起裂角预测方法研究

本文提出一个新的屈服准则,该屈服准则适用于岩石类材料的小范围屈服,旨在预测弹塑性材料的破坏行为,基于该屈服准则,推导出了I型,II型以及I-II混合型裂纹尖端塑性区半径并对在单轴拉伸和纯剪切等荷载作用下的裂纹尖端塑性区进行了分析。结果显示,荷载加载方式、裂纹倾斜角和材料内摩擦角对塑性区的形状与大小有显著影响。根据对裂纹尖端塑性区的分析,基于如下假设：裂纹沿塑性区最短路径扩展,本文在提出的屈服准则的基础上导出了新的断裂准则,该准则可预测裂纹开裂初始角。相较于其他断裂准则,文献实验结果与本文提出的准则吻合地更好,能更加精确的预测裂纹的起裂角。