Sleeping with one eye open: Marital abuse as an antecedent of poor sleep.

In a diverse community sample of 241 married couples, we examined received psychological abuse (PA) as a longitudinal predictor of men's and women's sleep. Participants reported on marital functioning and mental health during three assessments (T1, T2, T3) and sleep problems during two assessments (T2, T3), with 1-year lags between waves. Growth curve analyses revealed that for both spouses, higher initial levels of PA and increases in PA over time predicted greater sleep disturbances at T3. For husbands and wives, anxiety and depression mediated some of the associations between PA and sleep problems. For wives, moderation effects highlighted the importance of violence, anxiety, and depression in exacerbating sleep problems associated with PA. Results build on and contribute significantly to the scant literature implicating the importance of the marital relationship for sleep and suggest that simultaneous consideration of intrapersonal and interpersonal variables is critical when explicating sleep disruptions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Remote health monitoring adoption model based on artificial neural networks

The purpose of this research is to utilize the adoption model of remote health monitoring established by artificial neural networks (ANNs). The adoption model by the naming is the healthcare information adoption model (HIAM) that it is created first time by myself. The HIAM focused on citizens in Taiwan as research subjects. The main research result showed that people’s perceived usefulness and benefits (PUB) must be raised in order to effectively increase the adoption of remote health monitoring. Moreover, this research has proved that the utilization of the adoption model of remote health monitoring established by ANN based on the HIAM is feasible. These findings may offer significant reference for subsequent studies.     

The Interplay between QSAR/QSPR Studies and Partial Order Ranking and Formal Concept Analyses

The often observed scarcity of physical-chemical and well as toxicological data hampers the assessment of potentially hazardous chemicals released to the environment. In such cases Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships/Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSAR/QSPR) constitute an obvious alternative for rapidly, effectively and inexpensively generatng missing experimental values. However, typically further treatment of the data appears necessary, e.g., to elucidate the possible relations between the single compounds as well as implications and associations between the various parameters used for the combined characterization of the compounds under investigation. In the present paper the application of QSAR/QSPR in combination with Partial Order Ranking (POR) methodologies will be reviewed and new aspects using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) will be introduced. Where POR constitutes an attractive method for, e.g., prioritizing a series of chemical substances based on a simultaneous inclusion of a range of parameters, FCA gives important information on the implications associations between the parameters. The combined approach thus constitutes an attractive method to a preliminary assessment of the impact on environmental and human health by primary pollutants or possibly by a primary pollutant well as a possible suite of transformation subsequent products that may be both persistent in and bioaccumulating and toxic. The present review focus on the environmental – and human health impact by residuals of the rocket fuel 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (heptyl) and its transformation products as an illustrative example.     

Towards consistent modes of e‐health implementation: structurational analysis of a telecare programme's limited success

Telecare is the use of information and communication systems to facilitate care delivery to individuals in their homes. Although the expectations of telecare are high, its implementation has proved complex. This case study demonstrates this complexity through a structurational analysis of a telecare implementation process. The paper shows how structuration concepts enable a combined analysis of actors' interactions with a technology and of the interaction among these actors from different institutional contexts. In this example, fragmented multi‐actor agency induced an inconsistent implementation mode, leading to unsuccessful telecare appropriation. This paper concludes with a preliminary proposal for more consistent telecare implementation modes. These modes may better support the actors' reflexive monitoring and dialogue and inform further research.     

技术职务晋升中需要注意的几个问题

阐述了任职资格的必要条件及组织申报材料时的注意事项     

医疗卫生用非织造布及新进展

本文介绍了非织造布在医疗卫生领域的用途、性能要求、产品特点及发展趋向.     

Inferring relationships between health and fertility in Norwegian Red cows using recursive models

Health and fertility are complex traits, and the phenotype for one trait may affect the phenotype of one or more other traits. For instance, disease in early lactation may impair a cow's ability to show estrus and to conceive after insemination. The objectives of the present study were to explore phenotypic and genetic relationships among health and fertility traits in Norwegian Red cows using a recursive effects model, which allows disentangling causal effects of phenotypes from the genetic and environmental correlations among traits. Records of interval from calving to first insemination (CFI), nonreturn rate within 56 d after first insemination (NR56), clinical mastitis (CM), ketosis (KET), and retained placenta from 55,568 first-lactation daughters of 1,577 Norwegian Red sires were analyzed. Trivariate recursive Gaussian-threshold models were used to analyze the 2 fertility traits (CFI and NR56) together with 1 disease trait in each analysis. The estimated structural coefficients of the recursive models imply that presence of KET or retained placenta lengthened CFI, whereas causal effects from CM to fertility were negligible. Recursive effects of disease on NR56, and of CFI on NR56, were all close to zero. Genetic correlations between health and fertility traits were low or moderate. The strongest genetic correlation was between KET and CFI (0.29), whereas genetic correlations between CM and NR56 and between CFI and NR56 were nil. In general, selection against disease is expected to slightly improve fertility (shorter CFI and higher NR56) as a correlated response and vice versa. The present results suggest that the use of structural-equation models, such as the one used here, may enhance our understanding of complex relationships among traits.     

Psychotherapy in the veterans health administration: Missed opportunities?

Informed by data on the dose-response effect, the authors assessed use of psychotherapy in the Veterans Health Administration (VA). The authors identified 410,923 patients with newly diagnosed depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder using VA databases (October 2003 through September 2004). Psychotherapy encounters were identified by Current Procedural Terminology codes for the 12 months following patients' initial diagnosis. Psychotherapy was examined for session exposure received within the 12-month follow-up period and time (in days) between diagnosis and treatment. Of the cohort, 22% received at least one session of psychotherapy; 7.9% received four or more sessions; 4.2% received eight or more sessions; and 2.4% received 13 or more sessions. Delays between initial mental health diagnosis and initiation of care averaged 57 days. Patient variables including age, marital status, income, travel distance, psychiatric diagnosis, and medical-illness burden were significantly related to receipt of psychotherapy. Treatment delays and general underuse of psychotherapy services are potential missed opportunities for higher-quality psychotherapeutic care in integrated health care settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Whatever does not kill us: Cumulative lifetime adversity, vulnerability, and resilience.

Exposure to adverse life events typically predicts subsequent negative effects on mental health and well-being, such that more adversity predicts worse outcomes. However, adverse experiences may also foster subsequent resilience, with resulting advantages for mental health and well-being. In a multiyear longitudinal study of a national sample, people with a history of some lifetime adversity reported better mental health and well-being outcomes than not only people with a high history of adversity but also than people with no history of adversity. Specifically, U-shaped quadratic relationships indicated that a history of some but nonzero lifetime adversity predicted relatively lower global distress, lower self-rated functional impairment, fewer posttraumatic stress symptoms, and higher life satisfaction over time. Furthermore, people with some prior lifetime adversity were the least affected by recent adverse events. These results suggest that, in moderation, whatever does not kill us may indeed make us stronger. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists' roles and opportunities in rehabilitation and recovery for serious mental illness: A survey of Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology (CUDCP) clinical psychology training and doctoral education.

The emergence of psychiatric rehabilitation and the recovery movement generate new and expanded roles for psychologists in services for people with serious mental illness (SMI). However, the proportion of psychologists working in SMI services today is substantially less than previous decades. This article reviews the roles of psychologists in various mental health systems and outlines the contributions that psychologists can make in implementing evidence based approaches for people with SMI. A survey of American Psychology Association (APA)-accredited Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology (CUDCP) Clinical Psychology doctoral programs was conducted. The results of the survey indicate an increase, since the early 1990s, in clinical faculty with SMI interests, and suggest that many graduate programs provide opportunities for SMI-relevant research and practicum training. However, the survey also indicates a lack of coursework on topics relevant to SMI and a lack of coursework relevant to assuming administrative and leadership roles in the mental health system. Despite training opportunities in graduate school, production of new PhDs who choose the SMI field is unlikely to meet the demand. According to the present study, the limiting factor is not availability of training, but student career choice. The opportunities and challenges that psychologists face in SMI recovery-oriented service delivery are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)