溶剂浮选-高效液相色谱法测定工业废水中酚类化合物

建立了溶剂浮选-高效液相色谱法测定工业废水中酚类化合物的新方法。采用溶剂浮选法分离富集水体中壬基酚（NP）、辛基酚（OP）和双酚A（BPA）,用高效液相色谱法测定各组分含量。对影响浮选效果的参数如浮选溶剂、试液pH值、氮气流速、浮选时间等因素进行优化,优选出最佳浮选条件。方法检出限分别为：0.03 μg/L（BPA）,0.25 μg/L(OP),0.21 μg/L(NP)。采用所述方法对石化地区的水样进行测定,样品加标回收率为83%～110%,RSD为4.2%～5.9%。     

超重力强化处理硝基苯类废水的研究进展

硝基苯类化合物广泛存在于火炸药、石化、染料等行业,在其生产过程中产生大量硝基苯类废水,因其结构稳定、毒性大、可生化性差等特点备受广大科技工作者关注。传统废水处理方法存在传质受限、处理效率低等问题,利用超重力技术强化处理硝基苯类废水成为一种新的颇具潜力的方法。本文综述了超重力强化物理法、还原法、臭氧高级氧化法等处理硝基苯类废水方法研究进展,包括强化传质过程、材料制备、催化降解等方面,并对超重力强化处理硝基苯类废水放大过程中应关注的关键问题以及今后对优化结构、延长液体停留时间的研究方向进行了阐述和展望。     

Efficient ozonation of reverse osmosis concentrates from petroleum refinery wastewater using composite metal oxideloaded alumina

Novel Mn–Fe–Mg-and Mn–Fe–Ce-loaded alumina(Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3) were developed to catalytically ozonate reverse osmosis concentrates generated from petroleum refinery wastewaters(PRW-ROC). Highly dispersed 100–300-nm deposits of composite multivalent metal oxides of Mn(Mn~(2+)), Mn~(3+),and Mn~(4+), Fe(Fe~(2+))and Fe~(3+) and Mg(Mg~(2+)), or Ce(Ce~(4+)) were achieved on Al_2O_3 supports. The developed Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3 exhibited higher catalytic activity during the ozonation of PRW-ROC than Mn–Fe/Al_2O_3, Mn/Al_2O-3, Fe/Al_2O_3, and Al_2O_3. Chemical oxygen demand removal by Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3-or Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3-catalyzed ozonation increased by 23.9% and23.2%, respectively, in comparison with single ozonation.Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3 notably promoted áOH generation and áOH-mediated oxidation. This study demonstrated the potential use of composite metal oxide-loaded Al_2O_3 in advanced treatment of bio-recalcitrant wastewaters.     

流态化复合载体生物膜工艺处理高含盐炼油污水的研究

流态化复合载体生物膜(FCBR)工艺使用中国石化石油化工科学研究院专利复合载体,可使生化反应器中的微生物浓度较常规流态化生物膜工艺增加近1倍,有效提高了生化处理能力和抗水质冲击能力,适用于处理高含盐炼油污水。某炼油厂的现场连续试验结果表明,在水力停留时间仅为厂内现有生化处理单元50%的情况下(20h),当进水COD质量浓度为185~620mg?L、氨氮质量浓度为18~60mg?L时,FCBR出水的COD质量浓度可降至150mg?L以下,氨氮质量浓度不超过11mg?L,悬浮物质量浓度基本不超过80mg?L,处理效果明显优于现有生化单元,同时具有较强的抗水质冲击能力,可稳定满足后续催化氧化单元的要求,具有工业化应用前景。     

溶剂脱酚装置处理焦化废水的应用

溶剂脱酚法是一种有效的废水脱酚方法.采用溶剂脱酚法处理焦化废水,对后续废水处理装置具有很好的预处理效果.溶剂脱酚法能够有效回收废水中的酚,不但具有显著的环境效益,而且能产生一定的经济效益.针对采用溶剂脱酚装置处理焦化废水的效果和运行状况进行了阐述,描述了溶剂脱酚装置的工艺流程和运行参数.实践表明:溶剂脱酚装置是处理焦化废水中含酚的可行方法,将溶剂脱酚装置作为焦化废水处理的一道工序具有良好的推广价值.     

同步短程硝化反硝化研究

分析了现有短程硝化反硝化工艺处理高浓度氨氮废水所存在的问题,试验利用序批式反应器(SBR)的内部水力特性对其进行改造,以畜禽养殖废水为研究对象,从宏观上创造同步硝化反硝化(SND)条件,并实现了同一反应器内短程硝化反硝化的同步进行,改造后系统pH值下降速度减缓,反硝化效率提高,最终出水的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐浓度分别降低了39%和38%。     

Water exchange effect on eutrophication in landscape water body supplemented by treated wastewater

Artificial landscape water bodies filled by treated wastewater pose a risk of developing algal blooms due to high nutrient levels of treated wastewater. In this study, water exchange experiments were conducted using treated wastewater in an artificial landscape pond, and a eutrophication model was calibrated and applied to evaluate the effects of water exchange on algae growth in the pond. The results indicate that the joint dilution process and nutrient supply process of water exchange initially cause the algae level to rise and then rapidly decline as the hydraulic resident time (HRT) decreases, and HRT has a critical point at which the pond faces the highest risk of algal bloom. The study also indicates that phosphorus (instead of nitrogen) is the primary limiting factor of algae growth. Therefore, the critical HRT should be avoided and phosphorus is the target pollutant to be controlled in landscape pond water management.