中国生物质成型燃料产业政策与执行效果分析

生物质固体成型燃料因其碳中性、氮硫含量低、烟气污染少、便于运输等优势,在供热、供气以及发电方面可以大量替代煤炭、天然气或重油,在有效供能的同时,能够显著减少污染,实现CO2零排放,符合当前社会可持续发展的理念。尽管我国出台了一系列激励政策,但是在产业发展的过程中还存在一定问题,产业发展离国家目标还有一定差距。本文对目前国内外已出台的生物质成型燃料产业政策进行了归纳和总结,并对我国的关键产业政策,如秸秆能源化补贴政策、税收减免政策、环保措施政策、贷款优惠的执行效果做了跟踪调研,对不同政策的执行力度与成效做了评价和分析,最终给出了政策改进建议。     

Identifying barriers in the diffusion of renewable energy sources

Rapid diffusion of renewable energy sources (RES) in the electricity power sector is crucial if the EU wants to fulfill its 2050 CO₂ reduction commitments. For this reason, identifying and alleviating all barriers that hinder the development of RES is necessary to the successful deployment of these technologies. This paper discusses the main barriers in the diffusion of wind and photovoltaic (PV) solar power in the Greek electricity sector by drawing on the literature of technological innovation systems and system functions. Furthermore, we provide an explanation of the different diffusion rates between the two technologies. Inadequate financial resources, low grid capacity, delays in the issuance of building permits, opposition from local communities to the construction of wind farms and the lack of a stable institutional framework are among the most important barriers that inhibit the diffusion of the wind and PV solar power. The nature of the barriers identified in this study calls for policy intervention.     

电站锅炉煤粉参数远程监控系统的软件设计与实现

电站锅炉煤粉颗粒参数在线监控对于锅炉优化控制有着重要的参考作用.为了实现煤粉管道内颗粒的细度、浓度、速度的实时监控,通过模块化的程序设计方案,设计了数据采集系统的上位机软件.该软件通过自定义控件实现了系统组态、实时曲线与柱状图数据显示、保存等功能.同时利用多线程和通道自动分配方法实现了单通道采样频率达1 MHz的数据快速采集与处理,并基于Modbus通讯协议实现了与DCS(Distributed Control System)的即时通讯.在电站长时间投入运行的结果表明,该系统具有良好的稳定性与可靠性,各项功能均满足锅炉运行与优化控制要求.     

Word2003文字处理专题学习网站的设计与实现

介绍了专题学习网站的基本知识,着重介绍Word 2003文字处理专题学习网站的设计与功能实现,专题学习网站以教学设计为基础,通过对网站学习者的需求进行分析,提出了独到的设计思想和设计策略,根据需求目标完成该网站的结构设计,详细介绍了首页的设计,同时也重点阐述了网站功能的实现,并展望专题学习网站的应用前景.     

FPGA上抗侧信道攻击的密码算法实现

密码算法在运行时可能会受到侧信道攻击,抗侧信道攻击的FPGA密码算法实现是目前研究的一个热点。通过随机数保护关键数据的S盒移位掩码法被认为是一种有效的防御手段。采用该方式实现的密码算法在提高运行安全性的同时,可能会带来硬件资源开销的增加及加解密速度的降低。通过对SM4算法的实现表明,采用合适的实现方式时S盒移位掩码法抗侧信道攻击实现对算法硬件资源开销及加解密速度影响不是太大,具有一定的实用价值。     

适用于短码捕获的匹配滤波器的实现结构

扩频码（伪随机码,PN码）捕获是扩频通信中扩频码同步的一个重要环节,基于匹配滤波器的捕获方法具有捕获时间短的优势,比较适合短码的捕获和实时通信的场合。为解决数字匹配滤波器资源占用多的问题,根据扩频码取值的双极性特性,针对数据过采样的应用场合,提出了一种基于FPGA实现的数字匹配滤波器的结构。该结构为两级滤波器形式,无乘...     

T矩阵的编程实现

T矩阵方法被广泛地应用于粒子的光散射计算中。在计算T矩阵的程序中,绝大部分都是通过FORTRAN语言实现的。本文通过目前最通用的计算机语言C 来实现T矩阵,同时提出了实现过程中应注意的问题。     

Novel Diffusion‐Barrier Materials Against Oxygen for High‐Density Dynamic Random Access Memory Capacitors

A new design concept for diffusion barriers in high‐density memory capacitors is suggested, and both RuTiN (RTN) and RuTiO (RTO) films are proposed as sacrificial oxygen diffusion barriers. The newly developed RTN and RTO barriers show a much lower sheet resistance than various other barriers, including binary and ternary nitrides (reported by others), up to 800 °C, without a large increase in the resistance. For both the Pt/RTN/TiSi_x/n⁺⁺poly‐plug/n⁺ channel layer/Si and the Pt/RTO/RTN/TiSi_x/n⁺⁺poly‐plug/n⁺ channel layer/Si contact structures, contact resistance—the most important electrical parameter for the diffusion barrier in the bottom electrode structure of capacitors—was found to be as low as 5 kohm, even after annealing up to 750 °C. When the RTN film was inserted as a glue layer between the bottom Pt electrode layer and the TiN barrier film in the chemical vapor deposited (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ (CVD–BST) simple stack‐type structure, the RTN glue layer was observed to be thermally stable to temperatures 150 °C higher than that to which the TiN glue layer is stable. Moreover, the capacitance of the physical vapor deposited (PVD)–BST simple stack‐type structure adopted TiN glue layer initially degraded after annealing at 500 °C, and, thereafter, completely failed. In the case of the RTN and RTO/RTN glue layers, however, the capacitance continuously increased up to 550 °C. Thus, the new RTN and RTO films, which act as diffusion barriers to oxygen, are very promising materials for achieving high‐density capacitors.     

一种基于二维最大类间方差的图像分割算法

本文提出了一种二维最大类间方差的图像分割算法,该方法不仅利用了图像元点的灰度分布信息,而且充分考虑了像元点之间的空间相关信息,理论分析和实验表明,对于低对比度,低信噪比的地面目标,该方法具有良好的分割效果,在该算法的基础上,又提出也一种快速递推二维最在类间方差法,减少了计算量,节约存储空间,具有较强的实用价值。     

AES算法的FPGA优化实现

简要介绍了新一代高级加密标准AES算法（Rijndad）的设计原理，对其实现流程进行了详细阐述。以资源优化为目标，在对轮操作进行简化合并的基础上，完成了该算法加密部分的FPGA优化实现。